March 22

March 22 is the 81st day of the year (82nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 284 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 238 – Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman emperors.
• 1621 – The Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony sign a peace treaty with Massasoit of the Wampanoags.
• 1622 – Jamestown massacre: Algonquian Indians kill 347 English settlers around Jamestown, Virginia, a third of the colony's population.
• 1630 – Massachusetts Bay Colony outlaws the possession of cards, dice, and gaming tables.
• 1638 – Anne Hutchinson is expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony for religious dissent.
• 1765 – The Parliament of Great Britain passes the Stamp Act, which introduced a tax to be levied directly on its American colonies.
• 1784 – The Emerald Buddha is moved with great ceremony to its current place in Wat Phra Kaew, Thailand.
• 1809 – Charles XIII succeeds Gustav IV Adolf to the Swedish throne.
• 1829 – The three protecting powers (Britain, France and Russia) establish the borders of Greece.
• 1849 – The Austrians defeat the Piedmontese at the Battle of Novara.
• 1871 – In North Carolina, William Woods Holden becomes the first governor of a U.S. state to be removed from office by impeachment.
• 1873 – A law is approved by the Spanish National Assembly in Puerto Rico to abolish slavery.
• 1888 – The Football League is formed.
• 1894 – The first playoff game for the Stanley Cup starts.
• 1895 – First display (a private screening) of motion pictures by Auguste and Louis Lumière.
• 1916 – The last Emperor of China, Yuan Shikai, abdicates the throne and the Republic of China is restored.
• 1923 – The first radio broadcast of ice hockey is made by Foster Hewitt.
• 1933 – President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signs into law a bill legalizing the sale of beer and wine.
• 1939 – World War II: Germany takes Memel from Lithuania.
• 1941 – Washington's Grand Coulee Dam begins to generate electricity.
• 1942 – World War II: In the Mediterranean Sea, Britain's Royal Navy confronts Italy's Regia Marina in the Second Battle of Sirte.
• 1943 – World War II: the entire population of Khatyn in Belarus is burnt alive by German occupation forces.
• 1945 – The Arab League is founded when a charter is adopted in Cairo, Egypt.
• 1954 – Closed since 1939, the London bullion market reopens.
• 1960 – Arthur Leonard Schawlow & Charles Hard Townes receive the first patent for a laser.
• 1975 – A fire at the Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant in Decatur, Alabama causes dangerous lowering of cooling water levels.
• 1978 – Karl Wallenda of the The Flying Wallendas dies after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
• 1982 – NASA's Space Shuttle Columbia, is launched from the Kennedy Space Centre on its third mission, STS-3.
• 1984 – Teachers at the McMartin preschool in Manhattan Beach, California are charged with satanic ritual abuse of the children in the school. The charges are later dropped as completely unfounded.
• 1989 – Clint Malarchuk of the Buffalo Sabres suffers a near-fatal injury when another player accidentally slits his throat.
• 1993 – The Intel Corporation ships the first Pentium chips (80586), featuring a 60 MHz clock speed, 100+ MIPS, and a 64 bit data path.
• 1995 – Cosmonaut Valeriy Polyakov returns after setting a record for 438 days in space.
• 1997 – Tara Lipinski, age 14 years and 10 months, becomes the youngest champion of the women's world figure skating competition.
• 1997 – The Comet Hale-Bopp has its closest approach to earth.
• 2004 – Ahmed Yassin, co-founder and leader of the Palestinian Sunni Islamist resistance group Hamas, two bodyguards, and nine civilian bystanders are killed in the Gaza Strip when hit by Israeli Air Force AH-64 Apache fired Hellfire missiles.
• 2006 – ETA, armed Basque separatist group, declares permanent ceasefire.
• 2006 – BC Ferries' M/V Queen of the North runs aground on Gil Island British Columbia and sinks; 101 on board, 2 presumed deaths.
• 2006 – Three Christian Peacemaker Teams Hostages are freed by British forces in Baghdad after 118 days captivity and the death of their colleague, American Tom Fox.
• 2009 – Mount Redoubt, a volcano in Alaska began erupting after a prolonged period of unrest.

Births

• 841 – Bernard Plantapilosa, Count of Auvergne (d. 885)
• 875 – William I, Duke of Aquitaine (d. 918)
• 1212 – Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan (d. 1235)
• 1366 – Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, English politician (d. 1399)
• 1459 – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1519)
• 1503 – Antonio Francesco Grazzini, Italian writer (d. 1583)
• 1599 – Anthony van Dyck, Flemish painter (d. 1641)
• 1609 – King John II Casimir of Poland (d. 1672)
• 1663 – August Hermann Francke, German Protestant minister (d. 1727)
• 1712 – Edward Moore, English writer (d. 1757)
• 1720 – Nicolas-Henri Jardin, French architect (d. 1799)
• 1723 – Charles Carroll, American statesman (d. 1783)
• 1759 – Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp, Queen of Sweden and Norway (d. 1818)
• 1797 – King Wilhelm I of Germany (d. 1888)
• 1812 – Stephen Pearl Andrews, American abolitionist (d. 1886)
• 1817 – Braxton Bragg, American Confederate general (d. 1876)
• 1818 – John Ainsworth Horrocks, English-born explorer of South Australia (d. 1846)
• 1852 – Otakar Ševčík, Czech violinist and violin teacher (d. 1934)
• 1857 – Paul Doumer, French President (d. 1932)
• 1860 – Alfred Ploetz, German physician (d. 1940)
• 1866 – Jack Boyle, American baseball player (d. 1913)
• 1868 – Robert Millikan, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1953)
• 1869 – Emilio Aguinaldo, first President of the Philippines (d. 1964)
• 1878 – Michel Théato, Luxembourgian athlete (d. 1919)
• 1880 – Ernie Quigley, Canadian-American sports official (d. 1960)
• 1885 – Aryeh Levin, Orthodox Jewish rabbi (d. 1969)
• 1887 – Chico Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1961)
• 1896 – He Long, Chinese marshal (d. 1969)
• 1901 – Greta Kempton, American artist (d. 1991)
• 1902 – Madeleine Milhaud, French actress (d. 2008)
• 1907 – James Gavin, American general and ambassador (d. 1990)
• 1907 – Lúcia Santos, Portuguese nun (d. 2005)
• 1908 – Jack Crawford, Australian tennis player (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Louis L'Amour, American author (d. 1988)
• 1909 – Gabrielle Roy, Canadian author (d. 1983)
• 1910 – Nicholas Monsarrat, British novelist (d. 1979)
• 1912 – Wilfrid Brambell, Irish actor (d. 1985)
• 1912 – Karl Malden, American actor (d. 2009)
• 1913 – Sabiha Gökçen, Turkish combat pilot (d. 2001)
• 1913 – Tom McCall, Governor of Oregon (d. 1983)
• 1913 – Lew Wasserman, American film studio executive (d. 2002)
• 1915 – Georgiy Zhzhonov, Russian actor and writer (d. 2005)
• 1917 – Virginia Grey, American actress (d. 2004)
• 1918 – Cheddi Jagan, President of Guyana (d. 1997)
• 1920 – Werner Klemperer, German-born actor (d. 2000)
• 1920 – Ross Martin, Polish-American actor (d. 1981)
• 1921 – Nino Manfredi, Italian actor (d. 2004)
• 1923 – Marcel Marceau, world renown French Mime (d. 2007)
• 1924 – Allen Neuharth, American businessman
• 1924 – Bill Wendell, American television announcer (d. 1999)
• 1928 – Carrie Donovan, American fashion editor (d. 2001)
• 1928 – E.D. Hirsch. American social commentator
• 1928 – Ed Macauley, American basketball player
• 1930 – Derek Bok, American lawyer and educator
• 1930 – Pat Robertson, American televangelist
• 1930 – Stephen Sondheim, American composer and lyricist
• 1931 – Burton Richter, American physicist, Nobel laureate
• 1931 – William Shatner, Canadian actor
• 1933 – Abolhassan Banisadr, former President of Iran
• 1933 – May Britt, Swedish actress
• 1934 – Orrin Hatch, American politician
• 1934 – Larry Martyn, English comedy actor (d. 1994)
• 1935 – M. Emmet Walsh, American actor
• 1936 – Ron Carey, American labor leader
• 1936 – Roger Whittaker, British singer
• 1937 – Angelo Badalamenti, American composer
• 1937 – Armin Hary, German athlete
• 1940 – Dave Keon, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1940 – Haing S. Ngor, Cambodian/American actor (d. 1996)
• 1941 – Jeremy Clyde, British actor and musician (Chad and Jeremy)
• 1941 – Billy Collins, American poet
• 1941 – Bruno Ganz, Swiss actor
• 1941 – Cassam Uteem, Mauritian political figure
• 1942 – Bernd Herzsprung, German actor
• 1942 – Jorge Ben Jor, Brazilian musician
• 1942 – Dick Pound, Canadian chairman of the World Anti-Doping Agency
• 1943 – George Benson, American musician
• 1943 – Keith Relf, English musician (The Yardbirds) (d. 1976)
• 1945 – Eric Roth, American screenwriter
• 1946 – Don Chaney, American basketball player and head coach
• 1946 – Rudy Rucker, American author
• 1947 – James Patterson, American author
• 1948 – Wolf Blitzer, American television journalist
• 1948 – Andrew Lloyd Webber, English theatre composer
• 1949 – Fanny Ardant, French actress
• 1950 – Jocky Wilson, Scottish darts player
• 1952 – Bob Costas, American sports commentator
• 1952 – Jay Dee Daugherty, American drummer
• 1955 – Pete Sessions, American politician
• 1955 – Lena Olin, Swedish actress
• 1955 – Valdis Zatlers, 7th President of Latvia
• 1956 – Generosa Ammon, widow of Ted Ammon (d. 2003)
• 1957 – Stephanie Mills, American actress and singer
• 1958 – Laurie David, American political activist
• 1958 – Pete Wylie, British singer/songwriter
• 1959 – Carlton Cuse, Mexican-born American TV writer and executive
• 1959 – Matthew Modine, American actor
• 1959 – Avraham Fried, Orthodox Jewish Musician
• 1965 – John Kordic, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1992)
• 1965 – Emma Wray, English actress
• 1966 – Artis Pabriks, Latvian politician
• 1966 – Brian Shaw, American basketball player
• 1967 – Mario Cipollini, Italian cyclist
• 1968 – Euronymous, Norwegian black metal musician (d. 1993)
• 1970 – Andreas Johnson, Swedish singer
• 1970 – Leontien van Moorsel, Dutch cyclist
• 1971 – Will Yun Lee, American actor
• 1971 – Iben Hjejle, Danish actress
• 1972 – Shawn Bradley, American basketball player
• 1972 – Cory Lidle, American baseball player (d. 2006)
• 1972 – Elvis Stojko, Canadian figure skater
• 1973 – Beverley Knight, English singer
• 1973 – Joe Nedney, American football player
• 1973 – Sean Marshall
• 1974 – Marcus Camby, American basketball player
• 1974 – Philippe Clement, Belgian footballer
• 1974 – Kidada Jones, American actress
• 1975 – Cole Hauser, American actor
• 1975 – Jiří Novák, Czech tennis player
• 1976 – Teun de Nooijer, Dutch field hockey player
• 1976 – Reese Witherspoon, American actress
• 1976 – Kellie Shanygne Williams, American actress
• 1977 – Joey Porter, American football player
• 1977 – Jean Mckay, Carpenter, Mother
• 1978 – Tom Poti, American ice hockey player
• 1979 – Aaron North, American musician
• 1979 – Juan Uribe, Dominican baseball player
• 1980 – Shannon Bex, American singer (Danity Kane)
• 1980 – Pamela O'Connor, Scottish ice dancer
• 1981 – Victoria Lanz, Venezuelan porn star
• 1983 – Dagoberto, Brazilian footballer
• 1985 – Mike Jenkins, American football player
• 1988 – Tania Raymonde, American actress

Deaths

• 1322 – Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, English politician (b. 1278)
• 1418 – Dietrich of Nieheim, German historian
• 1421 – Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, second son of Henry IV of England (killed in battle) (b. 1388)
• 1544 – Johannes Magnus, last Catholic Archbishop of Sweden (b. 1488)
• 1602 – Agostino Carracci, Italian artist (b. 1557)
• 1685 – Emperor Go-Sai of Japan (b. 1638)
• 1687 – Jean Baptiste Lully, Italian-born French composer (b. 1632)
• 1758 – Jonathan Edwards, American minister (b. 1703)
• 1758 – Richard Leveridge, English bass and composer (b. 1670)
• 1772 – John Canton, English physicist (b. 1718)
• 1820 – Stephen Decatur, American naval officer (b. 1779)
• 1832 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German writer (b. 1749)
• 1840 – Étienne Bobillier, French mathematician (b. 1798)
• 1896 – Thomas Hughes, English novelist (b. 1822)
• 1913 – Sung Chiao-jen, Chinese Nationalist (b. 1882)
• 1924 – William Macewen, Scottish surgeon (b. 1848)
• 1934 – Theophilos Hatzimihail, Greek painter (b. 1870)
• 1945 – John Hessin Clarke, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1857)
• 1951 – Willem Mengelberg, Dutch conductor (b. 1871)
• 1952 – Uncle Dave Macon, American musician (b. 1870)
• 1955 – Ivan Šubašić, Kingdom of Yugoslavia prime minister and last ban of Croatia (b. 1892)
• 1958 – Mike Todd, American film producer (b. 1909)
• 1960 – José Antonio Aguirre, Basque politician (b. 1904)
• 1966 – John Harlin, American mountaineer (b. 1935)
• 1974 – Peter Revson, American racecar driver (b. 1939)
• 1977 – A.K. Gopalan, Indian communist leader (b. 1904)
• 1978 – Karl Wallenda, German acrobat (b. 1905)
• 1981 – James "Jumbo" Elliott, American track coach (b. 1915)
• 1986 – Mark Dinning, American singer (b. 1933)
• 1986 – Charles Starrett, American actor (b. 1903)
• 1986 – Olive Deering, American actress (b. 1918)
• 1990 – Gerald Bull, Canadian engineer (b. 1928)
• 1991 – Léon Balcer, French Canadian politician (b. 1917)
• 1991 – Dave Guard, American folk singer (The Kingston Trio) (b. 1934)
• 1991 – Gloria Holden, American film actress (b. 1908)
• 1993 – Steve Olin, American baseball player (b. 1965)
• 1994 – Dan Hartman, American musician, songwriter, and record producer (b. 1950)
• 1994 – Walter Lantz, American cartoonist (b. 1900)
• 1996 – Don Murray, American musician (The Turtles) (b. 1945)
• 1996 – Billy Williamson, American musician (Bill Haley & His Comets) (b. 1925)
• 1999 – David Strickland, American actor (b. 1969)
• 2001 – Sabiha Gökçen, Turkish combat pilot (b. 1913)
• 2001 – William Hanna, American animator and studio founder (b. 1910)
• 2003 – Terry Lloyd, English reporter (b. 1952)
• 2004 – Ahmed Yassin, Palestinian co-founder of Hamas (b. c. 1937)
• 2005 – Kenzo Tange, Japanese architect (b. 1913)
• 2006 – Pierre Clostermann, French World War II pilot (b. 1921)
• 2006 – Kurt von Trojan, Australian science fiction author (b. 1937)
• 2006 – Lawrence Stephen, Nauruan politician (b. 1939)
• 2007 – Uppaluri Gopala Krishnamurti, Indian philosopher (b. 1918)
• 2008 – Cachao López, Cuban mambo musician (b. 1918)
• 2009 – Leon Walker, Wakefield Wildcats Rugby Player (b. 1988)
• 2009 – Jade Goody, Reality TV Star and Entrepreneur

Holidays and observances

• The fourth day of Quinquatria in ancient Rome, held in honor of Minerva.
• World Water Day.
• In the Gregorian Calendar 22 March is the earliest date on which Easter Sunday can fall (25 April is the latest)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: March 22

• On this day in Canada
• The New York Times: On This Day
• BBC: On This Day