March 22

March 22 is the 81st day of the year (82nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 284 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 238 – Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman Emperors.
• 1621 – The Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony sign a peace treaty with Massasoit of the Wampanoags.
• 1622 – Jamestown massacre: Algonquian Indians kill 347 English settlers around Jamestown, Virginia, a third of the colony's population.
• 1630 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony outlaws the possession of cards, dice, and gaming tables.
• 1638 – Anne Hutchinson is expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony for religious dissent.
• 1739 – Nadir Shah occupies Delhi in India and sacks the city, stealing the jewels of the Peacock Throne.
• 1765 – The British Parliament passes the Stamp Act that introduces a tax to be levied directly on its American colonies.
• 1784 – The Emerald Buddha is moved with great ceremony to its current location in Wat Phra Kaew, Thailand.
• 1829 – The three protecting powers (United Kingdom, France and Russia) establish the borders of Greece.
• 1849 – The Austrians defeat the Piedmontese at the Battle of Novara.
• 1871 – In North Carolina, William Woods Holden becomes the first governor of a U.S. state to be removed from office by impeachment.
• 1873 – A law is approved by the Spanish National Assembly in Puerto Rico to abolish slavery.
• 1888 – In England, The Football League, the world's oldest professional Association Football league, is founded.
• 1894 – The first playoff game for the Stanley Cup starts.
• 1906 – First Anglo-French rugby union match at Parc des Princes in Paris
• 1916 – The last Emperor of China, Yuan Shikai, abdicates the throne and the Republic of China is restored.
• 1920 – Azeri and Turkish army soldiers with participation of Kurdish gangs attacked the Armenian inhabitants of Shushi (Nagorno Karabakh).
• 1923 – The first radio broadcast of ice hockey is made by Foster Hewitt.
• 1939 – World War II: Germany takes Memel from Lithuania.
• 1942 – World War II: In the Mediterranean Sea, the Royal Navy confronts Italy's Regia Marina in the Second Battle of Sirte.
• 1943 – World War II: the entire population of Khatyn in Belarus is burnt alive by German occupation forces.
• 1945 – The Arab League is founded when a charter is adopted in Cairo, Egypt.
• 1954 – Closed since 1939, the London bullion market reopens.
• 1960 – Arthur Leonard Schawlow and Charles Hard Townes receive the first patent for a laser
• 1972 – The United States Congress sends the Equal Rights Amendment to the states for ratification.
• 1972 – Eisenstadt v. Baird decision by the United States Supreme Court allows unmarried persons the right to contraceptives
• 1975 – A fire at the Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant in Decatur, Alabama causes a dangerous reduction in cooling water levels.
• 1978 – Karl Wallenda of The Flying Wallendas dies after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
• 1982 – NASA's Space Shuttle Columbia, is launched from the Kennedy Space Center on its third mission, STS-3.
• 1984 – Teachers at the McMartin preschool in Manhattan Beach, California are charged with satanic ritual abuse of the children in the school. The charges are later dropped as completely unfounded.
• 1989 – Clint Malarchuk of the Buffalo Sabres suffers a near-fatal injury when another player accidentally slits his throat.
• 1992 – USAir Flight 405 crashes shortly after liftoff from New York City's LaGuardia Airport, leading to a number of studies into the effect that ice has on aircraft.
• 1993 – The Intel Corporation ships the first Pentium chips (80586), featuring a 60 MHz clock speed, 100+ MIPS, and a 64 bit data path.
• 1995 – Cosmonaut Valeriy Polyakov returns to earth after setting a record of 438 days in space.
• 1997 – Tara Lipinski, age 14 years and 10 months, becomes the youngest champion women's World Figure Skating Champion.
• 1997 – The Comet Hale-Bopp has its closest approach to Earth.
• 2004 – Ahmed Yassin, co-founder and leader of the Palestinian Sunni Islamist group Hamas, two bodyguards, and nine civilian bystanders are killed in the Gaza Strip when hit by Israeli Air Force AH-64 Apache fired Hellfire missiles.
• 2006 – ETA, the armed Basque separatist group, declares a permanent ceasefire.
• 2006 – Three Christian Peacemaker Team hostages are freed by British forces in Baghdad after 118 days of captivity and the murder of their colleague, American Tom Fox.

Births

• 841 – Bernard Plantapilosa, Count of Auvergne (d. 885)
• 875 – William I, Duke of Aquitaine (d. 918)
• 1212 – Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan (d. 1235)
• 1366 – Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, English politician (d. 1399)
• 1459 – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1519)
• 1503 – Antonio Francesco Grazzini, Italian writer (d. 1583)
• 1599 – Anthony van Dyck, Flemish painter (d. 1641)
• 1609 – King John II Casimir of Poland (d. 1672)
• 1663 – August Hermann Francke, German Protestant minister (d. 1727)
• 1684 – William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath, English politician (d. 1764)
• 1712 – Edward Moore, English writer (d. 1757)
• 1728 – Anton Raphael Mengs, German painter (d. 1779)
• 1720 – Nicolas-Henri Jardin, French architect (d. 1799)
• 1723 – Charles Carroll, American statesman (d. 1783)
• 1759 – Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp, Queen of Sweden and Norway (d. 1818)
• 1797 – William I, German Emperor (d. 1888)
• 1808 – David Swinson Maynard, American frontiersman and physician (d. 1873)
• 1812 – Stephen Pearl Andrews, American abolitionist (d. 1886)
• 1814 – Thomas Crawford, American sculptor (d. 1857)
• 1817 – Braxton Bragg, American Confederate general (d. 1876)
• 1818 – John Ainsworth Horrocks, English explorer of South Australia (d. 1846)
• 1846 – Randolph Caldecott, British artist and illustrator (d. 1886)
• 1852 – Otakar Ševčík, Czech violinist and violin teacher (d. 1934)
• 1857 – Paul Doumer, French President (d. 1932)
• 1860 – Alfred Ploetz, German physician (d. 1940)
• 1866 – Jack Boyle, American baseball player (d. 1913)
• 1868 – Robert Millikan, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1953)
• 1869 – Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipino statesman (d. 1964)
• 1878 – Michel Théato, Luxembourgian athlete (d. 1919)
• 1880 – Ernie Quigley, Canadian-born American sports official (d. 1960)
• 1884 – Arthur Vandenberg, United States Senator from Michigan (d. 1951)
• 1885 – Aryeh Levin, Lithuanian rabbi (d. 1969)
• 1887 – Chico Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1961)
• 1896 – He Long, Chinese marshal (d. 1969)
• 1896 – Joseph Schildkraut, Austrian-born American actor (d. 1964)
• 1899 – Ruth Page, American ballet dancer and choreographer (d. 1991)
• 1901 – Greta Kempton, American artist (d. 1991)
• 1902 – Johannes Brinkman, Dutch architect (d. 1949)
• 1902 – Madeleine Milhaud, French actress (d. 2008)
• 1903 – Bill Holman, American cartoonist (d. 1987)
• 1907 – James Gavin, American general and ambassador (d. 1990)
• 1907 – Lúcia Santos, Portuguese nun and mystic (d. 2005)
• 1908 – Jack Crawford, Australian tennis player (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Louis L'Amour, American author (d. 1988)
• 1909 – Gabrielle Roy, Canadian author (d. 1983)
• 1910 – Nicholas Monsarrat, British novelist (d. 1979)
• 1912 – Wilfrid Brambell, Irish actor (d. 1985)
• 1912 – Karl Malden, American actor (d. 2009)
• 1913 – Sabiha Gökçen, Turkish combat pilot (d. 2001)
• 1913 – Tom McCall, American politician and journalist, 30th Governor of Oregon (d. 1983)
• 1913 – Lew Wasserman, American film studio executive (d. 2002)
• 1915 – Georgiy Zhzhonov, Russian actor and writer (d. 2005)
• 1917 – Virginia Grey, American actress (d. 2004)
• 1917 – Irving Kaplansky, American mathematician (d. 2006)
• 1918 – Cheddi Jagan, Guyanan politician (d. 1997)
• 1920 – James Brown, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1920 – Werner Klemperer, German actor (d. 2000)
• 1920 – Ross Martin, Polish-American actor (d. 1981)
• 1920 – Lloyd MacPhail, Canadian politician (d. 1995)
• 1921 – Nino Manfredi, Italian actor (d. 2004)
• 1923 – Marcel Marceau, French mime artist (d. 2007)
• 1924 – Al Neuharth, American businessman, author, and columnist, founder of USA Today
• 1924 – Bill Wendell, American television announcer (d. 1999)
• 1925 – Gilles Pelletier, Canadian actor
• 1928 – Carrie Donovan, American fashion editor (d. 2001)
• 1928 – E.D. Hirsch. American social commentator
• 1928 – Ed Macauley, American basketball player (d. 2011)
• 1929 – Yayoi Kusama, Japanese artist
• 1930 – Derek Bok, American lawyer and educator
• 1930 – Pat Robertson, American media mogul and religious televangelist
• 1930 – Stephen Sondheim, American composer and lyricist
• 1931 – Burton Richter, American physicist, Nobel laureate
• 1931 – William Shatner, Canadian actor
• 1932 – Larry Evans, American chess grandmaster and journalist (d. 2010)
• 1933 – Abolhassan Banisadr, Iranian politician
• 1933 – May Britt, Swedish actress
• 1934 – Orrin Hatch, American politician
• 1934 – Larry Martyn, English actor (d. 1994)
• 1935 – Frank Pulli, American baseball umpire
• 1935 – M. Emmet Walsh, American actor
• 1936 – Ron Carey, American labor leader (d. 2008)
• 1936 – Roger Whittaker, British singer
• 1937 – Angelo Badalamenti, American composer
• 1937 – Armin Hary, German athlete
• 1940 – Dave Keon, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1940 – Haing S. Ngor, Cambodian-American physician, actor and author (d. 1996)
• 1941 – Jeremy Clyde, British actor and musician (Chad and Jeremy)
• 1941 – Billy Collins, American poet
• 1941 – Bruno Ganz, Swiss actor
• 1941 – Cassam Uteem, Mauritian political figure
• 1942 – Bernd Herzsprung, German actor
• 1942 – Jorge Ben Jor, Brazilian singer-songwriter
• 1942 – Dick Pound, Canadian sports executive
• 1943 – George Benson, American jazz musician
• 1943 – Keith Relf, English musician (The Yardbirds, Renaissance, and Armaggedon) (d. 1976)
• 1945 – Eric Roth, American screenwriter
• 1946 – Don Chaney, American basketball player and coach
• 1946 – Rivka Golani, Israeli violist
• 1946 – Rudy Rucker, American author
• 1947 – James Patterson, American author
• 1948 – Wolf Blitzer, American journalist
• 1948 – Randy Jo Hobbs, American musician (The McCoys and Montrose) (d. 1993)
• 1948 – Andrew Lloyd Webber, English musical theatre composer
• 1949 – Fanny Ardant, French actress
• 1949 – Brian Hanrahan, English journalist and broadcaster (d.2010)
• 1950 – Jocky Wilson, Scottish darts player
• 1952 – Bob Costas, American sports commentator
• 1952 – Jay Dee Daugherty, American drummer and songwriter (The Church)
• 1955 – James House, American singer-songwriter
• 1955 – Lena Olin, Swedish actress
• 1955 – Pete Sessions, American politician
• 1955 – Valdis Zatlers, Latvian politician
• 1956 – Generosa Ammon, American murder suspect (d. 2003)
• 1957 – Jürgen Bucher, German footballer
• 1957 – Stephanie Mills, American actress and singer
• 1958 – Laurie David, American political activist
• 1958 – Pete Wylie, British singer-songwriter (Crucial Three and The Spitfire Boys)
• 1959 – Carlton Cuse, Mexican-American TV writer and executive
• 1959 – Avraham Fried, American singer-songwriter
• 1959 – Matthew Modine, American actor
• 1965 – John Kordic, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1992)
• 1965 – Emma Wray, English actress
• 1966 – Todd Ewen, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1966 – Artis Pabriks, Latvian politician
• 1966 – Brian Shaw, American basketball player
• 1967 – Mario Cipollini, Italian cyclist
• 1967 – Bernie Gallacher, British footballer (d. 2011)
• 1968 – Euronymous (Øystein Aarseth), Norwegian guitarist (Mayhem) (d. 1993)
• 1970 – Andreas Johnson, Swedish singer
• 1970 – Leontien van Moorsel, Dutch cyclist
• 1971 – Iben Hjejle, Danish actress
• 1971 – Will Yun Lee, American actor
• 1972 – Shawn Bradley, American basketball player
• 1972 – Cory Lidle, American baseball player (d. 2006)
• 1972 – Elvis Stojko, Canadian figure skater
• 1973 – Beverley Knight, English singer
• 1973 – Joe Nedney, American football player
• 1974 – Marcus Camby, American basketball player
• 1974 – Philippe Clement, Belgian footballer
• 1974 – Kidada Jones, American actress
• 1974 – Gert Peens, South African-born Italian rugby player
• 1975 – Anne Dudek, American actress
• 1975 – Jason Fletcher, American sports agent
• 1975 – Cole Hauser, American actor
• 1975 – Jiří Novák, Czech tennis player
• 1976 – Kathryn Jean Lopez, American columnist and editor
• 1976 – Teun de Nooijer, Dutch field hockey player
• 1976 – Kellie Shanygne Williams, American actress
• 1976 – Reese Witherspoon, American actress and film producer
• 1977 – John Otto, American musician (Limp Bizkit)
• 1977 – Joey Porter, American football player
• 1977 – Tom Poti, American ice hockey player
• 1979 – Aaron North, American musician (Jubilee and The Icarus Line)
• 1979 – Juan Uribe, Dominican baseball player
• 1980 – Shannon Bex, American singer (Danity Kane)
• 1980 – Pamela O'Connor, Scottish ice dancer
• 1981 – Mims (Shawn Mims), American rapper
• 1982 – Michael Janyk, Canadian alpine skier
• 1984 – Piotr Trochowski, German footballer
• 1985 – Mayola Biboko, Belgian footballer
• 1985 – Jakob Fuglsang, Danish cyclist
• 1985 – Mike Jenkins, American football player
• 1985 – Justin Masterson, American baseball player
• 1986 – Jeon Boram, South Korean singer, actress (T-ara)
• 1986 – David Choi, Korean-American singer-songwriter and video producer
• 1987 – Ike Davis, American baseball player
• 1988 – Tania Raymonde, American actress
• 1989 – Ben King, American cyclist
• 1989 – Ruben Popa, Romanian footballer
• 1990 – Lisa Mitchell, Australian singer-songwriter
• 1995 – Nick Robinson, American actor

Deaths

• 1322 – Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, English politician (b. 1278)
• 1418 – Dietrich of Nieheim, German historian
• 1421 – Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, second son of Henry IV of England (b. 1388)
• 1471– George of Podebrady, King of Bohemia (b. 1420)
• 1544 – Johannes Magnus, last Catholic Archbishop of Sweden (b. 1488)
• 1602 – Agostino Carracci, Italian artist (b. 1557)
• 1685 – Emperor Go-Sai of Japan (b. 1638)
• 1687 – Jean-Baptiste Lully, Italian-born French composer (b. 1632)
• 1758 – Jonathan Edwards, American minister (b. 1703)
• 1758 – Richard Leveridge, English bass singer and composer (b. 1670)
• 1772 – John Canton, English physicist (b. 1718)
• 1820 – Stephen Decatur, American naval officer (b. 1779)
• 1832 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German writer (b. 1749)
• 1840 – Étienne Bobillier, French mathematician (b. 1798)
• 1896 – Thomas Hughes, English novelist (b. 1822)
• 1913 – Sung Chiao-jen, Chinese Nationalist (b. 1882)
• 1924 – William Macewen, Scottish surgeon (b. 1848)
• 1934 – Theophilos Hatzimihail, Greek painter (b. 1870)
• 1945 – John Hessin Clarke, American lawyer and judge, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1857)
• 1952 – Uncle Dave Macon, American musician (b. 1870)
• 1955 – Ivan Šubašić, Croatian-Yugoslav politician, Kingdom of Yugoslavia prime minister and last ban of Croatia (b. 1892)
• 1958 – Mike Todd, American film producer (b. 1909)
• 1960 – José Antonio Aguirre, Basque politician (b. 1904)
• 1966 – John Harlin, American mountaineer (b. 1935)
• 1971 – Hanuman Prasad Poddar Indian Author (b.1892)
• 1974 – Peter Revson, American racecar driver (b. 1939)
• 1977 – A.K. Gopalan, Indian communist leader (b. 1904)
• 1978 – Karl Wallenda, German acrobat (b. 1905)
• 1981 – James "Jumbo" Elliott, American track coach (b. 1915)
• 1986 – Olive Deering, American actress (b. 1918)
• 1986 – Mark Dinning, American singer (b. 1933)
• 1986 – Charles Starrett, American actor (b. 1903)
• 1987 – Odysseas Angelis, Greek officer involved in the coup of April 1967 (b. 1912)
• 1990 – Gerald Bull, Canadian engineer (b. 1928)
• 1991 – Léon Balcer, Canadian politician (b. 1917)
• 1991 – Dave Guard, American folk singer (The Kingston Trio) (b. 1934)
• 1991 – Gloria Holden, American actress (b. 1908)
• 1993 – Steve Olin, American baseball player (b. 1965)
• 1994 – Dan Hartman, American singer, songwriter, and record producer (b. 1950)
• 1994 – Walter Lantz, American cartoonist (b. 1900)
• 1996 – Don Murray, American drummer (The Turtles) (b. 1945)
• 1996 – Billy Williamson, American musician (Bill Haley & His Comets) (b. 1925)
• 1999 – Max Beloff, British historian (b. 1913)
• 1999 – David Strickland, American actor (b. 1969)
• 2001 – Sabiha Gökçen, Turkish combat pilot (b. 1913)
• 2001 – William Hanna, American animator (b. 1910)
• 2001 – Robert Fletcher Shaw, Canadian civil servant, deputy commissioner general of the Expo 67 (b. 1910)
• 2002 – Rudolf Baumgartner, Swiss conductor and violinist (b. 1917)
• 2003 – Terry Lloyd, English reporter (b. 1952)
• 2004 – Ahmed Yassin, Palestinian co-founder of Hamas (b. c. 1937)
• 2005 – Kenzo Tange, Japanese architect (b. 1913)
• 2006 – Pierre Clostermann, French World War II pilot (b. 1921)
• 2006 – Lawrence Stephen, Nauruan politician (b. 1939)
• 2006 – Kurt von Trojan, Australian author (b. 1937)
• 2007 – Uppaluri Gopala Krishnamurti, Indian philosopher (b. 1918)
• 2008 – Cachao López, Cuban mambo musician and composer (b. 1918)
• 2009 – Jade Goody, British reality show contestant on Big Brother (b. 1981)
• 2009 – Leon Walker, British rugby player (b. 1988)
• 2010 – James W. Black, Scottish Nobel Prize-winning doctor and medical research scientist (b. 1924)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Saint Lea
  • Darerca of Ireland
  • Epaphroditus
  • Paul of Narbonne
  • Nicholas Owen
  • Basil of Ancyra (Roman Catholic Church)
  • March 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Earliest day on which Earth Hour can fall, while March 31 is the latest; celebrated on the last Saturday in March. (International)
• Earliest day on which Easter Sunday can fall, while April 25 is the latest. (Christianity)
• Emancipation Day or Día de la Abolición de la Esclavitud (Puerto Rico)
• World Day for Water (International)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: March 22

• On this day in Canada
• The New York Times: On This Day
• BBC: On This Day