Marilyn Ramenofsky

Olympic medal record
Women's swimming
Competitor for the  United States
Silver	1964 Tokyo	400 m freestyle
Maccabiah Games
Gold	1961 Israel	400 m freestyle relay
Gold	1965 Israel	200 m freestyle
Gold	1965 Israel	400 m freestyle
Bronze	1961 Israel	400 m freestyle

Marilyn Ramenofsky (born August 20, 1946, in Phoenix, Arizona) was an American freestyle swimmer.^[1] She is currently a researcher at the University of California at Davis, studying the physiology and behavior of bird migration. She has previously done research at the University of Washington in Seattle.

Swimming career

Ramenofsky was named to the 1962, 1963, and 1964 All-America Women’s Amateur Athletic Union Swimming Teams.^[1] International Swimming Hall of Fame national director Buck Dawson wrote: "[Ramenofsky] was the first female to swim a perfect freestyle stroke."^[2]

World records

Ramenofsky established the world record for the 400-meter freestyle three times in 1964, including the U.S. Olympic Swimming Trials, reducing the record to 4:39.5.^[1][3]

American record

She also established the U.S. record in the 220-yard freestyle in 1964, at 2:17.3.^[1]

Olympics

She won a silver medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics, in the 400-meter freestyle, breaking the Olympic record with a time of 4:47.7.^[1][4][5]

Maccabiah Games

At the 1961 Maccabiah Games she won a gold medal in the 400-meter freestyle relay and a bronze in the 400-meter freestyle. At the 1965 Maccabiah Games she won gold medals in both the 200-meter and 400-meter freestyles.^[1]

International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame

Ramenofsky, who is Jewish, was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1988.^{[1][4][6][5][7]}

Bird migration

Ramenofsky has published numerous peer reviewed articles on the physiology and behavior of migratory birds, most notably the White-crowned Sparrow.^[8][9] Much of her research has focused on how glucocorticoids may orchestrate the suite of life history changes associated with bird migration. She now works at UC Davis studying the migration of birds, and changes in their muscle physiology during stages of migration.

See also

• List of select Jewish swimmers

External links

• Jewish Sports bio
• Jewish Sports bio
• University of Washington Profile

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} Joseph Siegman. Jewish sports legends: the International Jewish Hall of Fame. http://books.google.com/books?id=oZxnNt28DhcC&pg=PA153&dq=Marilyn+Ramenofsky+jewish&hl=en&ei=PJp-TaPUIISosAOazoyGBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Marilyn%20Ramenofsky%20jewish&f=false. Retrieved March 15, 2011. 
2. ^ Peter S. Horvitz. The Big Book of Jewish Sports Heros; An Illustrated Compendium of Sports History and The 150 Greatest Jewish Sports Stars. http://books.google.com/books?id=dDyEVDIA3aIC&pg=PA155&dq=Marilyn+Ramenofsky+jewish&hl=en&ei=PJp-TaPUIISosAOazoyGBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Marilyn%20Ramenofsky%20jewish&f=false. Retrieved March 15, 2011. 
3. ^ Paul Taylor. Jews and the Olympic Games: the clash between sport and politics : with a complete review of Jewish Olympic medallists. http://books.google.com/books?id=t0KzECrIQDQC&pg=PA240&dq=Marilyn+Ramenofsky+jewish&hl=en&ei=Alh_TdeSDo6usAOFh7GVBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CEUQ6AEwCDgK#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved March 15, 2011. 
4. ^ ^{a b} David J. Goldman. Jewish Sports Stars: Athletic Heroes Past and Present. http://books.google.com/books?id=NACkGVm3C3wC&pg=PA61&dq=Marilyn+Ramenofsky+jewish&hl=en&ei=PJp-TaPUIISosAOazoyGBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Marilyn%20Ramenofsky%20jewish&f=false. Retrieved March 15, 2011. 
5. ^ ^{a b} Barry Cohen (January 5, 2001). "AJHS honors state's Jewish athletes". Jewishaz.com. http://www.jewishaz.com/jewishnews/010105/athletes.shtml. Retrieved March 15, 2011. 
6. ^ Bob Wechsler. Day by day in Jewish sports history. http://books.google.com/books?id=aOTWUl-9LQoC&pg=PA214&dq=Marilyn+Ramenofsky+jewish&hl=en&ei=PJp-TaPUIISosAOazoyGBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=ramenofsky&f=false. Retrieved March 15, 2011. 
7. ^ "Jewish Athletes Honored in Hall of Fame"
8. ^ For Migrating Sparrows, Kids Have A Compass, But Adults Have The Map. ScienceDaily. November 10, 2007. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/11/071105180008.htm. Retrieved March 15, 2011. 
9. ^ http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/02/070201082430.htm

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