Mark Spitz

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Mark Spitz

Spitz in July 2008.
Personal information
Full name	Mark Andrew Spitz
Nickname(s)	Mark The Shark
Nationality	United States
Stroke(s)	freestyle, butterfly
College team	Indiana Hoosiers (1968-1972)
Date of birth	February 10, 1950 (1950-02-10) (age 59)
Height	6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)
Medal record Men’s swimming Competitor for  United States Olympic Games Gold 1972 Munich 100 m butterfly Gold 1972 Munich 100 m freestyle Gold 1972 Munich 200 m butterfly Gold 1972 Munich 200 m freestyle Gold 1972 Munich 4x100 m freestyle Gold 1972 Munich 4x100 m medley Gold 1972 Munich 4x200 m freestyle Gold 1968 Mexico City 4x100 m freestyle Gold 1968 Mexico City 4x200 m freestyle Silver 1968 Mexico City 100 m butterfly Bronze 1968 Mexico City 100 m freestyle Pan American Games Gold 1967 Winnipeg Swimming Gold 1967 Winnipeg Swimming Gold 1967 Winnipeg Swimming Gold 1967 Winnipeg Swimming Gold 1967 Winnipeg Swimming Maccabiah Games Gold 1965 Israel Swimming Gold 1965 Israel Swimming Gold 1965 Israel Swimming Gold 1965 Israel Swimming Gold 1969 Israel Swimming Gold 1969 Israel Swimming Gold 1969 Israel Swimming Gold 1969 Israel Swimming Gold 1969 Israel Swimming Gold 1969 Israel Swimming

Mark Andrew Spitz (born 10 February 1950) is a retired American swimmer. He won seven gold medals at the 1972 Munich Olympic Games, an achievement surpassed only by Michael Phelps who won eight golds at the 2008 Olympics. Between 1968 and 1972, Spitz won nine Olympic golds plus a silver and a bronze, five Pan American golds, 31 US Amateur Athletic Union titles and eight US National Collegiate Athletic Association titles. During those years, he set 33 world records.^[1] He was named World Swimmer of the Year in 1969, 1971 and 1972.

Early life

Spitz was born to a Jewish family in Modesto, California, the first of three children^[2] of Arnold and Lenore Smith Spitz. When he was two years old, Spitz's family moved to Hawaii where he swam at Waikiki Beach every day. "You should have seen that little boy dash into the ocean. He'd run like he was trying to commit suicide." Lenore Spitz told a reporter for TIME (April 12, 1968).^[2] At age six his family returned to Sacramento, California, and he began to compete at his local swim club. At age nine, he was training at Arden Hills Swim Club in Sacramento with Sherm Chavoor, the swimming coach who mentored him and six other Olympic medal winners.

Before he was 10, Spitz held 17 national age-group records, and one world record. At 14, his family moved to Santa Clara so Spitz could train with George F. Haines of the Santa Clara Swim Club. From 1964 to 1968 Mark trained with Haines at SCSC and Santa Clara High School. During his four years there, Mark held national high school records in every stroke and in every distance^{[citation needed]}. It was a remarkable and unprecedented achievement. In 1966, at 16, he won the 100 meter butterfly at the National AAU Championships, the first of his 24 AAU titles. The following year, 1967 Mark set his first world record at a small California meet, in the 400 meter freestyle, with a time of 4:10.60, and emerged on the world swimming stage.^[3]

Maccabiah Games

The 1965 Maccabiah Games was his first international competition. At the age of 15, in Tel Aviv, Spitz won four gold medals and was named the most outstanding athlete.^[2]

He returned to Israel in 1969, following the Mexico Olympics, to again compete in the Maccabiah. This time he won six gold medals.^[4] He was again named outstanding athlete of the Games.^[5]

In 1985, Spitz lit a torch to open the Maccabiah games.^[6]

In 2005, he was a member of the U.S. delegation at the 17th Maccabiah Games.

In 2005, he spoke at the JCC Maccabi Games Opening Ceremonies, which was held in Richmond, Virginia. The Weinstein JCC in Richmond was one of the Host JCC's for the 2005 games with over 1,000 teenagers participating in various sports, including swimming.

Pan American Games

In 1967, he won five gold medals at the V Pan American Games in Winnipeg, thereby setting a record not surpassed for 40 years until Brazilian swimmer Thiago Pereira won six golds at the XV Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro in 2007.

1968 Olympics

Holder of 10 world records already^{[citation needed]}, Spitz predicted brashly he would win six golds at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. However, he won only two team golds: the 4 x 100 meter freestyle in 3:31:70, and the 4 x 200 meter freestyle relay in 7:52:33. In addition, Spitz finished 2nd in the 100 m butterfly in 00:56:40. In this event he was beaten by fellow American Doug Russell by 1/2 a second, despite holding the world record and having beaten Russell in the previous 10 times they had swum against each other in that year.^[7] Russell did briefly match Spitz's world record in late August 1967, holding the world record equally with Spitz for five days before Spitz regained it solely on October 2, 1967. As a result of being beaten by Russell, Spitz did not get to swim in the 4 x 100 meter Medley Relay which gave Russell his second Gold medal and the USA team another World Record swim.

College training

Disappointed in his 1968 Olympic performance, Spitz entered Indiana University to train with legendary coach Doc Counsilman, who was also his coach in Mexico City. While at IU, Spitz won 8 individual NCAA titles. In 1971, he won the James E. Sullivan Award as the top amateur athlete in the United States. Spitz also set a number of world records during the U.S. Olympic Swim Trials held in Chicago's Portage Park in 1972.

He was nicknamed "Mark the Shark" by his teammates.

1972 Olympics

At the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich (West Germany), Spitz was back to maintain his bid for the six gold medals. He did even more, winning seven Olympic gold medals. Further, Spitz set a new world record in each of the seven events (the 100 m freestyle [00:51:22], 200 m freestyle [01:52:78], 100 m butterfly [00:54:27], 200 m butterfly [02:00:70], 4 x 100 m freestyle relay [03:26:42], 4 x 200 m freestyle relay [07:35:78] and the 4 x 100 m medley relay [03:48:16]). Originally Spitz was reluctant to swim the 100m freestyle fearing a less than gold medal finish. Minutes before the race he confessed on the pool deck to ABC's Donna de Varona, "I know I say I don't want to swim before every event but this time I'm serious. If I swim six and win six, I'll be a hero. If I swim seven and win six, I'll be a failure." Spitz won by half a stroke in a world-record 51.22.^[8]

Jacket worn by Mark Spitz during the 1972 Summer Olympics.

Spitz is one of five Olympians to win nine or more career gold medals: Larissa Latynina, Paavo Nurmi and Carl Lewis also have nine;^[9] only swimmer Michael Phelps has won more with 14. Spitz's record of seven gold medals in a single Olympics was not surpassed until Michael Phelps at the 2008 Beijing Olympics.

Spitz was evacuated from Munich when 11 athletes and officials from Israel's Olympic team were kidnapped and later killed by Palestinian terrorists. Officials were worried that Spitz might be targeted because of his Jewish heritage. He had already finished his competition.

Retirement

Following the Munich Olympics, even though he was still only 22, Spitz retired from competition.

In 1999, Spitz ranked #33 on ESPN SportsCentury 50 Greatest Athletes, the only aquatic athlete to make the list.

1992 Olympics

Spitz briefly came out of retirement in 1992. He competed for a place on the U.S. Swimming Team at the Barcelona Games at the age of 41. Unlike Dara Torres, who succeeded in her bid to compete at an Olympiad at the same age, he was two seconds slower than the requisite qualifying time at the Olympic trials.^[10]

Hall of Fame

• International Swimming Hall of Fame, Inducted 1977.^[11]
• International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame, Inducted 1979.^[12]
• United States Olympic Hall of Fame, Inducted 1983.^[13]
• San Jose Sports Hall of Fame, inducted Wednesday, November 14, 2007.^[14][15]
• National Jewish Museum Sports Hall of Fame, Inducted 2007.^[16]
• Long Beach City College Hall of Fame, Inducted 2007^[17]
• Indiana University Athletics Hall of Fame^[18]

Film and television career

After swimming retirement

After his retirement at age 22, he was managed by the William Morris Agency, which tried to get him into show business while his name was still hot.

A poster featuring Spitz wearing his swimsuit and seven gold medals made him the hottest pin-up since Betty Grable.^[19]

In 1973–74, Spitz appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson and TV series such as The Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour and Emergency! as Pete Barlow, who accidentally shoots his wife, played by his real life wife, Suzy. Spitz went to work for ABC Sports in 1976 and worked on many sports presentations, including coverage of the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal and the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles.^[20] In 1985 he appeared as a TV announcer in Challenge of a Lifetime. He continued as a broadcaster for some time, but within a few years, he had all but vanished as a public figure.^[21]

Critical praise

In 2006 he received critical praise^{[citation needed]} for his narration of Freedom's Fury, a Hungarian documentary about the Olympic water polo team's famous Blood in the Water match against Russia during the Revolution of 1956—considered the most famous match in water polo history. The film was executive produced by Quentin Tarantino and Lucy Liu, and made its debut at the Tribeca Film Festival.

Commercials

He appeared in an ad for the California Milk Advisory Board. One of his print advertisements featured the caption "I always drink it-is something I like to do. I want to be loved by the mothers."

In 1974 he was in a number of Schick razors commercials.^[22] In 1998 he appeared with Robbie Knievel in a TV commercial for Sony PlayStation.

In 2004 he appeared in a TV commercial for Sprint PCS.^[23] Then in November 2007, Spitz made a cameo appearance on Amanda Beard's first television commercial (for GoDaddy) featuring her own seven Olympic medals (won between 1996–2004). The ad was entitled "Shock".^[24] Also, in 2007 he appeared in the infomercial for the "Orbitrek Elite" fitness workout.^[25]

Cartoon character

The cartoon strip Doonesbury featured the character "Zonker" where he kept thinking he saw Mark Spitz everywhere until he was finally cured when a character of Spitz ended up sitting next to him at a lunch counter.

Personal life

Family life

When Spitz returned from the Olympics, he began dating the daughter of one of his father's business acquaintances after seeing her picture.^[21] Suzy was a tougher sell. "She was disinterested," Spitz says.^[26] Less than a year after Munich, Spitz and Suzy Weiner, a UCLA theater student and part-time model, were married on May 6, 1973.^[25] They were married in a traditional Jewish service at the Beverly Hills Hotel.^[22] They have two sons, Matthew (born October 1981) and Justin (born September 1991).^[27][20]

Schooling

From 1964 to 1968 Mark attended the Santa Clara High School. After graduating he went on to Indiana University.

At Indiana University from 1968-72, he was a pre-dental student and member of Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity. Time Magazine asked him if he wanted to return to dental school after the Olympics. "I always wanted to be a dentist from the time I was in high school, and I was accepted to dental school in the spring of 1972. I was planning to go, but after the Olympics there were other opportunities. I did some television and speaking engagements, and things just went from there."^[28]

On-going dentistry error

Mark Spitz is frequently erroneously referred to as a dentist. According to the Indiana University School of Dentistry, Mark Spitz was planning on attending in the fall of 1972, but instead he moved to California. In 2006, Spitz sued Procter & Gamble as they failed to receive permission to include him in a promotional 'History of Dentistry' poster for Crest.^[29] He was quoted in the Chicago Tribune in June, 2004 saying, “I’m probably the most famous dentist who never became a dentist in the world.”

Post-swimming career

In 1972, soon after his return to the U.S., Spitz landed several lucrative corporate endorsement contracts. He earned about $7 million in a two-year period.^[30] However, as the memory of his feat receded, so did his endorsement and promotional deals. As his endorsements faded he started a successful real-estate company in Beverly Hills. He bought a Ferrari and says he made more than $1 million.^{[citation needed]} "A million dollars in 1972 would be equivalent to more than $10 million today," Spitz said. "I did very well, thank you very much."^[31] "I would say I was a pioneer. There wasn't anyone who'd gone to the Olympics before me who capitalized the same way on opportunity. It depends on timing, it depends on hype, it depends on the economy, and most importantly, it depends on looks. I mean, I've never seen a magazine of uglies. That's our society. I'm not saying it's right. That's just the facts."^[32]

Per his official Web site, Spitz is currently self-employed as a corporate spokesperson and motivational speaker. However, Sports Yahoo! lists his occupation as a stock broker and motivational speaker.^[33] According to a recent interview "Spitz became a stockbroker in 2002 and has since moved into private equity. He is now also dabbling in the "water business," as he calls it, and is in negotiations to build a water-bottling facility on aquifer-rich land that he and a business partner own.^[34]

He has pursued various entrepreneurial projects with former NBA player Rick Barry. He travels the world delivering about 25 lectures a year. His biography, The Extraordinary Life of An Olympic Champion by Richard J. Foster was released in July 2008.^[35]

Hobbies

His hobbies include sailing, skiing and collecting art.^[36] He has been involved in blue water ocean racing (sailing) and in the summer of 1981 competed in his third Trans-Pac Yacht Race from Los Angeles to Hawaii, finishing third.^[20]

Spitz has stated he no longer swims.^[37]

Iconic mustache during Olympics

In an era when other swimmers, male and female, were shaving body hair, he swam with a mustache. When asked why he initially grew one he stated "I grew the mustache because a coach in college said I couldn't grow one."^[28] Spitz said he originally grew the mustache as a form of rebellion against the clean-cut look imposed on him in college. “It took a long time to grow,” he said.^[38] It took four months to grow, but Spitz was proud of it, he decided the mustache was a "good-luck piece."^[39]

Mark Spitz is quoted as saying, "When I went to the Olympics, I had every intention of shaving the mustache off, but I realized I was getting so many comments about it—and everybody was talking about it—that I decided to keep it. I had some fun with a Russian coach who asked me if my mustache slowed me down. I said, 'No, as a matter of fact, it deflects water away from my mouth, allows my rear end to rise and make me bullet-shaped in the water, and that's what had allowed me to swim so great.' He's translating as fast as he can for the other coaches, and the following year every Russian male swimmer had a mustache."^[40]

According to a Sports Illustrated article, on February 14, 1988, after talking about shaving off his mustache for a year, he finally did. "He looked great with it, don't get me wrong," explained Suzy, "but he looks so handsome without it."^[41]

When he was asked why he shaved it off he responded "well, one, I'm not swimming anymore; two, it started to turn gray; and three, my wife had never seen me, nor my family, without the mustache... I'm happy [without it]."^[42] He also commented on his mustache in a live, in-studio interview with KCRA host Mike TeSelle on June 14, 2008, Spitz commented that he no longer maintains his iconic mustache because it had become "too gray."

Health issues

After retirement, Spitz was diagnosed with acid reflux disease, a condition from which his physician thinks he suffered throughout his career.^[43] "During my Olympic training, I attributed the symptoms [of acid reflux] to an overexposure to chlorine and eating too soon before and after swimming," says Spitz. "It wasn't until the symptoms began to get in the way of my 1976 Olympic broadcasting career in Montreal, which was four years after retirement that I suspected something more serious must be happening."

He has also reported having high cholesterol and other chronic health issues.^[44] "People don't believe that I have high cholesterol, but it's a fact," said Spitz. "I take medication every day because my doctor told me that diet and exercise are not enough to keep my cholesterol down"^[45]

He also suffers from occasional kidney stones.^[46]

Olympic controversies

1972 medal podium incident

In 1972, Spitz was accused of product placement during the medal ceremony. Following the 200-meter freestyle race Spitz arrived to obtain his gold medal barefoot and carrying his shoes. He put them down when the American national anthem, "The Star Spangled Banner" was played. After the anthem played, he picked up his shoes and waved to the crowd. The Soviets saw this as product placement. When questioned by the IOC, Spitz explained that the gesture was innocent, the shoes were old and he was not paid. The IOC cleared him of any wrongdoing.^[47]

Issues with 2008 Summer Olympics

Spitz felt snubbed by not being asked to attend the 2008 Olympics to watch Michael Phelps break his seven gold medal record. In an article, he is quoted as saying, "I never got invited. You don't go to the Olympics just to say, I am going to go. Especially because of who I am....I am going to sit there and watch Michael Phelps break my record anonymously? That's almost demeaning to me. It is not almost—it is."^[33]

Spitz has stated that he has no hard feelings towards Phelps. He is, however, unhappy that he was not invited to the 2008 Summer Olympics. As a result, Spitz refused to attend the games.^[48] "They voted me one of the top five Olympians of all time. Some of them are dead. But they invited the other ones to go to the Olympics, but not me," he said. "Yes, I am a bit upset about it."^[49]

However, on August 14, 2008 Spitz appeared on NBC's Today Show where he clarified his statement and his pride in Michael Phelps:

Also on August 14, 2008, in an interview aired on Los Angeles KNBC-4's morning news show, Today in L.A., Spitz was quoted saying he does believe that, "Michael Phelps is the greatest Olympic athlete ever."^[51]

On August 15, 2008, as part of an interview on NBC, Spitz said that he felt Phelps' performance in the 100 fly in Beijing was "epic". Spitz paid this compliment to Phelps just two hours after his record-tying seventh gold medal during a live joint interview with Bob Costas:

Views on drug testing

Mark Spitz has been consistent in criticism of both swimming's world bodies, FINA and the IOC, in their incomplete attempts to keep drugs out of the sport. He has felt that not enough has been done to monitor and encourage drug-free participation. In 1998 he criticized FINA for its "embarrassing" attempts to stamp out drug abuse, urging them to test for all known drugs. In September 1999 Spitz said the IOC had the technology to test for a plethora of drugs but was refusing to do so because of some IOC member protests.^[37]

During a radio interview in Australia, Spitz was quoted as saying "They don't want to test for everything because there's tremendous pressure from the television networks because they want the television to have athletic competitions with the world record holders there for the finals. They want the medals not to be tainted in their value of accomplishment by winning them, and it's all about ratings and commercial selling of time and about money. And an International Olympic Committee has got their hand in the pockets of the network television people, so there's a tremendous conflict of interest in what they should do and what they're doing."^[53]

In August 2008 the Los Angeles Times reported, that Spitz continued to discuss drug testing and was saying "the IOC has sponsors who demand a good show. Television pays the IOC for the rights to that good show, and its sponsors want that too. Drug news and drug distractions are not a good show. People are not going to tune in to see athletes have their medals taken away from them."^[54]

Records and awards

Records
Preceded by Michael Wenden	Men's 100 metre freestyle world record holder (long course) August 23, 1970 – June 21, 1975	Succeeded by Jim Montgomery
Preceded by Don Schollander	Men's 200 metre freestyle world record holder (long course) July 12, 1969 – August 23, 1974	Succeeded by Tim Shaw
Preceded by Luis Nicolao	Men's 100 metre butterfly world record holder (long course) July 31, 1967 – August 27, 1977 Note: Held Jointly with Doug Russell August 29 & October 2, 1967	Succeeded by Joe Bottom
Preceded by Kevin Berry	Men's 200 metre butterfly world record holder (long course) July 26, 1967 – August 30, 1967	Succeeded by John Ferris
Preceded by John Ferris	Men's 200 metre butterfly world record holder (long course) October 8, 1967 – August 22, 1970	Succeeded by Gary Hall Sr.
Preceded by Gary Hall Sr.	Men's 200 metre butterfly world record holder (long course) August 27, 1971 – August 31, 1971	Succeeded by Hans-Joachim Fassnacht
Preceded by Hans-Joachim Fassnacht	Men's 200 metre butterfly world record holder (long course) August 2, 1972 – June 3, 1976	Succeeded by Roger Pyttel
Awards
Preceded by Lee Trevino	Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year 1972	Succeeded by O.J. Simpson
Preceded by John Kinsella	James E. Sullivan Award 1971	Succeeded by Frank Shorter

References

See also

• List of multiple Olympic gold medalists

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mark Spitz

• Official Website
• Mark Spitz Official Bio
• Mark Spitz ESPN Classic biography
• Mark Spitz at the Internet Movie Database
• Mark Spitz Olympic Medals and Stats

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