Marsilius of Padua wrote "Defender of the Peace" in the 14th century. The book argues for a separation of church and state and promotes the idea of a secular government.

Marsilius of Inghen died in 1396.

Johannes Marsilius von Inghen has written:

'Quaestiones super octo libros physicorum'

The Defensor Pacis, or Defender of the Peace, was the first exposition of political philosophy that subordinates the church to secular power since the beginning of the Christian Era. The document was written by Marsilius Padua.