Matthias Jakob Schleiden

Matthias Jakob Schleiden
Born	5 April 1804(1804-04-05) Hamburg, Germany
Died	23 June 1881 (aged 77) Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Nationality	German
Fields	Botany
Institutions	University of Jena, University of Dorpat
Alma mater	Heidelberg
Known for	Cell theory
Author abbreviation (botany)	Schleid.

Die Entwickelung der Meduse ("The Development of the Medusæ"), in Schleiden's Das Meer

Matthias Jakob Schleiden (5th April 1804 - 23 June 1881) was a German botanist and co-founder of the cell theory, along with Theodor Schwann and Rudolf Virchow.

Born in Hamburg, Schleiden was educated at Heidelberg and practiced law in Hamburg, but soon developed his hobby of botany into a full-time pursuit. Schleiden preferred to study plant structure under the microscope. While a professor of botany at the University of Jena, he wrote Contributions to Phytogenesis (1838), in which he stated that the different parts of the plant organism are composed of cells. Thus, Schleiden and Theodor Schwann became the first to formulate what was then an informal belief as a principle of biology equal in importance to the atomic theory of chemistry. He also recognized the importance of the cell nucleus, discovered in 1831 by the Scottish botanist Robert Brown,^[1] and sensed its connection with cell division.

Schleiden was one of the first German biologists to believe in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. He became professor of botany at the University of Dorpat in 1863. He concluded that all plant parts are made of cells. He died in Frankfurt am Main on 23 June 1881.^[2]

References

1. ^ Trisha Creekmore. "The Science Channel :: 100 Greatest Discoveries: Biology". Discovery Communications. http://science.discovery.com/convergence/100discoveries/big100/biology.html. Retrieved 2006-10-17. 
2. ^ "Schleiden, Matthias Jakob" in "Encyclopædia Britannica Standard Edition 2004 CD-ROM", accessed 06 January 2008
3. ^ "Author Query". International Plant Names Index. http://www.ipni.org/ipni/authorsearchpage.do. 

External links

• Short biography and bibliography in the Virtual Laboratory of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science
• Schwann, Theodor and Schleyden, M. J., Microscopical researches into the accordance in the structure and growth of animals and plants. London: Printed for the Sydenham Society, 1847.
•  "Schleiden, Matthias Jakob". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. 
• Ernst Wunschmann: Schleiden, Matthias Jacob. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Band 31, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1890, S. 417–421. (German)
• Author Query Results and Plant Name Query Results for Matthias Jakob Schleiden at the International Plant Names Index. Retrieved on February 18, 2009.