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Events
- 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the de facto ruler
of England.
- 1483 - Coronation of Charles VIII of France
("Charles l'Affable").
- 1509 - Battle of Agnadello: In northern Italy, French forces defeat the Venetians.
- 1607 - Jamestown, Virginia is settled as an
English colony.
- 1608 - Protestant Union founded in Auhausen.
- 1610 - Assassination of Henri IV of France,
bringing Louis XIII to the throne.
- 1643 - Four-year-old Louis XIV becomes King of
France upon the death of his father, Louis
XIII.
- 1747 - A British fleet under Admiral George Anson defeats the French at first battle of Cape Finisterre.
- 1787 - In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
delegates begin to meet to write a new Constitution for the United States.
- 1796 - Edward Jenner administers the first
smallpox vaccination.
- 1804 - The Lewis and Clark Expedition
departs from Camp Dubois and begin their historic journey by traveling up the
Missouri River.
- 1811 - Paraguay gains independence from Spain.
- 1861 - The Canellas meteorite, an 859-gram chondrite-type meteorite strikes the
earth near Barcelona, Spain.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Jackson (MS).
- 1868 - Japanese Boshin War: End of the Battle of Utsunomiya Castle, former Shogunate forces withdraw northward to Aizu by way of Nikkō.
- 1870 - The first game of rugby in New Zealand is played in Nelson between Nelson College and the Nelson Rugby Football Club.
- 1889 - The children's charity the NSPCC is launched in
London.
- 1889 - Club Nacional de Futbol, a
football club in Uruguay, is founded.
- 1900 - The 1900 Summer Olympics open in
Paris.
- 1913 - New York Governor
William Sulzer approves the charter for the Rockefeller Foundation, which begins operations with a $100 million donation from
John D. Rockefeller.
- 1927 - Cap Arcona is launched at the Blohm + Voss shipyard in Hamburg.
- 1927 - University of Chicago's local collegiate organization, Phi Sigma, becomes incorporated under the laws of the State of
Illinois as Eta Sigma Phi, the National Honorary Classical Fraternity.
- 1929 - Wilfred Rhodes takes his 4000th first-class wicket during a performance of 9 for 39 at Leyton.
- 1931 - Ådalen shootings, five people are killed in
Ådalen, Sweden, as soldiers open fire on an unarmed
trade union demonstration.
- 1935 - The Filipinos ratify an independence
agreement.
- 1935 - Northamptonshire County Cricket Club gains (over
Somerset at Taunton by 48 runs) what
proved to be their last victory for 99 matches, easily a record in the County
Championship. Their next Championship win was not until 29 May, 1939.
- 1939 - Lina Medina becomes the world's youngest confirmed
mother in medical history at the age of five.
- 1940 - World War II: Rotterdam is bombed by the German Luftwaffe.
- 1940 - World War II: The Netherlands surrender to Germany.
- 1943 - Sinking of the Australian Hospital Ship Centaur off
the coast of Queensland, by a Japanese submarine.
- 1948 - Israel declared to be an independent state and a
provisional government is established. Immediately after the declaration, Israel
was attacked by the neighboring Arab states.
- 1955 - Cold War: Eight communist bloc countries, including the Soviet Union, sign a mutual
defence treaty called the Warsaw Pact.
- 1961 - American civil
rights movement: Freedom Riders bus is fire-bombed near Anniston, Alabama, and the civil rights protestors are beaten by
an angry mob.
- 1961 - Stirling Moss wins the 1961 Monaco grand prix.
- 1970 - The Red Army Faction is established in
Germany.
- 1970 - Mississippi state police kill two black
students at Jackson State University.
- 1973 - Human Space Flight: Skylab, the United States' first space station, is launched. It is the last
launch of the Saturn V rocket.
- 1977 - In Milan, Italy, during a
demonstration of the far-left, a hooded extremist shoots at police, killing a policeman, Antonino
Custrà. The scene is photographed and the picture [1] of the
hooded man shooting in the middle of the street will appear in many magazines around the world.
- 1978 - First round of the presidential elections in Upper
Volta.
- 1986 - Formula One Italian driver Elio De Angelis has
a terrible crash with his Brabham at the Paul Ricard circuit in France during a test session. He will die the next day at the Marseille
hospital.
- 1988 - Carrollton bus disaster: A
drunk driver going the wrong way on Interstate 71 near Carrollton, Kentucky, USA hits a converted school bus carrying a church youth group. The
crash and ensuing fire kill 27.
- 1995 - Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th
Dalai Lama, proclaims six-year-old Gedhun Choekyi
Nyima as the eleventh reincarnation of the Panchen
Lama.
- 2002 - Ten members of the Darwin-based
Network Against Prohibition invade the Legislative Assembly of the Northern Territory of
Australia.
- 2004 - The Constitutional Court of South
Korea overturns the impeachment of President Roh
Moo-hyun.
- 2004 - The marriage of Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark and
Mary Donaldson takes place in Copenhagen.
- 2005 - Pope Benedict XVI observes his first
beatification, elevating Blessed Marianne of Molokai on the road to canonization into sainthood.
- 2005 - Ex-America (CV-66), a decommissioned supercarrier of the United States Navy, is deliberately sunk in the Atlantic Ocean after four weeks of live-fire
exercises. She is the largest ship ever to be disposed of as a target in a military exercise.
Births
- 1265 - Dante Alighieri, Italian poet (d.
1321)
- 1316 - Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
(d. 1378)
- 1553 - Margaret of Valois, wife
of Henry IV (d. 1615)
- 1666 - Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia (d.
1732)
- 1679 - Peder Horrebow, Danish astronomer (d.
1764)
- 1686 - Gabriel Fahrenheit, German physicist and
engineer (d. 1736)
- 1699 - Hans Joachim von Zieten, Prussian field
marshal (d. 1786)
- 1701 - William Emerson, English
mathematician (d. 1782)
- 1710 - King Adolf Frederick of Sweden (d.
1771)
- 1725 - Ludovico Manin, last Doge of Venice (d.
1802)
- 1727 - Thomas Gainsborough, English artist (d.
1788)
- 1737 - George Macartney, 1st Earl
Macartney, British statesman (d. 1806)
- 1752 - Timothy Dwight, American theologian (d.
1817)
- 1752 - Albrecht Thaer, German agronomist (d. 1828)
- 1771 - Robert Owen, Welsh social reformer (d.
1858)
- 1781 - Friedrich Ludwig Georg von
Raumer, German historian (d. 1873)
- 1814 - Charles Beyer, German-British locomotive engineer
(d. 1876)
- 1817 - Alexander Kaufmann, German poet (d.
1893)
- 1832 - Rudolf Lipschitz, German mathematician (d.
1903)
- 1867 - Kurt Eisner, German politician (d. 1919)
- 1872 - Elia Dalla Costa, Italian cardinals (d.
1961)
- 1878 - James L. Wilkinson, American baseball executive
(d. 1964)
- 1880 - Wilhelm List, German field marshal (d.
1971)
- 1881 - G. Murray Hulbert, American politician (d.
1950)
- 1881 - Ed Walsh, American baseball player (d. 1959)
- 1885 - Otto Klemperer, German-born conductor (d.
1973)
- 1890 - Alex Pompez, American baseball executive (d.
1974)
- 1897 - Sidney Bechet, American musician (d.
1959)
- 1897 - Ed Ricketts, American marine biologist (d. 1948)
- 1899 - Pierre Victor Auger, French physicist (d.
1993)
- 1899 - Earle Combs, American baseball player (d. 1976)
- 1900 - Hal Borland, Writer (d. 1978)
- 1900 - Leo Smit, Dutch composer (d. 1943)
- 1900 - Edgar Wind, German art historian (d. 1971)
- 1901 - Robert Ritter, German psychologist (d.
1951)
- 1903 - Billie Dove, American actress (d. 1997)
- 1904 - Hans Albert Einstein, American professor
(d. 1973)
- 1904 - Marcel Junod, Swiss physician (d. 1961)
- 1905 - Jean Daniélou, French cardinal (d.
1974)
- 1905 - Herbert Morrison, American radio reporter (d. 1989)
- 1907 - Hans von der Groeben, German diplomat,
member of the European Commission (d. 2005)
- 1907 - Ayub Khan, President of Pakistan (d.
1974)
- 1907 - Johnny Moss, American poker player (d. 1995)
- 1916 - Lance Dossor, British-born concert pianist (d.
2005)
- 1916 - Del Moore, American comedian (d. 1970)
- 1916 - Marco Zanuso, Italian architect
- 1917 - Lou Harrison, American composer (d.
2003)
- 1919 - Solange Chaput-Rolland, French
Canadian journalist, author and politician (d. 2001)
- 1919 - John Hope, American meteorologist (d. 2002)
- 1921 - Richard Deacon, American actor (d.
1984)
- 1921 - Arve Opsahl, Norwegian actor (d. 2007)
- 1922 - Franjo Tuđman, President of Croatia (d. 1999)
- 1923 - Adnan Pachachi, Iraqi politician
- 1923 - Mrinal Sen, Indian film director
- 1925 - Patrice Munsel, American opera soprano
- 1926 - Eric Morecambe, British comedian (d.
1984)
- 1927 - Herbert W. Franke, Austrian writer
- 1929 - Henry McGee, British actor (d. 2006)
- 1929 - Gump Worsley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2007)
- 1931 - Alvin Lucier, American composer
- 1933 - Michael Chevalier, German voice actor
- 1934 - Siân Phillips, Welsh actress
- 1936 - Bobby Darin, American singer (d. 1973)
- 1936 - Charlie Gracie, American singer
- 1936 - Waheeda Rehman, Indian actress
- 1940 - Troy Shondell, American singer
- 1942 - Valeriy Brumel, Soviet athlete (d.
2003)
- 1942 - Byron Dorgan, U.S. Senator
- 1942 - Prentis Hancock, British actor
- 1942 - Tony Pérez, Cuban baseball player
- 1942 - Rüdiger Vogler, German actor
- 1943 - Jack Bruce, Scottish bassist (Cream)
- 1943 - Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland
- 1943 - Derek Leckenby, British musician (Herman's
Hermits) (d. 1994)
- 1943 - Elizabeth Ray, American sex scandal
figure
- 1944 - George Lucas, American film director
- 1945 - Francesca Annis, British actress
- 1945 - Yochanan Vollach, Israeli footballer and president of Maccabi Haifa
- 1946 - Eric Peterson, Canadian actor
- 1947 - Tamara Dobson, American actress (d.
2006)
- 1948 - Bob Woolmer, English cricket coach (d.
2007)
- 1949 - Klaus-Peter Thaler, German cyclist
- 1950 - Adolfo Dominguez, Spanish fashion
designer
- 1952 - David Byrne, Scottish-born American
musician (Talking Heads)
- 1952 - Scott Irwin, American professional wrestler (d. 1987)
- 1952 - Donald R. McMonagle, American astronaut
- 1952 - Robert Zemeckis, American film director
- 1953 - Tom Cochrane, Canadian musician (Red Rider)
- 1953 - Norodom Sihamoni, King of
Cambodia
- 1954 - Jens Sparschuh, German writer
- 1955 - Dennis Martínez, Nicaraguan baseball
player
- 1957 - Leon White, American professional wrestler
- 1959 - Patrick Bruel, French singer
- 1959 - Steve Hogarth, British singer (Marillion)
- 1959 - Rick Vaive, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1960 - Anne Clark, English female singer
- 1960 - Steve Williams, American wrestler
- 1961 - Ulrike Folkerts, German actress
- 1961 - Jean Leclerc, French Canadian singer and songwriter
- 1961 - Tim Roth, English actor
- 1961 - Alain Vigneault, Canadian ice hockey coach
- 1962 - Ian Astbury, English singer (The Cult)
- 1962 - C. C. DeVille, American musician (Poison)
- 1963 - Pat Borders, American baseball player
- 1964 - James M. Kelly, American astronaut
- 1964 - Eric Peterson, American guitarist (Testament)
- 1965 - Eoin Colfer, Irish writer
- 1966 - Marianne Denicourt, French actress
- 1966 - Mike Inez, American bassist
- 1966 - Fabrice Morvan, French music artist (Milli
Vanilli)
- 1966 - Raphael Saadiq, American musician (Tony!
Toni! Toné!)
- 1967 - Tony Siragusa, American football player
- 1969 - Cate Blanchett, Australian actress
- 1969 - Danny Wood, American singer (New Kids on
the Block)
- 1971 - Sofia Coppola, American director
- 1972 - Mark Ruskell, England-born Scottish
politician
- 1973 - Natalie Appleton, Canadian-born singer
- 1973 - Anais Granofsky, Canadian actress and director
- 1973 - Julian White, English rugby union footballer
- 1975 - Salim Iles, Algerian swimmer
- 1975 - Nicki Sørensen, Danish road bicycle racer
- 1974 - Jennifer Allan, American model
- 1976 - Hunter Burgan, American musician
(AFI)
- 1976 - Brian Lawrence, American baseball player
- 1976 - Martine McCutcheon, British actress
- 1977 - Roy Halladay, American baseball player
- 1977 - Ada Nicodemou, Australian actress
- 1978 - Henry Garza, American singer and guitarist
(Los Lonely Boys)
- 1978 - André Macanga, Angolan footballer
- 1978 - Gustavo Varela, Uruguayan footballer
- 1979 - Clinton Morrison, English-born Irish
footballer
- 1979 - Carlos Tenorio, Ecuadorian footballer
- 1980 - Zdeněk Grygera, Czech footballer
- 1980 - Eugene Martineau, Dutch decathlete
- 1980 - Júlia Sebestyén, Hungarian figure skater
- 1980 - Hugo Southwell, Scottish rugby union footballer
- 1981 - Sarbel, Greek-born singer
- 1982 - Anahí, Mexican actress and singer
- 1982 - BeardyMan, English beatboxer
- 1983 - Uroš Slokar, Slovenian basketball player
- 1983 - Amber Tamblyn, American actress
- 1983 - Tom Welham, British musician (Thirteen
Senses)
- 1984 - Gary Ablett, Jr., Australian rules
footballer
- 1984 - Michael Rensing, German footballer
- 1984 - Nigel Reo-Coker, English footballer
- 1984 - Mark Zuckerberg, founder & CEO of Facebook
- 1985 - Sally Martin, American actress
- 1986 - Camila Sodi, Mexican actress
- 1987 - Franck Songo'o, Cameroonian footballer
- 1987 - Francois Steyn, South African rugby union footballer
- 1990 - Emily Samuelson, American ice dancer
- 1993 - Miranda Cosgrove, American actress
Deaths
- 964 - Pope John XII
- 1470 - Charles VIII of Sweden (b.
1409)
- 1574 - Guru Amar Das, third Sikh Guru (b.
1479)
- 1608 - Charles III, Duke of Lorraine (b.
1543)
- 1610 - Henry IV of France (b. 1553)
- 1643 - Louis XIII of France (b. 1601)
- 1649 - Friedrich Spanheim, Dutch theologian (b.
1600)
- 1669 - Georges de Scudéry, French writer (b.
1601)
- 1688 - Antoine Furetière, French writer (b.
1619)
- 1754 - Pierre-Claude Nivelle de La
Chaussée, French writer (b. 1692)
- 1761 - Thomas Simpson, British mathematician (b.
1710)
- 1818 - Matthew Gregory Lewis, English
novelist (b. 1775)
- 1847 - Fanny Mendelssohn, German composer and
pianist (b. 1805)
- 1860 - Ludwig Bechstein, German writer (b.
1801)
- 1873 - Gideon Brecher, Austrian physician and writer
(b. 1797)
- 1878 - Ookubo Toshimichi, Japanese statesman, samurai, and one of the
three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration (b. 1830)
- 1887 - Lysander Spooner, American philosopher (b.
1808)
- 1889 - Volney E. Howard, American politician (b.
1809)
- 1893 - Ernst Kummer, German mathematician (b.
1810)
- 1906 - Carl Schurz, German revolutionary and statesman (b.
1829)
- 1912 - Frederick VIII of Denmark (b.
1843)
- 1912 - August Strindberg, Swedish author (b. 1849)
- 1918 - James Gordon Bennett, Jr., American
newspaper publisher (b. 1841)
- 1919 - Henry John Heinz, founder of the
H. J. Heinz Company (b. 1844)
- 1923 - Charles de Freycinet, French prime
minister (b. 1828)
- 1925 - H. Rider Haggard, English author (b.
1856)
- 1931 - David Belasco, American theatrical producer (b.
1853)
- 1931 - Denys Finch Hatton, English big-game hunter (b. 1887)
- 1934 - Lou Criger, American baseball player (b.
1872)
- 1936 - Edmund Henry Hynman
Allenby, British general (b. 1861)
- 1940 - Emma Goldman, Lithuanian-born anarchist (b.
1869)
- 1943 - Henri La Fontaine, Belgian Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1854)
- 1945 - Heber J. Grant, seventh president of the
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b.
1856)
- 1954 - Heinz Guderian, German General (b.
1888)
- 1957 - Marie Vassilieff, Russian artist (b.
1884)
- 1959 - Sidney Bechet, American musician (b.
1897)
- 1962 - Florence Auer, American actress (b.
1880)
- 1968 - Husband E. Kimmel, American admiral (b.
1882)
- 1969 - Frederick Lane, Australian swimmer (b.
1888)
- 1970 - Billie Burke, American actress (b.
1884)
- 1973 - Jean Gebser, German-born author, linguist, and poet
(b. 1905)
- 1976 - Keith Relf, British singer and musician
(The Yardbirds) (b. 1943)
- 1978 - Robert Menzies, twelfth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1894)
- 1982 - Hugh Beaumont, American actor (b.
1909)
- 1983 - Roger J. Traynor, American judge (b.
1900)
- 1983 - Miguel Alemán Valdés, President of Mexico (b. 1900)
- 1984 - Walter Rauff, German colonel (b. 1906)
- 1985 - Mei Ling Barbara Yung, Hong Kong actress
(b. 1959)
- 1987 - Rita Hayworth, American actress (b.
1918)
- 1988 - Willem Drees, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1886)
- 1991 - Jiang Qing, wife of Mao
Zedong (b. 1914)
- 1992 - Lyle Alzado, American football player (b.
1949)
- 1992 - Nie Rongzhen, Chinese Communist military leader (b. 1899)
- 1993 - Patrick Haemers, Belgian criminal (b.
1953)
- 1993 -