A medical abortion is a type of non-surgical abortion in which a drug is used to induce the abortion. Safe and effective medical abortion methods became an alternative for first trimester pregnancy termination in the 1970s.[1] The most widely used medication are mifepristone or methotrexate either alone or in combination with a prostaglandin.[1] Medical abortions accounted for 9.9% of abortions in the United States in 2005, 35% of abortions in England and Wales in 2007, 46% of abortions in France in 2006, 61.8% of abortions in Scotland in 2007, and 64.2% of abortions in Sweden in 2008.[2]
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Prostaglandin
Prostaglandins, such as misoprostol, are often used in combination with mifepristone or methotrexate. Misoprostol administered vaginally is more effective than when administered orally.[1]
See also
- Abortifacient - a substance which induces abortion
- Mifepristone (also known as RU 486), commonly used for Medical abortion
- Methotrexate
References
- ^ a b c Kulier R, Gülmezoglu AM, Hofmeyr GJ, Cheng LN, Campana A (2004). "Medical methods for first trimester abortion". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2): CD002855. doi:. PMID 15106180.
- ^ Gamble SB, Strauss LT, Parker WY, Cook DA, Zane SB, Hamdan S; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (November 28, 2008). "Abortion surveillance--United States, 2005". MMWR Surveill Summ 57 (13): 1–32. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss5713.pdf.
Department of Health (June 19, 2008). "Abortion statistics, England and Wales: 2007". Department of Health (United Kingdom). http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsStatistics/DH_085508.
Vilain, Annick (September 2008). "Voluntary terminations of pregnancies in 2006". DREES, Ministry of Health, France. http://www.sante.gouv.fr/drees/etude-resultat/er-pdf/er659.pdf.
ISD Scotland (May 27, 2008). "Abortion Statistics, year ending December 2007". Information Services Division (ISD), NHS National Services Scotland. http://www.isdscotland.org/isd/5644.html.
National Board of Health and Welfare, Sweden (April 29, 2009). "Induced Abortions 2008". National Board of Health and Welfare, Sweden. http://www.socialstyrelsen.se/NR/rdonlyres/93831CA6-90A3-4755-8BCE-CD6EABCD6209/13853/200912510_rev3.pdf.
External links
- Medical Methods for Termination of Pregnancy Report of a WHO Scientific Group Technical Report Series, No 871
- WHO FAQ on Medical Abortion
- Medical methods for first trimester abortion Cochrane Review on Methods Available for First Trimester Abortions
- "Medication Abortion". Planned parenthood. http://www.ppgg.org/site/c.esJMKZPKJtH/b.1174369/k.F03A/Medication_Abortion.htm. Retrieved on 2006-11-23.
- Czamanske, Gerald K. et al. (September 1999). "Estimating the efficacy of medical abortion" (PDF). Contraception 60 (3): 119–35. doi:. PMID 10640155. http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of02-074/Resource_Geology/Resource_Geology.pdf.
- Czamanske, Gerald K. et al. (December 1998). "Medical versus surgical abortion" (PDF). Int J Gynaecol Obstet 63 Suppl 1: S141–6. doi:. PMID 10075224. http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of02-074/Resource_Geology/Resource_Geology.pdf.
- "Medical abortion". Montreal Morgentaler Clinic. 2005. http://www.montrealmorgentaler.ca/index.php?page=medical&lang=_en. Retrieved on 2006-11-23.
- Medical abortion in early pregnancy: a review of the evidence
- Medical abortion information for women The International Consortium for Medical Abortion (ICMA) Information Package on Medical Abortion
- Women on Web Online medical abortion service - for women in countries where access to safe abortion is restricted
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