Melioidosis is presently a public health concern because it is
most common in AIDS patients and intravenous drug users.
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Chronic melioidosis may cause osteomyelitis.
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The mortality rate in acute cases of pulmonary melioidosis is
about 10%.
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Chronic melioidosis is characterized by osteomyelitis
(inflammation of the bone) and pus-filled abscesses in the skin,
lungs, or other organs.
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Melioidosis is caused by Pseudomonas pseudomallei, a bacillus
that can cause disease in sheep, goats, pigs, horses, and other
animals, as well as in humans.