Also known as Sumeru or Sineru. According to ancient Indian cosmological beliefs, the axis mundi or world mountain that stands at the centre of the world, surrounded by oceans and continents. It was generally thought to be surrounded by four continents, with the continent known as Jambudvīpa (which included the then-known world) located to the south. Various heavens were said to be located on top of and above Meru while the hell realms lie beneath it. Some scholars believe the orgin of the concept lies in the Mesopotamian ziggurats of ancient Sumer, a possibility given the early trade links between ancient India and the Euphrates region.
The Olympus of the Hindu (see Hinduism entries) gods and goddesses, Mount Meru, or sometimes Sumeru or Mandara (see Mandara) is, according to the Mahābhārata (see Mahābhārata), a golden mass of intense energy. Brahmā's golden city is at its summit. It is the axis mundi (see Mountain Mythology) for both Hindus and Buddhists. For Pure Land (see Pure Land) Buddhists, it is the place of the Buddha fields.
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