Excited state of an atom, nucleus, or other system that has a
longer lifetime than the ordinary excited states and generally has
a shorter lifetime than the ground state. It can be considered a
temporary energy trap or a somewhat stable intermediate stage of a
system of which the energy may be lost in discrete amounts. The
many photochemical reactions of mercury are a result of the
metastable state of mercury atoms, and radiation from metastable
oxygen atoms accounts for the characteristic green colour of the
aurora borealis and aurora australis.