Microangiopathy: Information from Answers.com

Microangiopathy
Classification and external resources
ICD-9	443.9

Microangiopathy (or microvascular disease) is an angiopathy affecting small blood vessels in the body.^[1] It can be contrasted to macroangiopathy.

Pathophysiology

This sometimes occurs when a person has had diabetes mellitus for a long time. High blood glucose levels cause the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels to take in more glucose than normal (these cells do not depend on insulin). They then form more glycoproteins on their surface than normal, and also cause the basement membrane to grow thicker and weaker. The walls of the vessels become abnormally thick but weak, and therefore they bleed, leak protein, and slow the flow of blood through the body. Then some cells, for example in the retina (diabetic retinopathy) or kidney (diabetic nephropathy), may not get enough blood and may be damaged. Nerves, if not sufficiently supplied with blood, are also damaged which may lead to loss of function (diabetic neuropathy).

Massive microangiopathy may cause microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA).

References

^ microangiopathy at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

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Cardiovascular disease: vascular disease · Circulatory system pathology (I70-I99, 440-456)

Arteries, arterioles
and capillaries

Inflammation

Arteritis (Aortitis) · Buerger's disease

Arterial occlusive disease/
peripheral vascular disease

Aneurysm/dissection/
pseudoaneurysm

torso: Aortic aneurysm (Thoracic aortic aneurysm, Abdominal aortic aneurysm) · Aortic dissection · Coronary artery aneurysm
head/neck: Cerebral aneurysm · Intracranial berry aneurysm · Carotid artery dissection · Vertebral artery dissection · Familial aortic dissection

Vascular malformation

Arteriovenous fistula · Telangiectasia (Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia)

Vascular nevus

Spider angioma · Halo nevus · Cherry hemangioma

Veins

Inflammation	Phlebitis

Venous thrombosis/ Thrombophlebitis	primarily lower limb (Deep vein thrombosis) abdomen (May-Thurner syndrome, Portal vein thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, Renal vein thrombosis) upper limb/torso (Paget-Schroetter disease, Mondor's disease) head (Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis) Post-thrombotic syndrome

Varicose veins	Varicocele · Gastric varices · Portacaval anastomosis (Hemorrhoid, Esophageal varices, Caput medusae)

Other	Superior vena cava syndrome · Inferior vena cava syndrome · Venous ulcer

Arteries or veins

Vasculitis · Thrombosis · Embolism (Pulmonary embolism, Cholesterol embolism, Paradoxical embolism) · Angiopathy (Macroangiopathy, Microangiopathy)

Blood pressure

Hypertension	Hypertensive heart disease · Hypertensive nephropathy · Essential hypertension · Secondary hypertension (Renovascular hypertension) · Pulmonary hypertension · Malignant hypertension · Benign hypertension · Systolic hypertension · White coat hypertension

Hypotension	Orthostatic hypotension

vascular navs: anat/physio/dev, noncongen/systemic vasculitis/congen/neoplasia, symptoms+signs/eponymous, proc

pathology

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