| Minangkabau | ||
|---|---|---|
| Baso Minangkabau | ||
| Spoken in | Indonesia, Malaysia | |
| Region | West Sumatra (Indonesia), Riau (Indonesia), Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia) | |
| Total speakers | 6,500,000 | |
| Language family | Austronesian | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1 | None | |
| ISO 639-2 | min | |
| ISO 639-3 | min | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
The Minangkabau language (autonym: Baso Minang(kabau); Indonesian: Bahasa Minangkabau) is an Austronesian language, spoken by the Minangkabau-people of West Sumatra, in the western part of Riau and in several cities throughout Indonesia by migrated Minangkabau, who often trade or have a restaurant. It is also spoken in a part of Malaysia.
Due to great grammatical similarities between the Minangkabau language and Malay, there is some controversy regarding the relationship between the two. Some see Minangkabau as a dialect of Malay, while others think of Minangkabau as a proper (Malay) language.
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Malaysia
Besides West Sumatra and western Riau, Minangkabau is also spoken in Malaysia, by some descendants of migrants from the Minang-speaking region in Sumatra (Tanah Minang, or Land of the Minang). Significant numbers of the early migrants settled in what is now the Malaysian state of Negeri Sembilan, which is kown as "Baso Nogoghi" The language is also a lingua franca along the western coastal region of the province of North Sumatra, and is even used in parts of Aceh, where the language is called Aneuk Jamee.
Dialects
The Minangkabau language has several dialects, sometimes differing between nearby villages (e.g. separated by a river). In everyday communication between Minangkabau people of different regions, the Padang-dialect (Baso Padang or Baso Urang Awak "our (people's) language") is often used and has become a kind of standard.
Examples
| Baso Minangkabau: | Sadang kayu di rimbo tak samo tinggi, kok kunun manusia (expression) |
| Indonesian/Malay: | Sedangkan pohon di hutan tidak sama tinggi, apalagi manusia |
| English: | Even the trees in the jungle are not all of the same height, let alone the people. |
| Baso Minangkabau: | Co a koncek baranang co itu inyo (expression) |
| Indonesian/Malay: | Bagaimana katak berenang seperti itulah dia. |
| English: | The way a frog swims, the way he does. (doing something without having a goal) |
| Baso Minangkabau: | Indak buliah mambuang sarok disiko! |
| Indonesian/Malay: | Tidak boleh membuang sampah di sini! |
| English: | Do not dump rubbish here! |
Literature
- Tata Bahasa Minangkabau, Gerard Moussay
(original title La Langue Minangkabau, translated from French by Rahayu S. Hidayat), ISBN 979-9023-16-5.
See also
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