mini

MINI

Type	Automotive brand
Current owner	BMW Group
Markets	Global
Website	http://www.mini.com/

Mini (styled as MINI) is an automotive brand owned by the BMW Group that has produced the successor of the original Mini since April 2001. Currently^[update] three body variants are available: hatchback, convertible and Clubman.

Overview

The car, whose first generation was designed by Frank Stephenson,^[1] draws inspiration from the original Mini, which was manufactured by the British Motor Corporation and its successors from 1959 to 2000. The name of the car's brand, MINI, is all-capitalized to distinguish it from its predecessor.^[2] Development of the first generation had been done between 1995 and 2001 by Rover Group in Gaydon, United Kingdom and BMW AG in Munich, Germany and was accompanied by continual contention between Rover and BMW. Especially the positioning of the car was contended. Rover wanted an economy car, whilst BMW supported a small sporting car and finally prevailed. In 1999 BMW assumed control over the whole project after BMW's CEO Bernd Pischetsrieder had left the company.^[3] When BMW divested itself of Rover in 2000, BMW decided to keep the Mini project and to move the planned production of the car, from Rover's Longbridge plant,^[3] the former production plant of the traditional Mini, to BMW's Oxford plant in Cowley, Oxford, United Kingdom, in what was historically the Pressed Steel Company body plant.^[4]

The 2001 to 2006 model years included four hatchback models: the basic "Mini One", the diesel-engined "Mini One/D", the sportier "Mini Cooper" and the supercharged "Mini Cooper S". In 2005, a convertible roof option was added. In November 2006 BMW released a re-engineered version of the Mini which is unofficially known as the "Mk II Mini".^[5] The Mk II is currently^[update] available as a hatchback and a wagon (Clubman). The convertible was still based on the MK 1 until January 2009, when a Mk2 variant was launched.

First generation of MINI (2001 - 2006)

MINI Hatchback

First generation

Production	2001-2006 (Mk I hatchback) 2004-2008 (Mk I convertible)
Class	compact
Body style(s)	3-door hatchback 2-door convertible
Engine(s)	1.4L Tritec I4 (One) 1.4L Toyota 1ND-TV diesel (D) 1.6L Tritec I4 (Cooper) 1.6L Tritec supercharged I4 (S)
Transmission(s)	CVT 5-speed manual 6-speed automatic and manual
Wheelbase	97.1 in (2,470 mm)
Length	2002-03 Base: 142.8 in (3,630 mm) 2004-06 Base & Convertible: 143.1 in (3,630 mm) S Hatchback & Convertible: 143.9 in (3,660 mm)
Width	66.5 in (1,690 mm)
Height	2002-03 Base: 55.9 in (1,420 mm) 2002-03 S: 56.2 in (1,430 mm) 2004-06 Base: 55.4 in (1,410 mm) 2004-06 S: 55.8 in (1,420 mm) 2004-06 Convertible: 55.5 in (1,410 mm)
Kerb weight	2,496 lb (1,132 kg)

In Portugal and Greece, the MINI One was powered by a 1.4 litre I4 version of the Tritec engine but all other petrol powered MINIs used the 1.6 litre I4 version.^[6][7] Since 2005, a soft-top convertible option has been available across the entire range.^[8]

There are numerous styling and badging differences between the models, perhaps the most obvious being that the Cooper S has a distinctive scoop cut into the bonnet. The Cooper S also has twin exhausts which exit under the centre of the rear valance. The (non-S) Cooper has more chrome parts than the MINI One and has a single exhaust. The MINI One D has no visible exhaust pipes at all.^[8]

In some markets, such as Australia and the US, only the MINI Cooper and Cooper S are sold because the MINI One's engine was considered to deliver insufficient power to run an air conditioner—a necessary feature in those markets. Almost fifty percent of all MINIs sold in Australia and about seventy percent of those sold in the US are the top-of-the-range Cooper S model. Other models of note, sold in varying markets around the world, are the MINI Seven, MINI Parklane, MINI Check Mate, and MINI Monte Carlo.

The names Cooper and Cooper S echo the names used for the sportier version of the classic Mini, which in turn come from the involvement of John Cooper and the Cooper Car Company. The Cooper heritage is further emphasised with the John Cooper Works (JCW) range of tuning options that are available with the MINI. John Cooper also created a one-off racing model of the MINI Cooper S named the MINI Cooper S Works. This car features many extras which help to improve performance, such as a racing exhaust and air filter as well as uprated suspension. The car also has one-of-a-kind 17-inch (430 mm) racing wheels.^[9]

A 2006 MINI Cooper S Checkmate.

The "Mk I" MINI One, Cooper and Cooper S used the reliable, Brazilian-built, Chrysler & BMW co-developed, Tritec engine, while the MINI One D used a Toyota-built diesel engine. In August 2006, BMW announced that engines would in future be built in the UK, making the car essentially British-built again, with final assembly at Cowley and the body pressings being made in nearby Swindon at BMW's Swindon Pressings Ltd subsidiary.

It uses a transversely-mounted four-cylinder engine driving the front wheels. All four wheels are pushed to the corners of the body. The styling of the car, like that of the Volkswagen New Beetle, is a retro design that is deliberately reminiscent of the original Mini with contrasting roof colours, optional bonnet stripes, optional rally lights and with black trim around the wheel arches and rocker panels that mimic the wide wheel flares found on many classic Minis.^[1]

The MINI One and MINI Cooper were available with a ZF VT1F continuously variable transmission or with a conventional Midlands five-speed manual transmission (model year 2001-2004), later replaced with a Getrag five-speed unit for 2005 onwards. The Cooper S comes with a six-speed Getrag manual or (from the 2005 model year onwards) a fully automatic transmission with paddle shifters.

As standard, the MINI had a drive by wire electronic throttle, electronic brakeforce distribution, cornering brake control and electronic stability control (standard or optional, depending on model and region) to improve control and handling in adverse conditions.^[10]

Adding a supercharger to the 1st generation Cooper S model required that the battery be relocated into the rear of the car - leaving no room for a spare tyre. Hence this model comes with run flat tyres as standard.

MINI Convertible

Mini Cooper S convertible, top-up

At the 2004 Salon International de l'Auto, Mini introduced a convertible model which was released in the 2005 model year and available in One, Cooper and Cooper S versions.

The convertible roof is fully automatic - an unusual feature in such a small car - and can be opened partially to act as a sunroof whilst the car is driving at speed. The convertible model forsakes the rear hatch of the hatchback Mini - replacing it with a drop down 'tailgate' design reminiscent of the classic Mini and incorporating similarly prominent external hinges and with the roof in the closed position the rear roof section and luggage shelf can be raised with two handles, semi-tailgate style to access the luggage space easier. The convertible also adds two small power windows for the rear seat passengers which are retracted automatically as the roof opens. The roof is made from a heavy cloth with many layers of insulation; the rear window is of glass and has a heater/defroster but no washer or wiper.

At the 2007 North American International Auto Show, Mini introduced the limited edition of Mini Cooper S Sidewalk Convertible. It has a top speed of 215 km/h (134 mph). It accelerates 0 to 100 kilometres per hour (0 to 62 mph) in 7.9 seconds. It has 168 hp (125 kW) and 220 newton metres (160 ft·lbf) of torque.

MINI John Cooper Works GP

The last version to be made with the Tritec engine is the Mini Cooper S with John Cooper Works GP Kit, a lightweight, quasi race-prepped John Cooper works model. Hand-finished by Bertone in Italy, it was produced as a limited-production run of 2000 cars in 2006, originally with 444 of those ear-marked for the UK market (although ultimately 459 were sold). The GP features more bolstered front seats but has no rear seats, which along with reduced sound-deadening, deleting the rear wash-wipe, offering optional air-conditioning and making other steps to reduce the overall weight, resulted in a weight saving of around 40 kilograms (88 lb) over a Cooper S. Additionally, the car has enhanced braking, suspension, a smooth under-body and 218 horsepower (163 kW) from the John Cooper Works engine modification package. In place of the rear seats there is additional body stiffening and below-floor storage areas. There are many unique styling points such as the red door mirrors, a carbon fiber rear spoiler, unique body kit, bespoke (2 kg lighter) 4-spoke alloy wheels and specialized badging. Available in just one color scheme, Thunder Blue with a Pure Silver roof, each car is individually numbered and features a decal on the roof along with a plaque on the dashboard. The last of the supercharged Minis and a genuine Limited Edition model, it is expected that the Mini Cooper S with John Cooper Works GP Kit will become a collectors' item.

Prototype and concept cars

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Mini Traveller concept car at the 2006 Detroit Auto Show

Mini Traveller rear view

Rover first showed the Mini as the ACV30 concept car in 1997.^[3] This looked very different from the production Mini. It had circular headlamps, huge wheel flares and a much more rounded appearance overall compared to the production design.

Before the first sales of the new Mini, prototype versions were shown at the 2000 Paris Auto Show. These were essentially identical to the version that was finally sold except that the colours used ('Candy Blue' and 'Flamenco Orange') have never been used in production cars.

BMW demonstrated a hydrogen-powered internal combustion technology in some of their concept cars in 2000 and 2001, and Mini showcased a hydrogen powered concept car in 2001 at the Frankfurt Auto Show. The car differs from electric-motor hydrogen concepts, such as the Honda FCX in that it uses a cylinder-based internal combustion engine.

An all-electric Mini is in use at the British Embassy in Mexico that uses around 200 kilograms (440 lb) of Lithium Ion batteries. Three electric Minis were also made for use in some subway scenes in the 2003 movie The Italian Job to satisfy the subway authorities concerns over possible carbon monoxide poisoning. PML Flightlink developed a prototype series-hybrid conversion, called "Mini QED", replacing the drivetrain with an 160 bhp (120 kW) electric motor in each wheel and an efficient onboard gasoline generator.^[11]

With higher powered engines, the standard front wheel drive Mini tends to produce a high level of wheel spin - a four wheel drive would be a natural solution to that problem. Getrag demonstrated a four wheel drive version of the Mini in 2004.

At the Frankfurt Motor Show in 2005, Mini revealed a retro version of the classic "Mini Traveller" station wagon. Based on a stretched wheelbase with two side-hinged rear doors and separate rear seats replacing the split bench seat of the standard Mini. At the Tokyo Auto Show, the same basic concept reappeared with some fanciful additions - a circular roof section could be removed to form a picnic table with four folding chairs. The rear side windows were replaced with fold-down storage containers containing cutlery, cups and plates. In Detroit, a further version was presented without the table and chairs - but with a radically restyled interior.

Second generation (2006 - present)

MINI Hatchback

Second generation

Also called	Rolls-Royce Mini[12][13] (June 2009; Special edition for the 100th Anniversary of Rolls-Royce; only one vehicle was built. BMW had planned to manufacture 500 units of the Rolls-Royce Mini.)
Production	2006-present (hatchback) 2009-present (convertible) 2007-present (Clubman)
Class	compact
Body style(s)	3-door hatchback 2-door convertible 5-door estate
Engine(s)	1.4L Prince I4 (One) 1.6L Prince I4 (Cooper) 1.6L Peugeot DV6 diesel I4 (Cooper D) 1.6L Prince turbocharged I4 (Cooper S)
Transmission(s)	6-speed automatic and manual
Wheelbase	Hatchback & Convertible: 97.1 in (2466 mm) Clubman: 100.3 in (2547.6 mm)
Length	Hatchback: 145.6 in (3698 mm) Hatchback S: 146.2 in (3713 mm) Convertible: 143.1 in (3635 mm) Convertible S: 143.9 in (3655 mm) Clubman: 155 in (3937 mm) Clubman S:155.8 in (3957 mm)
Width	Hatchback: 66.3 in (1684 mm) Convertible: 66.5 in (1689 mm) Clubman: 66.3 in (1684 mm)
Height	Hatchback: 55.4 in (1407 mm) Convertible: 55.5 in (1410 mm) Clubman: 56.1 in (1425 mm) S:56.4 in (1433 mm)

Mini introduced a new, second generation of the car for the 2007 model year, Mk II Mini (or R56), on a re-engineered platform with many stylistic and engineering changes. The engine architecture is shared with PSA Peugeot Citroën and is intended to be more cost effective and fuel efficient. The engineering was done in the United Kingdom by BMW Group UK Engineering, in Munich, Germany at BMW Group HQ and with external third parties.

Mini Cooper S (2007+)

The so-called "Mk II Mini" (echoing the 'mark number' naming convention of the classic Mini) was introduced in November 2006 in the Cooper and Cooper S trim and the range was completed in 2007 with the Mk II Mini One. For the first time, there was a diesel-powered Cooper available from April 2007, badged as the Cooper D.

Though the Mk II has a familiar look, every panel on the new car has been changed from the old model. New safety requirements mean that the overall length has increased by 60 mm (2.4 in), the front end raised and the indicators have been repositioned inside the headlights. The headlights themselves are now fixed to the front quarter panels rather than being housed within the bonnet so that they are not raised up with it when the bonnet opens. The car features a restyled grille and larger rear light clusters. The Cooper S retains the bonnet scoop in order to keep an association with the outgoing model — although the relocation of the intercooler to the front of the engine means that the scoop is now purely decorative. In addition, the Cooper S no longer has the battery located under the boot floor, instead being found in the more conventional place. The C pillars are no longer encased in glass and have been shaped to improve aerodynamics and to reduce the tendency for dirt to accumulate on the back of the car. Much criticized for the lack of rear legroom, Mini added more space for rear passengers by creating sculpted cut-outs in the rear of the front seats. An engine start button replaces the conventional ignition key and, with the optional 'convenience package', the car unlocks itself automatically when the key is brought close to the car.

The Cooper and Cooper S models offer a new rear axle and aluminium components to reduce the car's weight and a Sports kit option comprising harder springs, damper and anti-roll bars is offered with both variants. Another key difference is the introduction of an upgraded electric power steering system, the sharpness of which can be increased by pressing a Sport button in front of the gear lever (both auto and manual) - which also adjusts the response of the accelerator. In conjunction with automatic transmission, the Sport Button also allows the engine to rev almost to the red line before changing gear.

Mini III Cooper D

As for engines, the Tritec engine has been replaced in the Cooper model with a 120 metric horsepower (88 kW) 1.6-litre Prince engine with BMW's Valvetronic infinitely variable valve timing, developed on and with Peugeot's core engine. It is reported in early road tests that this takes the car from 0–100 km/h in a claimed 9.1 seconds (0-60 mph: 8.5 seconds)^[14] and has top speed of 125 mph (201 km/h). Fuel economy of 48.7 miles per imperial gallon (5.80 L/100 km; 40.6 mpg_-US) on the combined cycle is nearly 8 miles per imperial gallon (35 L/100 km; 6.7 mpg_-US) better. The more powerful 175 metric horsepower (129 kW) Cooper S replaces the supercharger with a new twin scroll turbocharger in the interests of efficiency, and will feature gasoline direct injection. Consequently, this engine does not feature Valvetronic. This engine also has an "overboost" function which temporarily raises the torque by 20 newton metres (15 ft·lbf) under hard acceleration. As a result, 0–100 km/h is covered in a claimed 7.1 seconds (0-60 mph: 6.7 seconds),^[14] and top speed is 140 mph (230 km/h). It achieves similar improvements in fuel economy to the Cooper, returning 40.9 miles per imperial gallon (6.91 L/100 km; 34.1 mpg_-US) combined. Both cars come with six-speed manual or automatic gearboxes. The turbocharged engine is the same (although with some French engineering modifications) as the one in the Peugeot 207 GTi/RC.

From 2008, all Mini models are equipped with BMW's EfficientDynamics fuel-saving technology. This includes a start-stop feature shutting off the engine when the car is stationary (this is not available in 2008 Mini Cooper in the US market). When the clutch pedal is depressed the engine is restarted with electricity generated from Brake Energy Regeneration. The Cooper D model attains 74.0 miles per imperial gallon (3.82 L/100 km; 61.6 mpg_-US) and emits 104 g of carbon dioxide per 100 kilometres. A Mini One D is a possibility in the future, possible attaining even better fuel efficiency and lower emissions of greenhouse gases than the Cooper D, which is itself quite comparable to the Toyota Prius for fuel economy and carbon dioxide emissions (potentially better than the Prius at higher rpm). Efficient Dynamics is standard in all Mini models, making Mini the first automotive brand to have all models in its range as mild hybrids as standard (Mini's parent, BMW, is still in the process of implementing Efficient Dynamics across its older models).

All models of the Mk II with optional DSC (Dynamic Stability Control) also include "Hill Assist", a feature which prevents the car from rolling backwards on an incline by holding the brakes on for 2 seconds after the driver lifts their foot from the brake pedal, allowing them time to engage the accelerator.

The interior of the Mk II echoes the style of the earlier model but is in fact a complete redesign. The boot of the new car has an additional 10 litres of load space. Other changes in design - both visible and otherwise - have contributed to the Mini's recently awarded 5 stars in the Euro NCAP tests. One example is the higher front bonnet, which now complies with the European pedestrian collision regulations.

The old tradition of producing special limited edition Minis was also continued with the new Mini, such as the Mini Monte Carlo ^[15] recently launched in Singapore, which is a tribute to the old Mini Cooper Monte Carlo, a limited edition Mini to celebrate Paddy Hopkirk's return to the Monte Carlo Rally, 30 years after his original win.

The Mk II Mini is built by Mini's Production Triangle: Plant Swindon (body panels), Plant Hams Hall (engine) and finally Plant Oxford, where final assembly work is completed.^[16]

MINI Clubman

Mini Clubman.

The Mini Clubman is an estate car available in Cooper, Cooper S, and Cooper D variations. It is 240 millimetres (9.4 in) longer to accommodate more leg room and a larger trunk. It has double doors as a boot instead of a pull-up hatch. It also features a "Club Door" on the right-hand side for passengers in the back. The Clubman models are identical up to the B-pillar to the hatchback models including the engines used and, although the car is longer, the suspension set-up at the back shares many of the same designs features. For example, the rear trailing arms are the same, as are the anti-roll bars.

The use of the name "Clubman" for the Mini estate van is a break with classic Mini tradition. It was originally the name given to the 1970s facelift of the Mini which mostly resulted in a squarer front end. The classic Mini estates were named either "Traveller" or "Countryman". However, BMW did not purchase the rights to use those names.

The adverts such as Clubmanitis, Etch A Sketch and Pinball are covered by this Clubman, but it's originally used on these adverts on British TV in 2005 for the Pontiac GTO coupe.^{[clarification needed]}

MINI John Cooper Works

Based on the John Cooper Works Challenge car, it is a version with higher output engine, and BMW's Dynamic Traction Control and Dynamic Stability Control.

Engine is rated 211 PS (155 kW; 208 hp) and 260 N·m (190 lb·ft), achieved by reducing compression ratio to 10.0:1, and increasing boost from the Cooper S' 0.9 bar to 1.3 bar.^[17]

The Mini Cooper body model is called John Cooper Works Hatchback (also called John Cooper Works Hardtop), while the Mini Clubman body model is called John Cooper Works Clubman, Convertible model is called John Cooper Works Convertible. Both cars achieve the same EPA fuel economy ratings as their Cooper S counterparts.^[18]

The models were unveiled in 2008 Geneva Auto Show, as 2009 vehicles.^[19]

MINI John Cooper Works CHALLENGE (2008-)

The MINI John Cooper Works CHALLENGE R56 is purpose built race car manufactured in the BMW Motorsport factory located in Munich. The BMW Motorsport factory has been responsible for the build of Formula 1 and European Touring cars for many years. The R56 CHALLENGE features a 6-speed manual transmission, 17" Borbet wheels with Dunlop control slick racing tyres, John Cooper Works Aerodynamic Kit including front splitter, rear diffuser and high downforce adjustable rear wing, race-specific AP RACING ABS Braking System, KW Suspension Rebound, Height & Camber adjustable Coilover Suspension, full roll cage, RECARO bucket seat with 6-point safety belt and HANS, Sparco Racing steering wheel, Air Jack system, Fully electronic fire extinguisher system.

The car features a 1.6 litre Twin-Scroll Turbocharged engine that produces 155 kW (211 PS; 208 hp) at 6000 rpm along with 260 N·m (190 lb·ft) of torque. Acceleration 0-100km/h (60mph) is 6.1 Seconds and braking time from 100-0km/h is just 3.1 seconds.

It has MSRP of €49,900.

The MINI Challenge Motorsport Category runs globally with the category in Germany, Australia, England, Spain, New Zealand and Saudi Arabia commencing in 2010.

Visit www.minichallenge.com.au for more information.

The vehicle was unveiled in 2008 IAA Motor Show.^[20]

MINI John Cooper Works World Championship 50 (2009)

It is a limited (originally planned to be 250 units, then increased to 500) edition of John Cooper Works Hatchback to commemorate 50th anniversary of sports car constructor John Cooper winning Formula One World Championship title with Jack Brabham as driver.

The production vehicle was inspired by John Cooper's son, Mike. It includes John Cooper Works aerodynamics package, John Cooper Works Cross Spoke CHALLENGE light-alloy wheels in Jet Black, Connaught Green body with Pepper White roof and bonnet stripes, carbon fibre bonnet scoop, rear diffuser, exterior mirror caps and tailgate handle; Carbon Black interior with red knee-rolls, armrests and red stitching on the floor mats, gearshift & handbrake gaiters. The John Cooper signature was signed by "John" Michael Cooper.

The car was unveiled in 2009 MINI United Festival in Silverstone.^[21]

MINI Convertible (2009-)

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2009 Mini Cooper S convertible

The Mk II MINI Cooper Convertible was unveiled in 2009 Detroit Auto Show.^[22] It features an Openometer which specifies precisely, down to the last minute, how long the driver and passengers have enjoyed their car with the roof down. The engine range is same as the Mk II Cooper, Clubman and John Cooper Works models.

The vehicle went on sale on 2009-03-28.^[23]

MINI John Cooper Works Convertible was unveiled in 2009 Geneva International Motor Show.^[24]

MINI First (2009-)

It is a model sold in UK market. The engine was from MINI One, but it was rated 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp). Transmission choice only include 6-speed manual. It incorported MINIMALISM technologies including Auto Start-Stop, Brake Energy Regeneration, Variable Valve Technology and Shift Point Display.

The vehicle has base MSRP of £10,950.^[25]

The only difference in terms of standard specifications between a basic MINI One and the MINI First (when first made available) is the restricted engine, and the manual Air Conditioning that's included as standard on a MINI One, which is an option on a Mini First.

MINI E

It is a FWD electric vehicle with an electric motor rated 204 PS (150 kW; 201 hp) and 220 N·m (160 lb·ft), 380V 35 kilowatt-hours (130 MJ) lithium-ion battery with distance of 240 kilometres (150 mi). It has top speed of 152 km/h (94 mph).

The vehicle was unveiled in 2008 Los Angeles Auto Show.^[26]

When it was officially announced, BMW Group planned to built 500 vehicles at the end of 2008. The pilot project began in the US states of California, New York and New Jersey, with Europe being considered. The vehicles were rented under one-year lease with an extension option.

The vehicle gliders were built in Mini factory in Oxford, England, while batteries, electric drive and power electronics were manufactured in Munich plant. The components were then shipped to a specially equipped manufacturing complex situated on BMW plant premises where the electric motor, battery units, performance electronics and transmission would be integrated.^[27]

Eichiner hinted that there is a possibility that a fourth brand could be formed, but noting only if an advanced technology didn’t fit in a Rolls-Royce, BMW or Mini.^[28]

9,500 people signed up to lease the Mini E^{[citation needed]}, which cost $850/month.^[29][30]

Conversion

Nevada’s Hybrid Technologies has started production of its electric-powered Mini Cooper all-lithium model. The new electric Mini uses Hybrid Tech’s own proprietary advanced lithium management and battery-balancing system. Top speed is only around 80 mph (130 km/h) but driving at a slower speed preserves battery-life and means owners will be able to travel up to 120 miles (190 km) on a single charge.^[31]

EV Television EVTV.ME is publishing a series of videos documenting their conversion of a 2009 Mini Cooper Clubman to electric drive. The project uses a more powerful AC induction motor from MES-DEA and TIMS600 controller to provide 177 lb·ft (240 N·m) of torque. It uses 112 readily available Sky Energy 100Ah LiFePo4 cells to provide an energy storage of 40.3 kWh and a range of 125 miles (201 km). Top speed of 120 mph (190 km/h). This is an open source project using parts readily available to anyone from existing suppliers and intended for those inclined to do their own conversion of an existing 2009 Mini Cooper Clubman.

MINI Crossover Concept (2008)

The Mini Crossover Concept is over 4 metres long with four wheel drive, wide tyres and a single piece rear door and retractable rear window. Inside it has a large glass ball in the centre of the instrument panel called the 'Mini Centre Globe' including laser projection technology for 3D navigational routes and films. A production vehicle based on the Crossover Concept will be built starting in 2010 or 2011. It will be produced as the MINI Crossman.

The vehicle was unveiled in 2008 Paris Motor Show.^[32]

MINI Coupé Concept (2009)

It is a 2-seat concept vehicle inspired by classic Mini, but with coupé body. It includes engine from MINI John Cooper Works. The chrome radiator grille was from MINI Cooper S, but the inner section in the grille is finished with bars in body colour. It has luggage capacity is 250 litres.

The concept vehicle was unveiled in 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show.^[33]

BMW AG announced the production version would be built in Plant Oxford. Possible engine choice include 1.6-litre turbo from MINI John Cooper Works.^[34]

MINI Beachcomber Concept (2009)

On 16 December 2009 MINI revealed the Beachcomber Concept, which draws heavily on Moke styling, while being packed with modern equipment. The Beachcomber Concept is based on the R60 Crossover all-wheel drive platform and made its public debut at the Detroit auto show in January 2010.^[35]

MINI Countryman

In January 2010, MINI revealed the Countryman, which is their first Crossover SUV. The MINI Countryman will have four doors, as well as higher ground clearance and interior room than the standard hatchback. The Countryman has a 1.6-liter naturally-aspirated four-cylinder engine that produces 120 horsepower. A Countryman S trim level will add a turbocharger onto the engine, helping it produce 180 horsepower. An optional all-wheel-drive drivetrain will allow for minimal off-road and rugged terrain use.^[36]

Body types

Engines

Third generation

MINI Hatchback

Purported images^[37] of the third generation MINI appeared in mid-2009 and were published by the UK's Autocar magazine. However, it was later confirmed by MINI Design Director Gert Hildebrand, in an interview with MotoringFile, that the images were not authentic.^[38]

Beer-can exhaust

The team of designers working on the 2001 Mini had finished the full-sized clay mock-up of the Mini in plenty of time for a presentation for the board of directors. Chief designer Frank Stephenson realised that the model did not have an exhaust pipe. His short-term solution was to pick up an empty beer can, punch a hole in it, strip off the paint and push it into the clay at the back of the car, which took just a few minutes. The overall design for the mock-up was so good that the board members told him not to change a thing, resulting in the distinctive exhaust tip seen in production cars.^[1]

MINI Financial Services

In 2002 MINI Financial Services was started as the captive finance company for MINI with the purpose of offering financial solutions to MINI buyers. Their products include traditional financing, leasing and the Mini Platinum Visa Card.

In October 2009 MINI Financial Services launched a suite of MINI protection products called MINI Motoring Protection. This suite consists of:MINI Extended Motorer Protection, MINI Tire 'N Wheel Protection, MINI GAP Protection.

MINI Extended Motorer Protection, the extended service contract exclusively feature original equipment parts. Additionally, MINI Motorers have flexibility with the levels of protection, term and mileage. The products offer four tiers ranging from five to seven years, and from 70,000 – 100,000 miles and different levels of protection.

MINI Tire 'N Wheel Protection is all-new and will replace MINI Motorer's tires, not repair like the competition.

MINI Guaranteed Auto Protection (GAP) adds an extra layer of protection in the event your vehicle is stolen or is involved in an accident involving a total loss. In these situations, most insurance companies only reimburse the owner for the market value of the car. This along with the insurance deductable can create a significant “gap” between what the insurer will pay and what is owed to the lender. MINI GAP offers protection against these unexpected costs.

Internal designations

All Mini models have R-series model numbers assigned to them. These are a legacy of the Mini's original development within Rover Group. The following designations are known:^[39]

• R50: "Mk I" Mini One and Cooper (2001-2006)
• R52: "Mk I" Mini Convertible (2004-2008)
• R53: "Mk I" Mini Cooper S (2001-2006)
• R55: "Mk II" Mini Clubman, S and D (2007-present)
• R56: "Mk II" Mini One, Cooper, S and D (2006-present)
• R57: "Mk II" Mini Convertible (2009-present)

Production

The Mini is currently assembled at the plant at Cowley, Oxfordshire where 4,700 employees (referred to as 'associates') produce up to 800 cars each day (approximately 240,000 per year). The 16 country specific variants of the three main 4 cylinder petrol engines having been assembled at the Hams Hall Plant near Birmingham where there are 1,000 employees. Mini sub-assemblies and pressings such as doors are supplied by the plant at Swindon where 1,100 are employed and 280 pressed parts are produced using 135 welding robots. The bodyshop at Cowley holds 429 robots assembling 425 body panels, the bodyshells are then moved to the neighbouring paint shop where paint robots apply the 14 exterior colour options and optional contrasting roof colours. Final assembly at Cowley then involves the fitting of 2,400 components to produce the numerous variants that are available to order.^[40]

Criticism

Dr. Alex Moulton (designer of the suspension system for the classic Mini), spoke about the new Mini in an interview with MiniWorld magazine: "It's enormous - the original Mini was the best packaged car of all time - this is an example of how not to do it. It's huge on the outside and weighs the same as an Austin Maxi. The crash protection has been taken too far. I mean, what do you want, an armoured car? It is an irrelevance insofar as it has no part in the Mini story."^[41]

Critics^[who?] of the new Mini also cite the fact that it is 60 cm (two feet) longer, 30 cm (one foot) wider and almost twice the weight of the classic car - yet it has less rear leg room and less luggage space. Much of this is to do with modern crash protection requirements and the desire to incorporate features such as air conditioning, a supercharged engine, modern emissions controls and a higher level of front-seat comfort than the classic Mini was capable of.

First generation convertible owners frequently criticise the poor rear visibility in the convertible. With the roof up the wide areas of cloth down the sides of the car block visibility to the rear quarters and the lack of washer/wiper on the small rear window - combined with the tendency of all flat-backed cars to accumulate dirt on the rear - effectively eliminates all rear visibility. Even with the roof down, the large roll-protection bars above the back seats and the bunched up cloth of the folded roof tends to block a significant fraction of rearward visibility. In an attempt to counter this problem when reversing the car, the Mini convertible comes with rear-mounted proximity sensors as standard equipment (these are an optional extra on the hatchback Mini). In designing the second generation car, Mini responded to these issues by using pop up roll-bars, and larger rear window.

The rear (club) door of the MINI Clubman is on the starboard side of the car, regardless of the intended market. This means that in RHD markets (including the car's home market), the rear door is on the road side of the car, requiring rear passengers to exit into the road.

Owners of 2nd generation Cooper S models have been complaining about "Cold Start Death Rattle". ^[42][43] It has been reported that BMW has acknowledged this as a fault and has issued a PuMA Measure 10686850-13. ^[44]

Marketing

Mini paid for this Weekly World News story as a part of an advertising campaign in 2003

During the production of first generation Mini, as a joke and undoubtedly as a part of Mini's viral marketing approach, purchasers of the Mini convertible were asked to sign a "contract" promising that they would drive the car with the roof open at least 90% of the time. Mini also set up a telephone hotline (in the USA: 1-888-DO NOT CLOSE) which one may call to report convertible owners who are driving with the roof up inappropriately. The automated system offers such helpful advice as how to administer a wedgie to the offender.

Butler, Shine, Stern & Partners, Mini's advertising agency, produced a video series called Hammer & Coop, directed by Todd Phillips as part of an ad campaign for the Mini.^[45]

Crispin Porter + Bogusky, Mini's advertising agency, produced a movie called Counterfeit Mini Coopers as part of the ad campaign.^[46]

To advertise Mini Clubman's introduction to Chinese market, Beijing Mini offered a Mini Rickshaw, which uses the rear half of Mini Clubman.^[47]

In New Zealand, Mini sponsored Mad Men, broadcast on Prime. Special spots were created; for the first season, these took the form of a satirical, sexist 60s-style television commercial. For the second season, the spot was a pastiche of Mad Men's opening credits, with a silhouette figure tumbling out of an office building, landing in the driver's seat of a Mini.

Awards and popularity

Mini owners were invited to bring their cars to the world premiere of The Italian Job

Featured notably in the 2003 remake of The Italian Job, the Mini Cooper/Cooper S won the North American Car of the Year award for 2003.^[48]

The second largest market is now the USA. In 2008, three different Minis (a Clubman, the hatchback, and an Mk I convertible) were offered in the pricing game 1 Wrong Price on The Price Is Right after the show removed the Barker-era "Big Three Only" rule.

In 2008 the green version of the Mini, the Mini Cooper D, was nominated for WhatGreenCar.com Car of the Year Awards. The judges highly commended the Cooper D for its EfficientDynamics stop-start and regenerative braking technology and were hugely impressed by the driving experience offered by the car. It reached the shortlist for the Green Car Awards, but eventually lost out to the Ford Focus ECOnetic.

In 2009, the MINI was Britain's seventh best selling car - the first time the new MINI had appeared among the nation's top 10 selling cars. [1]

Racing

A new racing version of the Mini based on the R56 Cooper S, called the Mini John Cooper Works CHALLENGE, has been built, and was raced in the 2008 Mini Challenge.^[49] RSR Motorsports has entered three Mini Coopers in the KONI Challenge Series Street Tuner class.^[50]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: BMW Mini

• The Classic Mini

References

External links

• Official international Mini website

Video clips

• MINI YouTube channel
• EVTV Mini Cooper Electric Conversion VIdeos