For almost 2000 years, there has been no central authority in the Jewish world. There have been Yeshivas, rabbinic seminaries and academies, and at times, one or the other of these has been widely recognized as a major source of Jewish teaching, but it is very hard to find any time in history since the time of Solomon that the Jewish community has been entirely united. Solomon's kingdom split into the northern and southern kingdoms, Israel and Judah. The Babylonian captivity left behind the Samaritans, who may be the remnant of the northern kingdom. The Maccabean revolt was declared illegitimate by the Essenes, the Pharisees rejected the Saducees, Christianity was spun off. The Karaites rejected the Talmud. The Sephardic and Ashkenazic rites diverged (but never divorced each other). Sabateanism was born, the Misnagdim emerged as opponents of Hassidism, Reform Judasim emerged, and then Conservative Judaism, before the Hassidim and Misnagdim came to be labeled as what we now call Orthodoxy.