Molise
American Heritage Dictionary:
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Mo·li·se
A region of south-central Italy bordering on the Adriatic Sea. Conquered by the Romans in the 4th century B.C., it was ruled by a Lombard duchy from the 6th to the 11th century A.D.
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Molise
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Autonomous region (pop., 2001 prelim.: 316,548), south-central Italy. Its western sector is part of the Apennines, and the remainder consists mostly of low mountains and hills. Under Lombard rule during the early Middle Ages, it was controlled by the duchy of Benevento. In the 13th century it successively came under Angevin, Spanish, and Bourbon rulers. In 1860 it was joined to Abruzzi to form Abruzzi e Molise, which was incorporated into the Kingdom of Italy. In 1965 Abruzzi e Molise was divided back into the separate regions of Abruzzi and Molise. It is one of Italy's most rural regions; its capital, Campobasso, is the only city of any size.
For more information on Molise, visit Britannica.com.
Columbia Encyclopedia:
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Molise
Molise (mōlē'zā), region (1991 pop. 330,900), 1,714 sq mi (4,439 sq km), S central Italy, bordering on the Adriatic Sea in the east. Campobasso is the capital of the region, which is divided into the provinces of Campobasso and Isérnia. Mostly mountainous, Molise is crossed by the Apennines; there is a narrow coastal strip. The main occupation in the generally poor region is farming; cereals, pigs, and sheep are raised. Molise's few industries include the processing of food and the manufacture of clothing. Molise was conquered by the Romans in the 4th cent. B.C. After the fall of Rome it came under the Lombard duchy of Benevento (6th-11th cent.). From the 12th cent., it shared the history of Abruzzi.
Barron's Wine Lover's Companion:
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Molise; Molise DOC
[moh-LEE-seh] Small mountainous region in southern Italy, located along the Adriatic Sea south of abruzzi and north of apulia. This region has about 19,000 vineyard acres and three docs-Molise (or Del Molise), Pentro d' Isernia, and Biferno (which is so far the most important of the three). The main grape variety used for its white wines is trebbiano, but there are other white grapes used including bombino bianco and malvasia. The primary grape used for rosso and rosato wines is montepulciano, followed by Trebbiano and aglianico. Many of the area's better wines haven't used any of the DOCs on their label but rather are sold simply as vino da tavola. This may soon change because the Molise DOC, which was approved in 1998, allows a variety of white wines from grapes like chardonnay, Falanghina, Moscato, (muscat), Pinot Bianco (pinot blanc), and sauvignon blanc and red wines from varieties like Aglianico, cabernet sauvignon, montepulciano, and sangiovese. Such wines can be made without required percentages for the varieties used, as Biferno and Pentro d'Isernia do. The best-known producer here is Alessio Di Majo Norante.
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Molise
For other uses, see Molise (disambiguation).
| Molise | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| — Region of Italy — | |||
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| Country | Italy | ||
| Capital | Campobasso | ||
| Government | |||
| • President | Michele Iorio (PdL) | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 4,438 km2 (1,714 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2010-11-30) | |||
| • Total | 319,834 | ||
| • Density | 72/km2 (190/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| GDP/ Nominal | € 6.5[1] billion (2008) | ||
| GDP per capita | € 20,100[2] (2008) | ||
| NUTS Region | ITF | ||
| Website | www.regione.molise.it | ||
Coordinates: 41°41′59″N 14°36′40″E / 41.6997°N 14.6111°E
Molise (pronounced [moˈliːze]) (Molisano: Mulise) is a region of Southern Italy, the second smallest of the regions. It was formerly (until 1963) part of the region of Abruzzi e Molise (with Abruzzo) and now a separate entity. The region covers 4,438 km² and has a population of about 300,000.
Molise is the newest Italian region, since it was established in 1963, when the region Abruzzi e Molise was split in two. It became effective only in 1970.
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Economy
Though there is a large Fiat plant (Termoli), the industrial sector is dominated by the building industry with small and medium-sized farms spread widely throughout the region. Another important industry is food processing: pasta, meat, milk products, oil and wine are the traditional products of the region. In the services sector the most important industries are distribution, hotels and catering, followed by transport and communications, banking and insurance. With few exceptions, in all sectors firms are small, and this explains the difficulties encountered when marketing products on a national scale.[3]
After the earthquake of 2002 some of the communities in Molise adopted a policy which contributed state money to individuals willing to make their homes more resistant to seismic activity. Larino, near Termoli, was a particular beneficiary of this policy and the town, already one of the most beautiful in the province, has been transformed. It was policy to return the houses to their historical colours and, based on careful research, the structures were painted in a range of soft pastel tones. As a result Larino has become an important centre for tourism and scores of expatriates from all over the world are returning to live in the revived centro storico (antique centre).
International tourism is becoming more evident largely as a result of the international flights from other European states, Great Britain, and North America which enter Pescara not far to the north in Abruzzo. The tourists are attracted by large expanses of unspoiled beaches, a relative lack of congestion, and the gentle pace of life.
Agriculture
Agriculture, involving small and micro holdings, is currently offering high-quality products. The agricultural holdings produce wine, cereals, olive oil, vegetables, fruits and dairy products. Traditional products are Grass Pea (cicerchia) and Farro. Molise's authoctonous grape is Tintilia which has been rediscovered during the last ten years.
Demographics
| Historical populations | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1861 | 355,000 | — |
| 1871 | 374,000 | +5.4% |
| 1881 | 382,000 | +2.1% |
| 1901 | 395,000 | +3.4% |
| 1911 | 396,000 | +0.3% |
| 1921 | 383,000 | −3.3% |
| 1931 | 377,000 | −1.6% |
| 1936 | 388,000 | +2.9% |
| 1951 | 407,000 | +4.9% |
| 1961 | 358,000 | −12.0% |
| 1971 | 320,000 | −10.6% |
| 1981 | 328,000 | +2.5% |
| 1991 | 331,000 | +0.9% |
| 2001 | 321,000 | −3.0% |
| 2010 (Est.) | 319,000 | −0.6% |
| Source: ISTAT 2001 | ||
The density of the population in Molise is well below the national average. In 2008, Molise registered 72.3 inhabitants per km2, compared to a national figure of 198.8. The region is subdivided into two provinces: Campobasso and Isernia, covering together 1.5% of the Italian territory and less than 1% of its population. The larger province in terms of surface area is Campobasso (2,909 km2) and the smaller is Isernia (1,529 km2). The province of Campobasso is the more densely populated of the two provinces, with 79.4 inhabitants per km2, whereas Isernia registered 58.9 inhabitants per km2.[4] At the end of 2008 the most populous towns were Campobasso (51,247 inhabitants), Termoli (32,420) and Isernia (21,811).
In the period 1951-71, large-scale emigration to other countries of the European Union, to other parts of Italy and overseas led to a significant decline in the population of Molise. Negative net migration persisted until 1981. Large-scale emigration has caused many of the smaller towns and villages to lose over 60% of their population, while only a small number of larger towns have recorded significant gains. From 1982 to 1994, net migration has been positive, then followed by a negative trend until 2001. Between 1991 (330,900 inhabitants) and 2001 (320,601 inhabitants), the population of the region decreased by 3.1%;[4] since 2001 the population remained stable.
In the region there are two ethnic minorities: the Molisan Croats (5,000 people who speak an old Dalmatian dialect of the Croatian language) and the Molisan Albanians (who speak a divergent variety of Albanian, Arbëresh, very different from the Albanian spoken on the other side of the Adriatic Sea). Molisan Albanians are generally of the Byzantine Catholic religion, while Molise Croats are generally Catholics.
Government and politics
Main article: Politics of Molise
Although the region has a center-right local government, at the April 2006 elections, Molise gave 50.5% of its votes to Romano Prodi of the centre-to-left Olive Tree party. Nonetheless, in November of the same year, Michele Iorio (centre-right candidate), won the regional election with over 54% of votes.
Administrative divisions
Molise comprises two provinces:
| Province | Area (km²) | Population | Density (inh./km²) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Province of Campobasso | 2,909 | 231,921 | 79.7 |
| Province of Isernia | 1,529 | 88,931 | 58.2 |
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Molise is twinned with:
See also
- 2002 Molise earthquake
- Ndocciata, a torchlight parade traditionally held in Molise on Christmas Eve
- Molise Croatian dialect
References
- ^ "Eurostat - Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table". Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. 2011-08-12. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tgs00003&plugin=1. Retrieved 2011-09-16.
- ^ EUROPA - Press Releases - Regional GDP per inhabitant in 2008 GDP per inhabitant ranged from 28% of the EU27 average in Severozapaden in Bulgaria to 343% in Inner London
- ^ "Eurostat". Circa.europa.eu. http://circa.europa.eu/irc/dsis/regportraits/info/data/en/itf2_eco.htm. Retrieved 2009-05-05.
- ^ a b "Eurostat". Circa.europa.eu. 2001-01-01. http://circa.europa.eu/irc/dsis/regportraits/info/data/en/itf2_pop.htm. Retrieved 2009-05-05.
- ^ "Nowy Sącz - Partner Cities". © 2008-2009 Urząd Miasta Nowego Sącza, Rynek 1, 33-300 Nowy Sącz. http://www.nowysacz.pl/?p=1&p2=167&main=inc-miastapar. Retrieved 2009-08-03.
External links
- Official Site of the Regione Molise (Italian)
- Molise Region information site (Italian)
- Images of Molise
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American Heritage Dictionary
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. © 1994-2012 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more
Columbia Encyclopedia
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/.
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Barron's Wine Lover's Companion
Wine Lover's Companion. Copyright © 2003 by Barron's Educational Series, Inc. All rights reserved.
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