muscular

adj.

1. Of, relating to, or consisting of muscle: muscular contraction.
2. Having well-developed muscles: a muscular build.
3. Having or suggesting great forcefulness, especially at the expense of subtlety: muscular reasoning that does not bother with the finer points; muscular advocacy groups.

[From Latin mūsculus, muscle. See muscle.]

muscularity mus'cu·lar'i·ty (-lăr'ĭ-tē) n.
muscularly mus'cu·lar·ly adv.

SYNONYMS   muscular, athletic, brawny, burly, sinewy. These adjectives mean strong and powerfully built: a muscular build; an athletic swimmer; brawny arms; a burly stevedore; a lean and sinewy frame.

adjective

Characterized by marked muscular development; powerfully built: athletic, brawny, burly, husky², robust, sinewy, sturdy. See strong/weak.

adj

Definition: powerfully built
Antonyms: delicate, flabby, infirm, puny, skinny, weak

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1. Pertaining to muscle.

2. Applied to a person with well-developed muscles.

1. pertaining to a muscle.
2. having well developed muscles.

• m. asymmetry — due usually to neuronal or disuse atrophy on one side of the body.
• m. atrophy — wasting away of muscle or a muscle because of reduction in cross sectional area of muscle fibers; may be due to disease of the muscle or its nerve supply, or to disuse or nutritional inadequacy. See also hereditary spinal muscular atrophy (below).
• m. degeneration — varies in severity from degeneration of only the myofibrils or degeneration of the myofibrils plus sarcoplasm, leaving satellite cells and myonuclei and sarcolemmal laminae unaffected, or further levels of increasing severity.
• m. denervation — destruction or congenital absence of the motor nerve supply to the muscle; manifested by paralysis and atrophy and absence of spinal reflexes.
• m. denervation atrophy — progressive shrinkage of muscle fibers when the nerve supply to the muscle is severed.
• Duchenne m. dystrophy — an X-linked inherited disease in humans, which is believed to be due to a deficiency of a membrane-associated protein, dystrophin. An analogous disease has been identified in Irish terriers, Golden retrievers and mice.
• m. dystrophy — any degenerative muscular disorder due to faulty nutrition of the muscles. Causes muscle weakness, liberation of myoglobin into the circulation from skeletal muscle and subsequent wasting and possible contracture. In humans there are a group of genetically determined, painless, degenerative myopathies that are progressively crippling because muscles are gradually weakened and eventually atrophy. In food animals the principal disease in this group is enzootic muscular dystrophy caused by a nutritional deficiency of selenium and/or vitamin E. Sporadic cases of muscular dystrophy of unknown etiology occur rarely in dogs.
• m. fascicle — see fascicle.
• m. fasciculation — see fasciculation.
• m. fatigue — during brief, intense exercise probably due in large part to the accumulation of lactate.
• hereditary spinal m. atrophy — progressive degeneration of the motor cells of the spinal cord. It is an inherited, slowly progressive flaccid tetraparesis from an early age, with muscular atrophy. Occurs as an autosomal recessive trait in Swedish lapland dogs, a dominant trait in Brittany spaniels. Also reported in German shepherd dogs, English pointers and Rottweilers. See also hereditary neuronal abiotrophy of Swedish Lapland dogs. In cattle, inherited as an autosomal recessive trait and reported in Brown Swiss, Holstein-Friesian and Red Danish calves with an onset at 3 to 8 weeks of age. There is hind limb ataxia progressing to recumbancy. Associated with lesions in the lower motor neurons of the cervical and lumbar spinal cord.
• m. hernia — hernia through an enclosing muscle sheath.
• m. hyperplasia — an increase in the size of a muscle mass due to an increase in the number of muscle cells. See also myofiber hyperplasia, ileal muscular hypertrophy.
• m. hypertrophy — an increase in the size of a muscle mass due to an increase in the length and thickness of each muscle cell without any increase in the number of cells.
• m. ischemia — short duration or temporary or partial cessation of blood supply causes loss of muscle power and possibly some muscle fiber necrosis; long duration or severe or complete cessation cause ischemic muscle necrosis and atrophy. See also compartment syndrome, downer cow syndrome.
• m. ischemic necrosis — see ischemic myonecrosis.
• m. mineralization — ectopic deposition of minerals in muscle. See mineralization.
• myelopathic m. atrophy — muscular atrophy due to a lesion of the spinal cord, as in spinal muscular atrophy.
• nutritional m. dystrophy — see muscular dystrophy (above).
• m. parasitic diseases — includes cysticercosis, hepatozoonosis, Neosprum caninum myositis, sarcocystosis, toxoplasmosis, trichenellosis.
• m. receptors — muscle spindles which respond to stretch.
• m. steatosis — excess fat deposits in muscle; a problem only at meat hygiene inspection.
• m. vascular occlusive syndrome — see ischemic myonecrosis.
• m. weakness — see weakness.
• X-linked m. dystrophy — see Duchenne muscular dystrophy (above).

IN BRIEF: Having to do with the tissues that produce motion. Also: Strong.

Emotional release and muscular release are interdependent — one does not occur without the other. — Elaine Mayland.

Dansk (Danish)
adj. - muskulær, muskel-, muskuløs

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    muskeldystrofi, muskelsvind

Nederlands (Dutch)
gespierd, spier-

Français (French)
adj. - (Anat) musculaire, (fig) musclé (attitude, prise de position)

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    dystrophie musculaire

Deutsch (German)
adj. - muskulär, Muskel-, muskulös

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    Muskeldystrophie, Muskelschwund

Ελληνική (Greek)
adj. - μυώδης, (ανατ.) μυϊκός, (καθομ.) σθεναρός, γεροδεμένος

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    (παθολ.) μυϊκή δυστροφία

Italiano (Italian)
muscolare, muscoloso

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    distrofia muscolare

Português (Portuguese)
adj. - muscular

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    distrofia muscular (f) (Med.)

Русский (Russian)
мышечный, мускулистый

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    атрофия мышц

Español (Spanish)
adj. - muscular, musculoso

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    distrofia muscular

Svenska (Swedish)
adj. - muskel-, muskulös

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
强壮的, 有力的, 肌肉发达的

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    肌失养症, 肌肉痿缩症

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
adj. - 強壯的, 有力的, 肌肉發達的

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    肌失養症, 肌肉痿縮症

한국어 (Korean)
adj. - 근육의, 힘센

日本語 (Japanese)
adj. - 筋の, 筋肉の, 筋骨たくましい, 強い

idioms:

• muscular dystrophy    筋ジストロフィー

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(صفه) عضلي‏

עברית (Hebrew)
adj. - ‮שרירי, חזק‬

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