The biological class that spiders belong to is Arachnida, and in ordinary English they are called arachnids.
Spiders are:
animals
almost always predators
almost always insectivores
almost always venomous
almosst always beneficial
octopeds
Araneae, which just means "spiders"
Some are Mygalomorphae, which is a group that includes the tarantulas
Some are Araneomorphae, which is the group that includes most of the spider people see in their daily lives, e.g., the orb-weaving spiders