naphtha

1. Any of several highly volatile, flammable liquid mixtures of hydrocarbons distilled from petroleum, coal tar, and natural gas and used as fuel, as solvents, and in making various chemicals.
2. Obsolete. Petroleum.

[Latin, from Greek, liquid bitumen, of Semitic origin.]

Any one of a wide variety of volatile hydrocarbon mixtures. They are sometimes obtained from coal tar but are more often derived from petroleum. Physical properties vary widely. The initial boiling point may be as low as 27°C (80°F), and end points may reach 260°C (500°F). Boiling ranges are sometimes as narrow as 11°C (20°F) or as wide as 110°C (200°F). Products sold as naphthas find their greatest use as solvents, thinners, or carriers.

There is a fairly sharp differentiation between aliphatic and aromatic naphthas. Aliphatic naphthas are relatively low in odor and toxicity and tend, also, to be low in solvent power. The aromatic naphthas are highly solvent. Their main components are toluene and xylenes; benzene is less desirable because of the extreme toxicity of its vapors. See also Petroleum products.

A distillate of petroleum or coal; generally has low solvency and high volatility; used as a solvent in paints and varnishes.

Dansk (Danish)
n. - nafta

Nederlands (Dutch)
nafta

Français (French)
n. - naphte

Deutsch (German)
n. - (chem.) Naphtha

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - (χημ.) νάφθα, νέφτι

Italiano (Italian)
nafta

Português (Portuguese)
n. - nafta (f)

Русский (Russian)
тяжелое смазочное масло, лигроин

Español (Spanish)
n. - nafta

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - nafta

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
挥发油, 石脑油

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 揮發油, 石腦油

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 휘발유[석유]

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - ナフサ, 石油

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) نفط, نفثالين‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮סוגי נפט‬

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