National Center for Biotechnology Information logo
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the
National Institutes of Health. The NCBI is located in Bethesda, Maryland and was founded in 1988. The NCBI houses
genome sequencing data in GenBank and an index of biomedical research articles in PubMed Central
and PubMed, as well as other information relevant to biotechnology. All these databases are available online through the Entrez
search engine.
The NCBI is directed by David Lipman, one of the original authors of the
BLAST sequence alignment program and a widely respected figure in Bioinformatics. He also leads an intramural research program, including groups led by Stephen Altschul (another BLAST co-author), David Landsman, and
Eugene Koonin (a prolific author on comparative
genomics).
GenBank
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The NCBI has had responsibility for making available the GenBank DNA sequence database since 1992. GenBank coordinates with individual laboratories and other sequence
databases such as those of the European Molecular Biology
Laboratory (EMBL) and the DNA Database of Japan (DDBJ).
Since 1992, NCBI has grown to provide other databases in addition to GenBank. NCBI provides
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, the Molecular Modeling Database (3D
protein structures), the Unique Human Gene Sequence Collection, a Gene Map of the Human
genome, a Taxonomy Browser, and coordinates with the National Cancer Institute to provide the Cancer Genome Anatomy
Project. The NCBI assigns a unique identifier (Taxonomy ID number) to each species of organism.
The NCBI has software tools that are available by WWW browsing or by FTP. For example,
BLAST is a sequence similarity searching program. BLAST can do sequence comparisons against the
GenBank DNA database in less than 15 seconds.
NCBI Bookshelf
The NCBI Bookshelf is a collection of freely available, on-line versions of selected biomedical books. As of March
2006, the Bookshelf had 55
titles covering aspects of molecular biology, biochemistry, cell biology, genetics, microbiology, a couple of disease states from a molecular and
cellular point of view, research methods, and virology. Some of the books are online versions
of previously published books, while others, such as Coffee Break (book), are
written and edited by NCBI staff. The Bookshelf is a complement to the Entrez PubMed repository
of peer-reviewed publication abstracts in that Bookshelf contents provide
established perspectives on evolving areas of study and a context in which many disparate individual pieces of reported research
can be organized.
See also
External links
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