National emblem

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A national emblem symbolically represents a nation. Most national emblems originate in the natural world, such as animals or birds, but another object may serve. National emblems may appear on many things such as the national flag, coat of arms, or other patriotic materials. One should not confuse a formal national emblem with less formal symbols perhaps associated with tourism or clichés, for example windmills in the Netherlands. Many unofficial symbols are as or even more important than the official ones. However official symbols are defined by law, which guarantees the proper use of them.

The national emblems of nations of the world in alphabetical order.

National animals (National fauna)

• Afghanistan – Marco Polo Sheep (national animal) and Lion (official); Eagle (national bird)
• Argentina – Puma, Rufous Hornero (bird)
• Armenia – Eagle and Lion
• Albania – Double-headed eagle
• Australia – Kangaroo, Emu, Koala (unofficial)
• Austria – Eagle (Bundesadler)
• Bahamas – West Indian Flamingo (national bird), Blue Marlin (national fish)
• Bangladesh – Royal Bengal Tiger (National Animal), Magpie Robin (National Bird), Ilish (National Fish: Also known as Hilsa Fish)
• Barbados – Brown Pelican (national bird), Dolphin fish (national fish), Flying Fish (national dish)
• Belarus – Wisent
• Belgium – Lion (Leo Belgicus)
• Belize- Baird's Tapir
• Bhutan – Takin (Budorcas taxicolor tibetana)
• Bolivia – Llama, Condor
• Brazil – Jaguar, Macaw
• Bulgaria – Lion
• Cambodia – Lion, Kouprey (mammal), Giant Ibis (bird), Elephant
• Canada – Beaver, Canadian Horse (both official); commonly upheld as symbols, though unofficial: Canada Lynx, Grizzly Bear, Lune, Canadian Goose, Cougar, Polar Bear, Grey Wolf, Orca Whale
• Chile – Condor, Huemul
• People's Republic of China – Chinese Dragon, Giant panda (mammal)
• Colombia – Andean Condor
• Costa Rica – Clay-colored Robin (bird), White-tailed deer (animal)
• Croatia – Dalmatian, Marten
• Cyprus – Cyprus Mouflon, Dove
• Cuba – Cuban Crocodile
• Czech Republic – Double-tailed Lion
• Denmark – Lion, Mute Swan
• Dominican Republic – Palmchat (official), Ashy-faced Owl, Hispaniolan Parrot
• East Timor – Crocodile
• Ecuador -Andean Condor
• Egypt – Saladin's Eagle
• El Salvador – Turquoise-browed Motmot – Eumomota superciliosa (Torogoz)
• England - Lion, Bulldog
• Eritrea – Camel
• Estonia - Barn Swallow
• Ethiopia – Abyssinian Lion (also known as the Lion of Judah)
• Finland – Lion, Whooper Swan, Brown Bear, European perch, Ladybird
• France – Gallic rooster
• Germany – Eagle, (Bundesadler)
• Greece – Dolphin, Phoenix
• Guatemala – Quetzal
• Guyana – Canje Pheasant, Jaguar
• Haiti – Hispaniolan Trogon (official), Hispaniolan Parrot
• Honduras – White-tailed deer, Scarlet Macaw
• Hungary – Turul
• Iceland – Falcon
• India – Royal Bengal Tiger ^[1] (national animal), Peacock^[2] (national bird), King Cobra (national reptile), Gangetic River Dolphin^[3] (national aquatic animal), Elephant (National heritage animal)
• Indonesia – Garuda (mythical vahana of Vishnu) or Javan Hawk-eagle, Komodo dragon & Asian arowana
• Iran – Lion
• Ireland – Irish Wolfhound, Irish Setter, Irish Elk
• Israel – Hoopoe
• Italy – Italian wolf
• Jamaica – Green-and-black Streamertail
• Japan – Pheasant, Koi
• North Korea – Korean Tiger
• South Korea – Korean Tiger
• Laos – Elephant
• Republic of Macedonia – Lion (in Macedonian heraldry), Lynx, Ohrid trout
• Malaysia – Malayan Tiger
• Maldives – Yellowfin tuna
• Malta – Blue Rock Thrush (bird), Pharaoh Hound
• Mexico – Golden Eagle
• Moldova – Aurochs
• Monaco – European Hedgehog, European Rabbit, Wood Mouse
• Montenegro – Montenegrin Mountain Hound
• Nepal – Cow
• Netherlands – Lion
• New Zealand – Kiwi
• Nicaragua – Turquoise-browed Motmot
• Norway – Lion, Goldcrest
• Ossetia – Snow Leopard
• Pakistan – Markhor (national animal), Chukar (national bird)
• Palestine – Palestine Sunbird
• Panama – Harpy Eagle
• Papua New Guinea – Raggiana Bird of Paradise^[4]
• Peru – Vicuña (National animal), Andean Cock-of-the-rock (National bird)
• Philippines – Philippine Eagle (National bird)
• Poland – White-tailed Eagle
• Puerto Rico – Coqui
• Portugal – Galo de Barcelos
• Qatar – Oryx
• Romania – Golden Eagle
• Russia – Bear, Golden Bicephalic Eagle
• Saint Kitts and Nevis – Vervet Monkey (mammal), Brown Pelican (bird)
• Scotland - Unicorn and Lion
• Serbia – Serbian eagle (= a White Bicephalic Eagle), Wolf
• Singapore – Merlion, Lion
• Slovenia – Lipizzan, Goldenhorn, Proteus, Lynx, Alpine Ibex, Carniolan honey bee
• South Africa – Springbok Antelope, Elephant (mammals), Blue Crane (bird)
• Spain – Bull (unofficial; e.g. Osborne bull)
• Sri Lanka – Jungle Fowl (National Bird)
• Sudan – Secretary Bird
• Sweden – Lion, Mountain Hare
• Syrian Arab Republic – Hawk of Qureish
• Republic of China (Taiwan) – Masu salmon^{[citation needed]}, Formosan blue magpie (bird)
• Tanzania – Peacock
• Thailand – Thai Elephant
• Trinidad and Tobago – Scarlet Ibis (bird of Trinidad), Rufous-vented Chachalaca (bird of Tobago)
• United Arab Emirates – Peregrine Falcon, Arabian Horse
• Uganda – Grey Crowned Crane
• United Kingdom – Lion and Unicorn, Bulldog, Lion (animals), Robin (bird)
• United States of America – Bald Eagle, American Bison
• Venezuela – Turpial
• Vietnam - Water Buffalo, Dragon
• Wales - Dragon

Flowers

See Floral emblem

• Afghanistan - Tulip
• Albania - Red poppy
• Argentina - Ceibo
• Australia - Golden Wattle
• Austria - Edelweiss
• Bahamas - Yellow Elder
• Bangladesh - White Water Lily
• Barbados - Pride of Barbados
• Belgium - Red poppy
• Belize - Black orchid
• Bermuda - Blue-eyed Grass
• Bhutan - Blue poppy
• Bolivia - Patujú and Kantuta
• Brazil - Cattleya Orchid
• Bulgaria - Rose
• Chile - Copihue
• Colombia - Cattleya Orchid
• Costa Rica - Guarianthe skinneri
• Croatia - Iris croatica
• Cuba - White Ginger Lily - "Mariposa"
• Cyprus - Cyclamen
• Denmark - Red clover
• Egypt - Lotus
• England - Rose, Tudor Rose
• Estonia - Cornflower
• Ethiopia - Calla lily
• Faroe Islands - Marsh Marigold
• Finland - Lily of the Valley
• Germany - Cornflower
• Gibraltar - Candytuft
• Guatemala - Orchid - "Monja Blanca"
• Guyana - Victoria waterlily
• Hungary - Tulip
• Iceland - Mountain Avens
• India - Lotus - Nelumbo Nucipera Gaertn ^[5]
• Indonesia - Jasminum sambac, Moon orchid & Rafflesia arnoldi
• Iran – Tulip (depicted on the Flag of Iran)
• Iraq - Rose
• Ireland - Shamrock
• Israel - Cyclamen
• Jamaica - Lignum vitae (Guaiacum officinale)
• Japan - Cherry blossom
• Jordan - Black Iris
• South Korea - Hibiscus
• Laos - Plumeria (champa)
• Latvia - Ox-eye daisy
• Libya - Pomegranate
• Lithuania - Rue
• Malaysia - Hibiscus
• Malta - Maltese Centaury
• Mexico - Dahlia
• Monaco - Carnation
• Namibia - Welwitschia
• Netherlands - Tulip
• New Zealand - Kowhai
• Nicaragua - Sacuanjoche
• Norway - Saxifrage
• Pakistan - Jasminum officinale - "Poet's Jasmine"
• Panama - Holy Ghost Orchid
• Peru - Cantuta
• Philippines - Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac)
• Poland - Corn poppy
• Puerto Rico - Flor de Maga
• Romania - Dog rose
• Scotland - Thistle
• Singapore - Orchid - "Vanda Miss Joaquim"
• South Africa - King Protea
• Spain - Carnation
• Sri Lanka - Blue Lily
• Switzerland - Edelweiss
• Republic of China (Taiwan) - Plum blossom (梅花)
• Tonga - Heilala
• Trinidad and Tobago - Chaconia
• Tunisia - Jasmine
• Turkey - Tulip
• United States of America - Rose
• Venezuela - Cattleya orchid - "Flor de Mayo"
• Vietnam - Lotus
• Wales - Daffodil
• Zimbabwe - Flame Lily

Fruits

See List of national fruits

• Bangladesh – Jackfruit
• India – Mango^[6]
• Indonesia – Durian (King of fruit) and Mangosteen (Queen of fruit) ^[7]
• Malaysia – Durian
• Pakistan – Mango (Summer fruit) and Guava (Winter fruit)
• Philippines - Mango
• Serbia - Plum

Gemstones

• Australia - Opal

Trees

• Albania – Olive
• Antigua - Whitewood
• Argentina – Ceibo^[8], Red Quebracho^[9]
• Bangladesh – Mango Tree
• The Bahamas – Lignum Vitae (Guaiacum sanctum)^[10]
• Belize – Honduras Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)
• Bhutan – Bhutan Cypress (Cupressus cashmeriana)
• Brazil – Tabebuia alba
• Cambodia – Palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer)^[11]
• Canada – Maple, the Maple Leaf, (especially the stylized flag version) being the most internationally recognizable Canadian symbol.
• Chile – Araucaria araucana
• People's Republic of China – Gingko biloba
• Colombia – Quindio wax palm (Ceroxylon quindiuense)
• Costa Rica – Guanacaste (Enterolobium cyclocarpum)
• Croatia – Slavonian Oak
• Cuba – Palma Real (Roystonea regia)^[12]
• Cyprus – Golden oak (Quercus alnifolia)
• Czech Republic – linden
• Denmark – beech
• Dominican Republic – West Indian Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni)^[13]
• El Salvador – Maquilishuat – (Tabebuia rosea)
• Estonia – Oak
• Finland – Birch, Silver Birch
• Germany – Oak
• Greece – Olive, Laurel
• Guatemala – Ceiba
• Honduras – Hazelnut pine
• India – Banyan^[14]
• Indonesia – Teak
• Ireland – Sessile Oak
• State of Israel – Olive
• Italy – Olive & Oak
• Jamaica – Blue Mahoe (Talipariti elatum)
• Japan – Cherry blossom, Cryptomeria
• North Korea – Magnolia
• South Korea – Pine
• Lebanon – Lebanon Cedar
• Madagascar – Baobab
• Maldives – Coconut palm
• Malta – Għargħar
• Mexico – Ahuehuete (Taxodium mucronatum)^[15]
• Moldova – Oak
• Nepal – Rhododendron
• New Zealand – Silver fern
• Pakistan – Deodar (Cedrus Deodara)
• Palestine – Olive
• Panama – Panama tree (Sterculia apetala)
• Paraguay – lapacho (Tabebuia impetiginosa)
• Peru – Cinchona – Kiwicha
• Philippines – Narra
• Poland – Alder^[16]
• Portugal – Cork oak^[17]
• Russia – Birch tree
• Saudi Arabia – Phoenix palm
• Senegal – Baobab
• Serbia – Oak and Serbian Spruce (Picea omorika)
• Slovakia – Linden
• Slovenia – Tilia (linden)
• South Africa – Real yellowwood
• Sri Lanka – Mesua ferrea
• Tanzania – African Blackwood
• Thailand – Rachapruek (Cassia fistula)
• Ukraine – Guelder Rose, Willow, Pine
• United Arab Emirates - Ghaf
• United Kingdom – Royal Oak
• United States – Oak
• Uruguay – Peltophorum dubium
• Venezuela – Araguaney (Tabebuia chrysantha)
• Vietnam – Bamboo, Rice

Inanimate objects

• Afghanistan - Crescent moon and star
• Albania – castle of Kruja, Crown of Skanderbeg
• Argentina – Yerba mate, Obelisk of Buenos Aires
• Armenia – Mount Ararat
• Azerbaijan – Fire
• Bangladesh ?
• Brazil – Southern Cross, Christ the Redeemer, Sugarloaf Mountain
• Canada – Niagara Falls, North Pole, Avro Arrow, Canadarm, Bluenose, Canadian National Railway, Snowbirds, Cheddar, Maple Syrup, Snowmobile, Hockey, Basketball
• People's Republic of China – Tiananmen, The Great Wall
• Chile – Pisco
• Cambodia – Angkor Wat
• Colombia – Poporo Quimbaya
• Croatia – Checkerboard (šahovnica), Croatian wattle
• Denmark – The Round Tower
• Estonia – Limestone
• Egypt – Pyramids of Giza
• France – Fleur-de-lis, Eiffel Tower
• Germany – Iron Cross, Brandenburg Gate
• Greece – Parthenon, sea
• Guatemala – Temple I of Tikal, St. Clara's Arch in Antigua Guatemala, Lake Atitlan
• India – the Lion Capital of Asoka, spinning wheel (Asoka Chakra) ^[18], Taj Mahal
• Indonesia – Borobudur
• Iran – Takht e Jamshid (Persepolis)
• Ireland – Celtic harp called a cláirseach (official), harp on coat of arms etc. (official), Celtic Cross
• Israel – the menorah
• Italy – Stellone d'Italia, Colosseum, Leaning Tower of Pisa
• Japan – the Sun, depicted without rays, Mount Fuji
• South Korea – Taegeuk, Namdaemun
• Laos – the Pha That Luang
• Lebanon – Baalbek, Byblos
• Republic of Macedonia – Makedonium (monument)
• Malaysia – Petronas Tower
• Malta – Ħaġar Qim, Mnajdra, Azure Window
• Mexico - Our Lady of Guadalupe, Castillo de Chapultepec, Teotihuacan, el Zocalo, sombrero, chocolate, mariachis.
• New Zealand – Southern Cross (4 stars)
• Pakistan – Minar-e-Pakistan (Tower of Pakistan)
• Palestine ?
• Philippines – Eight-Rayed Sun and Three Stars, Banaue Rice Terraces, Calesa, Jeepney
• Peru – Machu Picchu, Pisco and Cajón
• Poland – the old Castle
• Portugal – Belém Tower, Armillary sphere
• Russia – Moscow Kremlin, Saint Basil's Cathedral, Matryoshka doll, AK47
• San Marino - Three Towers of San Marino
• Saudi Arabia – the sword of justice, Kaaba Mosque
• Serbia – Serbian cross, Plain of Kosovo
• Slovenia – Triglav with Aljaž Tower
• South Africa - Table Mountain
• Soviet Union – Hammer and sickle
• Sweden – Three Crowns
• Switzerland – Alphorn
• Republic of China (Taiwan) – Blue Sky with a White Sun
• Thailand – Grand Palace, Ko Tapu
• United Kingdom – The Crown (currently St Edward's Crown), Big Ben
• United States – Statue of Liberty, Mount Rushmore, Liberty Bell
• Vietnam – Văn Miếu, Dong Son drums

Nationalized patriotic symbols

• Afghanistan - National Emblem - (shown on the Afghanistan flag)
• Albania – Double-headed eagle
• Algeria - Star and crescent
• Argentina – Sun of May, Cockade of Argentina
• Armenia - Mayr Hayastan (Mother Armenia)
• Australia – Southern Cross
• Austria - Black Eagle wearing broken chains
• Azerbaijan - Star and crescent, Star and Flame
• Bangladesh – Red Sun
• Barbados - Trident head
• Bosnia and Herzegovina – Lilium bosniacum
• Bhutan – Dragon
• Brazil – Southern Cross
• Canada – Maple Leaf
• Chile – Lonely Star
• People's Republic of China – The Great Wall
• Croatia – Chequy
• Denmark - Nordic Cross
• Dominica - Sisserou parrot
• Egypt - Saladin's Eagle
• Eritrea - Olive wreath
• Ethiopia - Pentagram
• Faroe Islands - Nordic Cross
• Finland – Finland's Lion, Nordic Cross
• France – Fleur-de-lis (Ancien Régime), Tricolore
• Georgia - Five red crosses, Kartlis Deda
• Germany – Iron Cross, Black Eagle, Black-red-gold
• Gibraltar - Red castle with gold key
• Greece – Greek Cross, Double-headed eagle, Vergina Sun
• Grenada - Nutmeg
• Hungary – Patriarchal cross and three mountains, Árpád's lines, Holy Crown
• Iceland - Nordic Cross
• India – Ashoka Chakra, Lion Capital of Asoka
• Indonesia – Garuda Pancasila
• Iran – Lion and Sun, Coat of arms of Iran
• Ireland – Harp, Shamrock
• Isle of Man – Triskelion
• Israel – Star of David
• Italy – Italia Turrita, Tricolore
• Japan – Chrysanthemum Throne, Imperial Seal of Japan
• Kazakhstan - Sun and steppe eagle
• Kenya - Masai shield and spears
• North Korea - Red Star
• South Korea – Taegeuk
• Kyrgyzstan - Sun and yurt
• Lebanon – Cedar
• Lesotho - Straw Hat (mokorotlo)
• Libya - Star and crescent (1951-69 and since Libyan civil war)
• Lithuania - Vytis (Mounted knight), Patriarchal cross
• Republic of Macedonia – eight-rayed sun, Vergina Sun
• Malaysia – Bintang Persekutuan (Federal Stars)
• Malta – George Cross, Maltese Cross
• Mauritania - Star and crescent
• Mexico - Eagle, snake and cactus
• Mongolia - Soyombo symbol
• Montenegro - Double-headed eagle
• Morocco - Pentagram
• New Zealand - Southern Cross (four stars)
• Norway - Nordic Cross
• Oman – National Emblem of Oman
• Pakistan - Star and crescent
• Palestine ?
• Papua New Guinea - Bird of Paradise and Southern Cross
• Peru – Inti (Inca's Sun God)
• Poland – White Eagle (Orzeł Biały) and occasionally White stork
• Portugal – Armillary sphere, The five Quinas (escutcheons), Cross of the Order of Christ
• Russia - Red Star, Spasskaya Tower, Khokhloma, Double-headed eagle
• Samoa - Southern Cross
• San Marino - Three feathers, in three towers, on three mountains
• Serbia – Serbian cross, Double-headed eagle
• Singapore – Lion head
• Sri Lanka – Lion and Sword
• Slovakia – patriarchal cross and three mountains
• Soviet Union – Red Star, Red Banner
• Spain – Pillars of Hercules
• Sweden – Three Crowns, Nordic Cross
• Switzerland – Swiss cross
• Tajikistan - Crown and seven stars in a semicircle
• Thailand - Garuda
• Tunisia - star and crescent
• Turkey – star and crescent
• Turkmenistan - Five carpet guls
• Uganda - Grey Crowned Crane
• Ukraine – Tryzub
• United Kingdom – Union Jack
• United States – Statue of Liberty, Bald Eagle, Stars and Stripes
• Uruguay – Sun of May
• Uzbekistan - Khumo
• Vanuatu - Boar's tusk and two ferns
• Vietnam – Yellow lotus
• Venezuela – The Seven Stars, arranged in semicircle.
• Europe – 12 yellow stars arranged in a circle representing the Europe – first adopted by the Council of Europe which is does not have a link with the European Union in 1955 and then adopted by the European Union in 1986

Patron saints

• Argentina – Virgin of Luján
• Armenia - Saint Gregory the Illuminator
• Australia - Our Lady Help of Christians
• Austria – Saint Leopold
• Brazil – Our Lady of Aparecida
• Bulgaria – Saint John of Rila
• Canada – Jean de Brébeuf and the seven other Canadian Martyrs
• Canada (French) – John the Baptist, Saint Anne, and any that are listed in Canadian Saints, including Jean de Brébeuf and the seven other Roman Catholic saints of Canada. On the secular side, Canadians jocularly claim jolly fat Santa Claus due to the location of his North Pole home. Note: Canadians concede the more serious claim of Greek bishop Saint Nicholas to Myra (now in Turkey).
• Chile – Virgin of Carmen
• Colombia – Sacred Heart
• Cornwall - St Piran, St Petroc and St Michael
• Croatia – Saint Joseph
• Cuba – Our Lady of Charity
• Cyprus – Mary, Lazarus, Barnabas and Paul
• Czech Republic – Saint Vojtěch (Adalbert), Saint Wenceslas
• Denmark – Saint Knud
• England – Saint George
• Estonia – Mary
• Ethiopia – Saint George
• Europe- Saint Benedict, Saints Cyril and Methodius
• Finland – Saint Henry
• France – Saint Louis IX, Saint Martin of Tours
• Georgia – Saint George, Saint Nina
• Germany – Saint Michael (Patron of the German People), Saint Boniface (Apostle of the Germans)
• Greece – Mary, Saint Andrew, Saint George, Saint Nicholas
• Honduras – Our Lady of Suyapa
• Hungary – Mary, Saint Steven of Hungary
• Iceland – Saint Þorlac
• India - Saint Thomas the Apostle
• Ireland – Saint Patrick, Saint Brigid of Kildare, Saint Colmcille
• Italy – Saint Francis of Assisi, Saint Catherine of Siena
• Japan – Francis Xavier, Paul Miki
• Korea – Mary, Andrew Kim Taegon
• Lebanon – Saint Maron, Saint Charbel, Saint Rafka
• Lithuania - Saint Casimir
• Republic of Macedonia – Saint Clement of Ohrid
• Malta – Saint Paul of Tarsus, Saint Publius, Saint George Preca
• Mexico – Our Lady of Guadalupe
• Montenegro – Saint George
• Netherlands – Willibrord^[19]
• Nigeria – Saint Patrick
• Norway – Saint Olav
• Paraguay – Saint Blaise
• Peru – Lord of Miracles, Saint Rose of Lima, Saint Martin of Porres
• Philippines – Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, Saint Lorenzo Ruiz, Blessed Pedro Calungsod
• Poland – Our Lady of Czestochowa, Saint Wojciech (Adalbert)
• Portugal – Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, Saint Anthony of Lisbon, Saint George and Our Lady of Fátima
• Romania – Saint Andrew, Saint John of Vlakh
• Russia – Mary, Saint Nicholas, Saint Andrew, Saint George, Saint Alexander Nevsky, Saint Sergius of Radonezh, Saint Seraphim of Sarov
• Scotland – Saint Andrew
• Serbia – Saint Sava, Saint George
• Slovakia – Mary
• Spain – Saint James the Great
• Sweden – Saint Eric, Saint Birgitta
• United States of America – Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception [Unambiguously unofficial due to the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States which states, "Congress (Therefore the U.S. Government) shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion,..."]
• Venezuela – Our Lady of Coromoto
• Vietnam – Ho Chi Minh
• Wales – Saint David

River

• Argentina - Río de la Plata (River Plate)
• Brazil - Amazon
• People's Republic of China - Yangtze, Yellow River
• Republic of Congo - Congo
• Democratic Republic of Congo - Congo
• Egypt - Nile
• The Gambia - Gambia
• India - the Ganges (Ganga)^[20]
• Pakistan – Indus (Sindh) (unofficial)
• Poland - Vistula
• Russia - Volga
• Serbia - Great Morava, Drina
• United Kingdom - Thames River (though not official)
• United States - Mississippi
• Uzbekistan - Amu Darya and Syr Darya
• Venezuela - Orinoco

Calendar

• India - Saka ^[21]
• Israel - Jewish calendar
• Iran - Persian Calendar
• Mexico- Mayan calendar

References

See also

• Iconography
• List of national flags
• List of national airlines
• Floral emblem