Dictionary:

newton

  (nūt'n, nyūt'n)

In the meter-kilogram-second system, the unit of force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram one meter per second per second, equal to 100,000 dynes.

[After Sir Isaac NEWTON.]

[Etymology: I. Newton; England 1642-1727] force. Symbol N. SI, Metric-m.k.s. Identically kg·m·s^-2, i.e. the force that gives to a mass of 1 kilogram an acceleration of 1 metre per second, per second (= m·kg·s^-2 in base terms). The following are among the coherent derived units:

• N·m for moment of force;
• N·m = joule for energy, work, quantity of heat;
• N·m·s^-1 = watt for power, radiant flux;
• N·s·m^-2 for dynamic viscosity;
• N·m^-1 for surface tension;
• N·m^-2 = pascal for pressure.

The name was advocated in 1935
[Hartshorn L., Vigoureux P. Nature Vol. 136, 397 (1935)] and soon became accepted generally.

For more information on newton, visit Britannica.com.

The SI unit of force. One newton is equal to the force required to give a mass of 1 kg an acceleration of 1 ms⁻². One newton force is equal to 0.225 lb force, or 1 lb equals 4.48 N.

The SI unit of force; the force that, when acting continuously upon a mass of 1 kilogram, will impart to it an acceleration of 1 meter per second squared. Symbol N.

To convert from newtons to:

dynes, multiply by 1E+05.

The newton (symbol: N) is the SI derived unit of force, named after Sir Isaac Newton in recognition of his work on classical mechanics.

Definition

A newton is the amount of force required to accelerate a body with a mass of one kilogram at a rate of one meter per second squared. Algebraically:

Examples

• 1 N is the force of Earth's gravity on an apple with a mass of about 102 g (¹⁄_9.8 kg).
• On Earth's surface, a mass of 1 kg exerts a force of approximately 9.81 N (or 1 kg_f) on its support. The approximation of 1 kg corresponding to 10 N is sometimes used as a rule of thumb in everyday life and in engineering (except where strict accuracy is required).
• The force of Earth's gravity on a human being with a mass of 70 kg is approximately 686 N.
• The scalar product of force and distance (N×m)— a force of 1 N carried out over a distance of 1 m— is one joule, the basic unit of energy in the SI.
• Because a newton is a relatively small amount of force, it is common to see forces expressed in kilonewtons or kN, where 1 kN = 1000 N.
• A metric tonne (1000 kg) exerts a force of 9.8 kN (or 1000 kg_f) under standard gravity conditions on Earth.

Conversions

Units of force

	Newton (SI unit)	Dyne	Kilogram-force (Kilopond)	Pound-force	Poundal
1 N	≡ 1 kg·m/s²	= 105 dyn	≈ 0.10197 kp	≈ 0.22481 lbf	≈ 7.2330 pdl
1 dyn	= 10−5 N	≡ 1 g·cm/s²	≈ 1.0197×10−6 kp	≈ 2.2481×10−6 lbf	≈ 7.2330×10−5 pdl
1 kp	= 9.80665 N	= 980665 dyn	≡ gn·(1 kg)	≈ 2.2046 lbf	≈ 70.932 pdl
1 lbf	≈ 4.448222 N	≈ 444822 dyn	≈ 0.45359 kp	≡ gn·(1 lb)	≈ 32.174 pdl
1 pdl	≈ 0.138255 N	≈ 13825 dyn	≈ 0.014098 kp	≈ 0.031081 lbf	≡ 1 lb·ft/s²
The value of gn as used in the official definition of the kilogram-force is used here for all gravitational units.

This SI unit is named after Isaac Newton. As for all SI units whose names are derived from the proper name of a person, the first letter of its symbol is uppercase (N). But when an SI unit is spelled out, it should always be written in lowercase (newton), unless it begins a sentence or is the name "degree Celsius". — Based on The International System of Units, section 5.2.

See also

• Joule, a unit of energy defined by a force of 1 newton being carried out over 1 metre.
• Pascal a unit of pressure defined by 1 newton spread across 1 square metre.

References

This article or section is missing citations or needs footnotes. Using inline citations helps guard against copyright violations and factual inaccuracies.

zh-classical:牛頓 (單位)new:न्युटन

This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)