The noun has one meaning:
Meaning #1:
(trademark) a nickel-chromium alloy with high electrical resistance and an ability to withstand high temperatures; used for resistance heating elements
Nichrome
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Wikipedia:
Nichrome |
Nichrome is a name for a nickel-chromium resistance wire, a non-magnetic alloy of nickel and chromium. A common alloy is 80% nickel and 20% chromium, by weight, but there are many others to accommodate various applications. It is silvery-grey in colour, is corrosion resistant, and has a high melting point of about 1400 °C (2552 °F). Due to its relatively high resistivity and resistance to oxidation at high temperatures, it is widely used in heating elements, such as in hair dryers, electric ovens and toasters. Typically, Nichrome is wound in wire coils to a certain electrical resistance, and current passed through to produce heat.
Nichrome is used in the explosives and fireworks industry as a bridgewire in reliable electric ignition system, such as electric matches and model rocket igniters.
Nichrome wire is commonly used in ceramics as an internal support structure to help some elements of clay sculptures hold their shape while they are still soft. Nichrome wire is used because of its ability to withstand the high temperatures that occur when a clay work is fired in a kiln.
The alloy tends to be expensive due to its high nickel content. Distributor pricing is typically indexed to commodity market prices for nickel.
Other areas of usage include motorcycle silencers, and in certain microbiological lab apparatus.
For heating, resistance wire must be stable in air when hot. Nichrome wire forms a protective layer of chromium oxide. [1]
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Contents
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Table of properties for Nichrome
The properties of Nichrome vary depending on its alloy. Figures given are representative of typical material and are accurate to expressed significant figures. Any variations are due to different percentages of nickel or chromium.
| Material property | Value | Units |
|---|---|---|
| Modulus of elasticity | 2.2 × 1011 | Pa |
| Specific gravity | 8.4 | None |
| Density | 8400 | kg/m3 |
| Melting point | 1400 | °C |
| Electrical resistivity at room temperature | 1.0 × 10−6 to 1.5 × 10−6 | Ωm |
| Specific heat | 450 | Jkg−1°C−1 |
| Thermal conductivity | 11.3 | Wm−1°C−1 |
| Thermal expansion | 14 × 10−6 | °C−1 |
| Standard ambient temperature and pressure used unless otherwise noted. |
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Additional Properties
Nichrome Technical Data & Properties
| AWG | DIA-IN | 400F | 1000F | 2000F |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | .128 | 22.4 | 52 | 128 |
| 10 | .102 | 16.2 | 37.5 | 92 |
| 12 | .081 | 11.6 | 26.5 | 65 |
| 22 | .0253 | 2.9 | 5.6 | 12.5 |
| 32 | .0080 | 0.68 | 1.36 | 2.76 |
| 40 | .0031 | 0.24 | 0.43 | 0.79 |
| AWG | DIA-IN | NiCrA | NiCrC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | .102 | 0.06248 | 0.06488 |
| 12 | .081 | 0.09907 | 0.1029 |
| 22 | .0253 | 1.015 | 1.055 |
| 32 | .0080 | 10.16 | 10.55 |
| 40 | .0031 | 67.64 | 70.24 |
| DEG.F | DEG.C | NiCrA | NiCrC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 68 | 20 | 0 | 0 |
| 600 | 315 | 3.3% | 5.2% |
| 1000 | 538 | 6.3% | 8.6% |
| 2000 | 1093 | 6.0% | 10.5% |
NiCrA Chemical Composition: 80% Ni, 20% Cr Approx. Melting Point: 1400 deg C
NiCrC Chemical Composition: 61% Ni, 15% Cr, bal. Fe Approx. Melting Point: 1350 deg C
See also
References
- ^ http://www.sci-ed-ga.org/modules/materialscience/light/pdf/section_13.pdf Advanced Topic: Oxidation Resistant Materials
External links
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
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 | wire-wound resistor (electricity) |
| dissipation line (electromagnetism) |
| resistance wire (metallurgy) |
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Mentioned in
- wire-wound resistor (electricity)
- dissipation line (electromagnetism)
- resistance wire (metallurgy)
- micronization
- flexible resistor (electricity)
- Nichrome
- How is a toaster made?
- chromium (element, metal – in chemistry)
- nickel (element, metal – in chemistry)
- How is a hair dryer made?
- Metallic glasses
- Resistor (electricity and magnetism)
- Resistance wire
- Alloy (metallurgical engineering)
