Nora Bayes

Nora Bayes
Bayes in 1912
Background information
Birth name	Eleanor Goldberg
Born	October 8, 1880(1880-10-08) Joliet, Illinois
Died	March 19, 1928(1928-03-19) (aged 47) Brooklyn, New York
Occupations	Singer, actress, comedienne
Associated acts	Jack Norworth

Nora Bayes on the cover of a 1917 sheet music of "Over There"

Nora Bayes (October 8, 1880 – March 19, 1928)^[1][2] was a popular American singer, comedienne and actress of the early 20th century.

Early life and career

Born Eleanor "Dora" Goldberg,^[3] with Dora being a pet or nickname, to a Jewish family in Joliet, Illinois, Bayes was performing professionally in vaudeville in Chicago by age 18. She toured from San Francisco, California to New York City and became a star both on the vaudeville circuit and the Broadway stage.

In 1908, she married singer-songwriter Jack Norworth. The two toured together and were credited for collaborating on a number of compositions, including the immensely popular "Shine On, Harvest Moon," which the pair debuted in Florenz Ziegfeld's Follies of 1908. Bayes and Norworth divorced in 1913 [1].

After America entered World War I Bayes became involved with morale boosting activities. George M. Cohan asked that she be the first to record a performance of his patriotic song Over There. Her recording was released in 1917 and became an international hit. She also performed shows for the soldiers.

Bayes made many phonograph records (some with Norworth) for the Victor and Columbia labels. From 1924 through 1928, her accompanist was pianist Louis Alter, who later composed the popular songs "Manhattan Serenade," "Nina Never Knew" and "Do You Know What It Means to Miss New Orleans?".

Bayes established her own theater, The Nora Bayes Theater, on West 44th Street in New York. She was portrayed by Ann Sheridan in the 1944 musical biopic Shine On, Harvest Moon, which focused on her relationship with Norworth, played by Dennis Morgan, and ignored her other husbands.

Marriages and family

Bayes married five times. Her first husband was Otto Gressing, a Chicago businessman, and Norworth was her second. Husband number three was a dancer named Harry Clarke who also performed with her in vaudeville. Husband number four was New York business man Arthur Gordon. Her fifth and last husband was Benjamin Friedland, a garage owner.

Bayes bore no biological children in any of her marriages. However, she adopted three children.

Death

In 1928, Nora Bayes was diagnosed with cancer and died following surgery. She was buried 18 years later with her fifth husband, Ben Friedland, in the Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx, New York, although inexplicably, her grave is not marked.

On April 11, 2006, under the terms of the National Recording Preservation Act of 2000, Nora Bayes was added to the National Recording Registry. The citation stated that she was

Inextricably associated in popular imagination with World War I... a former member of the Ziegfeld Follies, an extremely popular vaudevillian and a Broadway star, she recorded a number of other songs to boost morale during the war and performed extensively for the soldiers.

References

Listen to

	Shine On, Harvest Moon 1909 Edison Records recording of Jack Norworth and Nora Bayes' 1908 hit Shine On, Harvest Moon with Ada Jones and Billy Murray
Problems listening to this file? See media help.

• Internet Archive: Collected works of Nora Bayes

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Nora Bayes

• Footlight Notes: Nora Bayes
• 2005 National Recording Registry: Nora Bayes' "Over There"
• Nora Bayes and Jack Norworth: Together and Alone (Archeophone Records 5007)
• NYPL Digital Photos photo gallery at NYP Library
• Nora Bayes at the Internet Broadway Database
• Nora Bayes at the Internet Movie Database
• Nora Bayes at Find a Grave
• Sheet Music for "Just Like a Gipsy"; written by Nora Bayes and Seymour Simons, Jerome H. Remick & Co., 1919.