November 10

November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 51 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1444 – Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw III of Poland) are crushed by the Turks under Sultan Murad II and Vladislaus is killed.
• 1520 – Danish King Christian II executes dozens of people in the Stockholm Bloodbath after a successful invasion of Sweden.
• 1619 – René Descartes has the dreams that inspire his Meditations on First Philosophy.
• 1674 – Anglo-Dutch War: As provided in the Treaty of Westminster, Netherlands cedes New Netherlands to England.
• 1766 – The last colonial governor of New Jersey, William Franklin, signs the charter of Queen's College (later renamed Rutgers University).
• 1775 – The United States Marine Corps is founded at Tun Tavern in Philidelphia by Samuel Nicholas.
• 1793 – A Goddess of Reason is proclaimed by the French Convention at the suggestion of Chaumette.
• 1847 – The passenger ship Stephen Whitney is wrecked in thick fog off the southern coast of Ireland, killing 92 of the 110 on board. The disaster results in the construction the Fastnet Rock lighthouse.
• 1865 – Major Henry Wirz, the superintendent of a prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia, is hanged, becoming the only American Civil War soldier executed for war crimes.
• 1871 – Henry Morton Stanley locates missing explorer and missionary, Dr. David Livingstone in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika, allegedly greeting him with the words, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"
• 1910 – The date of Thomas A. Davis' opening of the San Diego Army and Navy Academy, though the official founding date is November 23, 1910.
• 1918 – The Western Union Cable Office in North Sydney, Nova Scotia receives a top-secret coded message from Europe (that would be sent to Ottawa, Ontario and Washington, DC) that said on November 11, 1918 all fighting would cease on land, sea and in the air.
• 1919 – The first national convention of the American Legion is held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, ending on November 12.
• 1924 – Dion O'Banion, leader of the North Side Gang is assassinated in his flower shop by members of Johnny Torrio's gang, sparking the bloody gang war of the 1920s in Chicago.
• 1928 – Michinomiya Hirohito is crowned the 124th Emperor of Japan, Emperor Showa.
• 1938 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, dies.
• 1940 – Walt Disney begins serving as an informer for the Los Angeles office of the FBI; his job is to report back information on Hollywood subversives.
• 1942 – World War II: Germany invades Vichy France following French Admiral François Darlan's agreement to an armistice with the Allies in North Africa.
• 1944 – The ammunition ship USS Mount Hood (AE-11) explodes at Seeadler Harbour, Manus, Admiralty Islands
• 1945 – Heavy fighting in Surabaya between Indonesian nationalists and returning colonialists after World War II, is celebrated as Heroes' Day (Hari Pahlawan).
• 1951 – Direct-dial coast-to-coast telephone service begins in the United States.
• 1954 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates the USMC War Memorial (Iwo Jima memorial) in Arlington National Cemetery.
• 1958 – The Hope Diamond is donated to the Smithsonian Institution by New York diamond merchant Harry Winston.
• 1969 – National Educational Television (the predecessor to the Public Broadcasting Service) in the United States debuts the children's television program Sesame Street.
• 1970 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization – For the first time in five years, an entire week ends with no reports of American combat fatalities in Southeast Asia.
• 1970 – The Soviet Lunar probe Lunokhod 1 is launched.
• 1971 – In Cambodia, Khmer Rouge forces attack the city of Phnom Penh and its airport, killing 44, wounding at least 30 and damaging nine aircraft.
• 1972 – Southern Airways Flight 49 from Birmingham, Alabama is hijacked and, at one point, is threatened with crashing into the nuclear installation at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. After two days, the plane lands in Havana, Cuba, where the hijackers are jailed by Fidel Castro.
• 1975 – The 729-foot-long freighter SS Edmund Fitzgerald sinks during a storm on Lake Superior, killing all 29 crew on board.
• 1975 – United Nations Resolution 3379: United Nations General Assembly approves a resolution equating Zionism with racism (the resolution is repealed in December 1991 with Resolution 4686).
• 1989 – Fall of the communist regime in Bulgaria.
• 1995 – In Nigeria, playwright and environmental activist Ken Saro-Wiwa, along with eight others from the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (Mosop), are hanged by government forces.
• 1997 – WorldCom and MCI Communications announce a $37 billion merger (the largest merger in US history at the time).
• 2006 – Sri Lankan Tamil Parliamentarian Nadarajah Raviraj is assassinated in Colombo.
• 2007 – ¿Por qué no te callas? incident between King Juan Carlos of Spain and Venezuela's president Hugo Chávez.

Births

• 745 – Musa al-Kazim, Shia Imam (d. 799)
• 1341 – Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, English statesman (d. 1408)
• 1433 – Charles, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1477)
• 1480 – Bridget of York, English princess and nun (d. 1517)
• 1483 – Martin Luther, German Protestant reformer (d. 1546)
• 1565 – Laurentius Paulinus Gothus, Swedish theologian and astronomer (d. 1646)
• 1566 – Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, English politician (d. 1601)
• 1577 – Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist and politician (d. 1660)
• 1620 – Ninon de l'Enclos, French courtesan and writer (d. 1705)
• 1668 – Louis III, Prince of Condé (d. 1710)
• 1668 – François Couperin, French composer (d. 1733)
• 1683 – George II of Great Britain (d. 1760)
• 1695 – John Bevis, English physician and astronomer (d. 1771)
• 1697 – William Hogarth, English artist (d. 1764)
• 1710 – Adam Gottlob Moltke, Danish statesman (d. 1792)
• 1728 – Oliver Goldsmith, English playwright (d. 1774)
• 1735 – Granville Sharp, English abolitionist (d. 1813)
• 1759 – Friedrich Schiller, German writer (d. 1805)
• 1801 – Samuel Gridley Howe, American social reformer (d. 1876)
• 1801 – Vladimir Dal, Russian lexicographer (d. 1872)
• 1810 – George Jennings, English sanitary engineer (d. 1882)
• 1834 – José Hernández, Argentine author of the Martín Fierro
• 1844 – Henry Eyster Jacobs, American theologian (d. 1932)
• 1845 – Sir John Sparrow David Thompson, fourth Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1894)
• 1848 – Sir Surendranath Banerjea, leader, Indian National Congress (d. 1925)
• 1850 – Arthur Goring Thomas, English composer (d. 1892)
• 1868 – Gichin Funakoshi, Japanese martial artist (d. 1957)
• 1871 – Winston Churchill, American novelist (d. 1947)
• 1878 – Cy Morgan, American baseball player (d. 1962)
• 1879 – Vachel Lindsay, American poet (d. 1931)
• 1879 – Patrick Pearse, Irish political activist (d. 1916)
• 1880 – Jacob Epstein, American sculptor (d. 1959)
• 1887 – Arnold Zweig, German author (d. 1968)
• 1888 – Andrei Tupolev, Russian aircraft designer (d. 1972)
• 1889 – Claude Rains, English actor (d. 1967)
• 1891 – Carl Stalling, American film composer (d. 1972)
• 1893 – John P. Marquand, American writer (d. 1960)
• 1894 – Boris Furlan, Slovenian legal theorist and politician (d. 1957)
• 1895 – Mabel Normand, American silent actress (d. 1930)
• 1895 – John Knudsen Northrop, American airplane manufacturer (d. 1981)
• 1896 – Jimmie Dykes, American baseball player and manager (d. 1976)
• 1896 – Olga Grey, Hungarian-born American silent actress (d. 1973)
• 1906 – Josef Kramer, German concentration camp commandant (d. 1945)
• 1907 – Jane Froman, American actor and singer (d. 1980)
• 1907 – John Moore, English author (d. 1967)
• 1908 – Charles Merritt, Canadian Army officer and Victoria Cross recipient (d. 2000)
• 1909 – Paweł Jasienica, Polish historian (d. 1970)
• 1909 – Johnny Marks, American singer (d. 1985)
• 1912 – Birdie Tebbetts, American baseball player and manager (d. 1999)
• 1916 – Billy May, American composer, arranger and bandleader (d. 2004)
• 1918 – Ernst Otto Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2007)
• 1919 – George Fenneman, American radio and television announcer (d. 1997)
• 1919 – Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov, Russian inventor
• 1919 – François Périer, French actor (d. 2002)
• 1919 – Moise Tshombe, Congoian politician (d. 1969)
• 1920 – Jennifer Holt, American actress (d. 1997)
• 1920 – Rafael del Pino, Spanish entrepreneur (d. 2008)
• 1924 – Russell Johnson, American actor (Gilligan's Island)
• 1925 – Richard Burton, Welsh actor (d. 1984)
• 1927 – Sabah (singer), Lebanese singer and actress
• 1928 – Ennio Morricone, Italian composer
• 1929 – Marilyn Bergman, American composer and songwriter
• 1932 – Don Henderson, English actor (d. 1997)
• 1932 – Roy Scheider, American actor (d. 2008)
• 1933 – Ronald Evans, American astronaut (d. 1990)
• 1934 – Lucien Bianchi, Belgian racing driver (d. 1969)
• 1935 – Bernard Babior, American biochemist
• 1935 – Igor Dmitrievich Novikov, Russian astrophysicist
• 1937 – Albert Hall, American actor
• 1939 – Russell Means, Native American activist
• 1939 – Allan Moffat, Canadian-Australian race car driver
• 1940 – Screaming Lord Sutch, English musician and politician (d. 1999)
• 1941 – John Geoghegan, Silver Star recipient (d. 1965)
• 1942 – Robert F. Engle, American economist, Nobel laureate
• 1942 – Hans-Rudolf Merz, Swiss Federal Councilor
• 1943 – Saxby Chambliss, American politician
• 1944 – Silvestre Reyes, American politician
• 1944 – Sir Tim Rice, English lyricist
• 1945 – Donna Fargo, American singer
• 1946 – Roy Thomas Baker, English record producer
• 1947 – Glen Buxton, American musician (Alice Cooper) (d. 1997)
• 1947 – Bachir Gemayel, Lebanese military commander (d. 1982)
• 1947 – Greg Lake, British musician (Emerson, Lake & Palmer)
• 1947 – Dave Loggins, American songwriter and singer
• 1948 – Aaron Brown, American broadcast journalist
• 1948 – Shigesato Itoi, Japanese novelist and video game designer.
• 1948 – Hugh Moffatt, American songwriter
• 1948 – Vincent Schiavelli, American actor (d. 2005)
• 1949 – Ann Reinking, American dancer
• 1950 – Debra Hill, American screenwriter and film producer (d. 2005)
• 1950 – Bob Orton, Jr., American wrestler
• 1952 – Gerry DiNardo, American football coach
• 1955 – James Chapman, American novelist
• 1955 – Jack Clark, American baseball player
• 1955 – Roland Emmerich, German film producer and director
• 1956 – Mohsen Badawi, Egyptian entrepreneur and activist
• 1956 – Sinbad, American actor
• 1958 – Stephen Herek, American film director
• 1958 – George Lowe, American voice actor
• 1958 – Massimo Morsello, Italian singer (d. 2001)
• 1958 – Brooks Williams, American musician
• 1959 – Linda Cohn, American sports reporter
• 1959 – Mackenzie Phillips, American actress
• 1960 – Neil Gaiman, English writer
• 1960 – Dan Hawkins, American college football coach
• 1961 – Rudolf Grimm, Austrian physics professor
• 1961 – John Walton, English darts player
• 1963 – Hugh Bonneville, English actor
• 1963 – Mike McCarthy, American football coach
• 1964 – Kenny Rogers, American baseball player
• 1964 – Magnús Scheving, Icelandic athlete
• 1965 – Jamie Dixon, American basketball coach
• 1965 – Eddie Irvine, Northern Irish racing driver
• 1966 – Vanessa Angel, English actress
• 1966 – Bill DeMott, American wrestler
• 1967 – Michael Jai White, American actor
• 1968 – Steve Brookstein, English X Factor winner
• 1968 – Tracy Morgan, American actor/comedian
• 1969 – Faustino Asprilla, Colombian footballer
• 1969 – Jens Lehmann, German footballer
• 1969 – Ellen Pompeo, American actress
• 1970 – Warren G, American rapper
• 1970 – Freddy Loix, Belgian rally driver
• 1970 – Vince Vieluf, American actor
• 1972 – DJ Ashba, American musician (Guns N' Roses)
• 1972 – Shawn Green, American baseball player
• 1973 – Patrik Berger, Czech footballer
• 1974 – Niko Hurme, Finnish musician
• 1974 – Chris Lilley, Australian comedian
• 1975 – Jim Adkins, American musician
• 1976 – Sōta Fujimori, Japanese music composer
• 1976 – Steffen Iversen, Norwegian footballer
• 1976 – Shefki Kuqi, Finnish footballer
• 1977 – Josh Barnett, American Mixed Martial Artist
• 1977 – Brittany Murphy, American actress
• 1977 – Won Bin, Korean actor
• 1978 – Kyla Cole, Slovak pornographic actress
• 1978 – Eve, American rapper
• 1978 – Drew McConnell, Irish musician (Babyshambles)
• 1979 – Chris Joannou, Australian musician, (Silverchair)
• 1980 – Troy Bell, American basketball player
• 1980 – Calvin Chen, Taiwanese singer, (Fei Lun Hai/Fahrenheit)
• 1980 – Donté Stallworth, American football player
• 1981 – Tony Blanco, Dominican baseball player
• 1981 – Jason L. Dunham, American Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2004)
• 1982 – Heather Matarazzo, American actress
• 1983 – Miranda Lambert, American singer
• 1983 – Sammie Rhodes, American pornographic actress
• 1983 – Craig Smith, American basketball player
• 1984 – Kendrick Perkins, American basketball player
• 1985 – Ricki-Lee Coulter, New Zealand/Australian singer
• 1985 – Giovonnie Samuels, American television actress
• 1986 – Josh Peck, American actor
• 1987 – Charles Hamilton, American hip-hop artist
• 1987 – Jessica Tovey, Australian actress

Deaths

• 627 – Justus, Archbishop of Canterbury
• 901 – Adelaide of Paris, Queen of Western Francia
• 1241 – Pope Celestine IV
• 1444 – King Vladislaus III of Varna is killed in battle (b. 1424)
• 1549 – Pope Paul III (b. 1468)
• 1596 – Peter Wentworth, English Puritan politician (b. 1530)
• 1605 – Ulisse Aldrovandi, Italian naturalist (b. 1522)
• 1617 – Barnabe Rich, English soldier and writer
• 1624 – Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, English patron of the theater (b. 1573)
• 1644 – Luís Vélez de Guevara, Spanish writer (b. 1579)
• 1673 – Michael of Poland (b. 1640)
• 1727 – Alphonse de Tonty, French explorer and American settler (b. 1659)
• 1728 – Fyodor Apraksin, Russian admirals (b. 1661)
• 1772 – Pedro Antonio Joaquim Correa da Serra Garção, Portuguese poet (b. 1724)
• 1777 – Cornstalk, Shawnee chief
• 1808 – Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, British soldier and Governor of Quebec (b. 1724)
• 1848 – Christian VIII of Denmark, King of Denmark (b. 1786)
• 1865 – Henry Wirz, Swiss-American Confederate commandant of POW camp at Andersonville, Georgia, by hanging (b. 1822)
• 1891 – Arthur Rimbaud, French poet, (b. 1854)
• 1909 – Renee Vivien, American poet (b. 1877)
• 1909 – George Essex Evans, Australian poet (b. 1863)
• 1912 – Louis Cyr, Canadian strongman (b. 1863)
• 1917 – Harry Trott, Australian cricketer (b. 1866)
• 1936 – Louis Gustave Binger, French officer and explorer (b. 1856)
• 1938 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder and the first President of Turkey (b. 1881)
• 1964 – Jimmie Dodd, American actor (b. 1910)
• 1973 – David "Stringbean" Akeman, American country music banjo player (b. 1915)
• 1975 – Ernest M. McSorley, American ship captain (b. 1912)
• 1981 – Abel Gance, French film director, producer, and actor (b. 1889)
• 1982 – Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b. 1906)
• 1984 – Xavier Herbert, Australian author (b. 1901)
• 1985 – Pelle Lindbergh, Swedish ice hockey player (b. 1959)
• 1986 – King Clancy, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and referee (b. 1903)
• 1986 – Rogelio de la Rosa, Filipino actor and politician (b. 1916)
• 1990 – Aurelio Monteagudo, Cuban baseball player (b. 1943)
• 1990 – Mário Schenberg, Brazilian physicist (b. 1914)
• 1991 – William Afflis, American professional wrestler (b. 1929)
• 1992 – Chuck Connors, American actor, baseball and basketball player (b. 1921)
• 1994 – Carmen McRae, American singer (b. 1920)
• 1995 – Ken Saro-Wiwa, Nigerian writer and activist (b. 1941)
• 1997 – Tommy Tedesco, American musician (b. 1930)
• 1998 – Mary Millar, English actress (b. 1936)
• 2000 – Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Prime Minister of France (b. 1915)
• 2000 – Adamantios Androutsopoulos, lawyer, professor, and the Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
• 2001 – Ken Kesey, American author (b. 1935)
• 2002 – Michel Boisrond, French film director (b. 1921)
• 2003 – Canaan Banana, first President of Zimbabwe (b. 1936)
• 2003 – Irv "Kup" Kupcinet, American columnist and television personality (b. 1912)
• 2004 – Katy de la Cruz, Filipino singer (b. 1907)
• 2006 – Diana Coupland, British comedy actress (b. 1932)
• 2006 – Gerald Levert, American singer (b. 1966)
• 2006 – Jack Palance, American actor (b. 1919)
• 2006 – Nadarajah Raviraj, Sri Lankan politician (b. 1962)
• 2006 – Fokko du Cloux, mathematician (b. 1954)
• 2007 – Laraine Day, American actress (b. 1920)
• 2007 – Augustus F. Hawkins, American politician and civil rights lawmaker (b. 1907)
• 2007 – Norman Mailer, American author (b. 1923)
• 2008 – Miriam Makeba, South African singer and anti-apartheid activist (b. 1932)

Holidays and observances

• Argentina – Day of Tradition, honouring José Hernández's birth
• Christianity – the feast day of Pope Leo I the Great and Andrew Avellino
• Indonesia – Heroes' Day (Hari Pahlawan)
• Ancient Latvia – Mārtiņi
• Russia – Day of Militsiya (analogue of police in Russia)
• Turkey – Day of Remembrance of Ataturk
• United States – United States Marine Corps birthday ball

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: November 10

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada