Nueva Canción (Spanish for 'new song') is a movement in Latin American music that was developed first in the Southern Cone of South America, especially Chile, during the 1950s and 1960's, but also popularized shortly after in Central America. It combined traditional Latin American folk music idioms and some had popular rock music, with progressive and often politicized lyrics. It would gain great popularity throughout Latin America and sometimes called a precursor to rock en español. The nueva canción movement was a folk music revival characterized by social aims often connected to left-wing politics. Several Nueva canción musicians had to go into exile when their countries became right-wing military dictatorships in the 1960s and 1970s. Prominent Nueva canción musicians faced different fortunes during military dictatoships, Victor Jara was killed by elements of the Chilean military, Mercedes Sosa from Argentina went into exile in Spain from were she wrote the song "Todo cambia", while Silvio Rodríguez from Cuba wrote "Canción urgente para Nicaragua" after the Sandisnista Revolution in 1979. Due to Nueva canción songs strong political messages some songs have contemporarily been used in political campaigns as such Violeta Parra's Gracias a la vida was used in the Orange Revolution. At present Nueva canción has became part of the Latin American and Iberian musical canon, but is not longer a contemporary genre, and have given place to other genres specially Rock en Español.
Characteristics
"La Nueva Canción" also known as the "New Song Movement" or "Trova" is a type of protest/social song. Its lyrics characteristically talk about poverty, empowerment, the Unidad Popular, imperialism, democracy, human rights, and religion. There are some hundreds of songs with influences from British and American pop rock that was popular with college youths.
Nueva canción largely draws upon Andean music, Música negra, Spanish music, Cuban music and other Latin American folklore. The most important source for nueva canción, however, is Chilean cueca, a rural song-form.
The '73 Chilean coup impacted the genre's growth in Chile, the country where it was most popular, because the whole musical movement was forced to go underground. During the days of the coup, Victor Jara, a well known singer, songwriter and maybe the most popular figure of Nueva Canción, was tortured and killed by the new rightist military regime under General Augusto Pinochet. Other groups, such as Inti-Illimani and Quilapayún found safety outside the country. The military government under General Pinochet ruled until 1989 and went as far as to ban many traditional Andean instruments, in order to suppress the Nueva Canción movement. Following the deposition of Pinochet, the Estadio Chile in Santiago de Chile where Victor Jara was murdered bears his name.
Most songs feature the guitar, and often the quena, zampoña, charango or cajón. The lyrics are typically in Spanish, with some indigenous or local words mixed in.
While Chile has produced the largest number of Nueva Canción artists, its popularity has been great in almost all Spanish speaking Latin American countries, and it enjoyed some popularity in Spain during the 1970s.
Musicians
Argentina
- Mercedes Sosa
- Atahualpa Yupanqui
- Leon Gieco
- Víctor Heredia
- Carlos Portela
Brazil - Tropicalismo
Canary Islands
- Pedro Guerra
- Taburiente
- Taller Canario
- Caco Senante
- Manolo Almeida/Nueva Semilla
Chile
- Rolando Alarcon
- Aparcoa
- Payo Grondona
- Illapu
- Inti-Illimani
- Víctor Jara
- Los Jaivas
- Patricio Manns
- Julio Numhauser
- Sergio Ortega
- Ángel Parra
- Isabel Parra
- Violeta Parra
- Héctor Pavez
- Quilapayún
- Osvaldo "Gitano" Rodriguez
- Horacio Salinas
- Schwenke & Nilo
- Jose Luis Sepulveda
- Jose Séves
- Tiempo Nuevo
- Francisco Villa Castro
•Grupo Raiz
Colombia
- Ana y Jaime
- Pablus Gallinazo
Ecuador
El Salvador
- Cutumay Camones
- Banda Tepehuani
- Yolocamba Ita
- Los Torogoces de Morazan
- Luis Lopez y el Grupo Anastacio Aquino
Guatemala
- Alux Nahual
- Canto General
Nicaragua
- Pancasán
- Grupo Mancotal
- Luis Enríque Mejía Godoy
- Carlos Mejía Godoy
- Duo Guardabarranco
Paraguay - Nuevo Cancionero
- Sembrador
Carlos noguera
Puerto Rico
- Haciendo Punto en Otro Son
- Roy Brown
- Aires Bucaneros
- Moliendo Vidrio
- Atabal
- Andres Jimenez
- Antonio Caban Vale (El Topo)
- Nicole Perez
- Taone
- Zoraida Santiago
- Lourdes Pérez
- Antillano
Uruguay
Venezuela
- Alí Primera
- Soledad Bravo
- Los Guaraguao
Cuba - Nueva Trova
- Silvio Rodríguez
- Pablo Milanés
- Carlos Puebla
- Sara González
- Noel Nicola
- Vicente Feliú
- Carlos Varela
- Augusto Blanca
Perú
- Tania Libertad
- Tiempo Nuevo
México - Canto Nuevo
- Alejandro Filio
- Fernando Delgadillo
- Gabino Palomares
- Amparo Ochoa
- Mexicanto
- On'ta
- Los Folkloristas
- La Peña Móvil
- León Chávez Teixeiro
- Julio Solórzano
- Cade
- Anthar y Margarita
- Óscar Chávez
- Grupo del Cóndor Pasa
- Sanampay
- Escalón
- Inca-Taki
- Guadalupe Pineda
- Grupo Víctor Jara
- Eugenia León
- El "Negro" Ojeda
- Guadalupe Trigo
- Icnocuicatl
- La Nopalera
- Marcial Alejandro (dead march 23 2009)
- Caito
Catalunya - Nova Cançó
United States - Nueva Canción
- Sangre Machehual
- Sabia
- Flor de Caña
- Sol y Canto
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