Offsets

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In botany and horticulture Offset is a term used to describe a small virtually complete daughter plant that has been naturally asexually produced on the mother plant. They are clones (e.g."hens and chicks"), meaning that they are genetically identical to the mother plant. In the plant nursery business and gardens they are detached and grown on in order to produce new plants. This is a cheap and simple process for those plants which readily produce offsets as it does not usually require specialist materials and equipment.

Botany of Offsets

Offsets form when meristem regions of plants, such as axillary buds or homologous structures differentiate into a new plant with the ability to become self sustaining. This is particularly common in species that develop underground storage organs, such as bulbs, corms and tubers. Tulips and lilies are examples of plants, which display offset characteristics by forming cormlets around the original mother corm.

Purpose

When propagating plants to increase a stock of a cultivar, thus seeking identical copies of parent plant, various cloning techniques (asexual reproduction) are used. Offsets is a natural means by which plants may be cloned.

In contrast, when propagating plants to create new cultivars, sexual reproduction through pollination is used to create seeds. The recombination of genes gives rise to offspring plant with similar but distinct offspring genome.

References

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