old-fashioned

Old Fashioned

IBA Official Cocktail
Type	Cocktail
Primary alcohol by volume	Bourbon whiskey
Served	On the rocks; poured over ice
Standard garnish	Orange slice Lemon twist Two maraschino cherries
Standard drinkware	Old Fashioned glass
IBA specified ingredients*	40 ml. Bourbon, Scotch or Rye whiskey 1 sugar cube 2 dashes Angostura bitters 1 splash water
Preparation	Place sugar cube in old fashioned glass and saturate with bitter, add a dash of soda water. Muddle until dissolved. Fill the glass with ice cubes and add whiskey. Garnish with orange slice, lemon twist and two maraschino cherries.
* Old Fashioned recipe at International Bartenders Association

The Old Fashioned is a type of cocktail made by muddling dissolved sugar with bitters then adding alcohol, such as whiskey or brandy, and a twist of citrus rind. It is traditionally served in a short, round, 8–12 US fl oz (240–350 ml) tumbler-like glass, which is called an Old Fashioned glass, named after the drink.

The Old Fashioned is one of six basic drinks listed in David A. Embury's The Fine Art of Mixing Drinks.

History

The first documented definition of the word "cocktail" was in response to a reader's letter asking to define the word in the May 6, 1806, issue of The Balance and Columbia Repository in Hudson, New York. In the May 13, 1806, issue, the paper's editor wrote that it was a potent concoction of spirits, bitters, water, and sugar; it was also referred to at the time as a bittered sling.^[1][2]

The first alleged use of the specific name "Old Fashioned" was for a Bourbon whiskey cocktail in the 1880s, at the Pendennis Club, a gentlemen’s club in Louisville, Kentucky. The recipe is said to have been invented by a bartender at that club, and popularized by a club member and bourbon distiller, Colonel James E. Pepper, who brought it to the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel bar in New York City.^[3]

Recipe

One of the earliest recipes for an Old Fashioned, written in 1895, specifies the following: "Dissolve a small lump of sugar with a little water in a whiskey-glass; add two dashes Angostura bitters, a small piece ice, a piece lemon-peel, one jigger [1.5 fl oz or 44 ml] whiskey. Mix with small bar-spoon and serve, leaving spoon in glass."^[4]

A book by David Embury published in 1948 provides a slight variation, also generally accepted among purists:^{[citation needed]}

• 1-2 parts American whiskey
• 1 part simple syrup
• 1-3 dashes Angostura bitters
• Twist of lemon peel over the top, and serve garnished with the lemon peel and a maraschino cherry.

Two additional recipes from the 1900s vary in the precise ingredients, but continue to omit the cherry expected^{[citation needed]} in a modern Old Fashioned, as well as the top off of soda water contested by cocktail purists.^{[citation needed]} Orange bitters were highly popular at this time^{[citation needed]} and, for the second recipe, the Curaçao appears to have been added to increase the orange flavor^[5]

Use old-fashioned cocktail glass. Sugar, 1 lump. Seltzer, 1 dash, and crush sugar with muddler. Ice, one square piece. Orange bitters, 1 dash. Angostura bitters, 1 dash. Lemon peel, 1 piece. Whiskey, 1 jigger. Stir gently and serve with spoon.

1 dash Angostura bitters 1 dash Curaçao Piece of cut loaf sugar Dissolve in two spoonfuls of water 100% liquor as desired 1 piece ice in glass. Stir well and twist a piece of lemon peel on top and serve

Modifications

In some areas, especially Wisconsin, brandy is substituted for whiskey (sometimes called a Brandy Old Fashioned).^[6][7]

Many modern recipes^{[citation needed]} top off an Old Fashioned cocktail with soda water. Many bartenders^{[citation needed]} add fruit, typically an orange slice, and muddle it with the sugar before adding the whiskey.

Bartenders often use^{[citation needed]} a dissolved sugar-water premix called simple syrup, which is faster to use than granulated sugar and eliminates the risk of leaving undissolved sugar in the drink, which can spoil a drinker's final sip.

One popular garnish^{[citation needed]} is a maraschino cherry fastened to the back of an orange wedge using a toothpick. Others prefer^{[citation needed]} to use orange zest with the maraschino cherry.

Some writers claim^[who?] the original cocktail (Old Fashioned ) was made using Rye Whiskey since that was the predominant American Whiskey type in the early part of the 19th Century (i.e. 1806^{[citation needed]}) when the original "cocktail" was made.

See also

• List of cocktails

References

External links

• Minnich, Jerry. "The brandy old-fashioned: Solving the mystery behind Wisconsin's real state drink". The Daily Page. Madison, Wisconsin. Archived from the original on 10 June 2005. http://web.archive.org/web/20050610075029/http://www.thedailypage.com/going-out/eats/news/managedit.php?intEatsNewsID=390. Retrieved 8 November 2011. 
• Clarke, Paul (11 January 2009). "Are You Friends, After an Old Fashioned?". The New York Times. http://proof.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/11/for-a-good-old-fashioned-inquire-within/. Retrieved 8 November 2011.  - discusses internet forum debates among "home cocktail enthusiasts," using the Old Fashioned as a focal point.
• Simonson, Robert (2 June 2009). "Take a Sip of History". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/03/dining/03drink.html?_r=1&scp=10&sq=robert%20simonson%20cocktails&st=cse. Retrieved 8 November 2011.  - about the resurgence of the Old Fashioned.
• Patterson, Troy (3 November 2011). "The Old-Fashioned". Slate. http://www.slate.com/articles/life/drink/2011/11/the_old_fashioned_a_complete_history_and_guide_to_this_classic_c.html. Retrieved 8 November 2011.