The vowel sound in "wash" is the /ɑ/ sound, also known as the open back unrounded vowel.
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The vowel sound in "ego" is the "ee" sound, which is a close front unrounded vowel.
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The vowel sound in "nose" is the open-mid back unrounded vowel, represented by the symbol /o/. It is a rounded vowel produced with the tongue placed in the back of the mouth.
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The accented syllable in the word "except" is the second
syllable, of which the vowel is an open-mid front unrounded vowel,
represented in IPA as /É›/. The entire pronunciation of except is
/ik-sept/ (transcribed in IPA as /ɪkˈsɛpt/.
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The vowel sound in "meal" is the long e sound like in "see" or "beak".