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The Territory of Oregon was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from August 14, 1848, until February 14, 1859, when the southwestern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Oregon.
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History
The earliest documented discussions, leading to the formation of the Territory of Oregon, were made during a series of meetings held in an early pioneer and Native American encampment and later town known as Champoeg, Oregon. These Champoeg Meetings eventually led to further discussions and the eventual territorial organization, made in Oregon City on August 14, 1848.
Created by an act of Congress, the territory's birth followed resolution of the international Oregon boundary dispute with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The Territory of Oregon originally encompassed all of the present-day states of Idaho, Oregon and Washington, as well as those parts of present day Montana and Wyoming west of the Continental Divide. It extended from the 42nd parallel north (the boundary of the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819), in the south to the 49th parallel .
The first territorial capital was Oregon City from 1848 to 1851, followed by Salem from 1851 to 1855. Corvallis served briefly as the capital in 1855, followed by a permanent return to Salem later that year.
In 1853, the portion of the territory north of the lower Columbia River and north of the 46th parallel east of the river was organized into the Washington Territory.
On February 14, 1859, the territory entered the Union as the U.S. state of Oregon within its current boundaries. The remaining eastern portion of the territory (the portions in present-day southern Idaho and western Wyoming) was added to the Washington Territory.
 Oregon Territory, as originally organized, in 1848 |
 Oregon Territory (blue) with Washington Territory (green) in 1853 |
 State of Oregon (blue) with Washington Territory (green) in 1859 |
Territorial evolution of Oregon
- Territorial evolution of the United States
- International territory that would later become part of the Territory of Oregon:
- Oregon Country, 1818-1846
- Provisional Government of Oregon, 1843-1849 (extralegal)
- Oregon Country, 1818-1846
- U.S. territories that encompassed land that was previously part of the Territory of Oregon:
- State of Deseret, 1849-1850 (extralegal)
- Territory of Washington, 1853-1889
- Territory of Jefferson, 1859-1861 (extralegal)
- Territory of Nebraska, 1854-1867
- Territory of Dakota, 1861-1889
- Territory of Idaho, 1863-1890
- Territory of Montana, 1864-1889
- Territory of Wyoming, 1868-1890
- U.S. states that encompass land that was once part of the Territory of Oregon:
- State of Oregon, 1859
- State of Montana, 1889
- State of Washington, 1889
- State of Idaho, 1890
- State of Wyoming, 1890
- International territory that would later become part of the Territory of Oregon:
See also
- Historic regions of the United States
- Holmes v. Ford
- Oregon Territorial Legislature
- Oregon Trail
- Oregon Treaty
- Territorial evolution of the United States
References
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This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2006) |
Coordinates: 45°30′N 117°00′W / 45.5°N 117°W
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