I've ignored recycling. Answer will vary depending on where you are in the world. Generally in the U.S.:

organic material in refuse -> garbage hauler -> landfill -> anaerobically decompose into landfill gas (organic material) -> landfill gas goes out into environment, or is destroyed in flare or is used in renewable energy project

inorganic material in refuse -> garbage hauler -> landfill -> stays in landfill

Well, there are fungi (mushrooms, toadstools, ext...) and vultures, hyenas.

Aged refuse refers to waste that has been allowed to accumulate and decompose over time. This can result in the formation of gases, odors, and potential hazards due to the breakdown of organic materials. Proper disposal and management of aged refuse are essential to prevent environmental pollution and health risks.

Sylvia A Ware has written:

'A survey of pathogen survival during municipal solid waste and manure treatment processes' -- subject(s): Refuse and refuse disposal, Organic wastes, Pathogenic microorganisms, Animal waste

Robber flies live in soil or various decaying organic plants. They will refuse to live anywhere else and will eventually die if they cannot find the soil or plants.