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The term Orthodox Christianity may refer to:
- Correct theology or belief, such as the ancient, majority, or Trinitarian theologies of Christianity
- Any particular Christian theology believed to be correct in comparison to others by its adherents; the theology of the speaker on the point(s) in question.
- Eastern Orthodoxy: the Ancient communion of Eastern Christian Churches, historically of eastern Europe and parts of Asia, that recognize the Council of Chalcedon and the other of the first seven Ecumenical Councils.
- Oriental Orthodoxy: the Miaphysite Eastern Christian churches adhering to the first three Ecumenical Councils and the 449 Council of Ephesus, and reject the dogmatic definitions of the Council of Chalcedon.[citation needed]
- Eastern Christianity: Any Christian tradition tracing its origins to the East (the Balkans, Asia Minor, the Middle East, Eastern Europe, etc.). This usage is generally considered improper although it is not uncommon.
Note: The Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox Churches preserve ancient church traditions but are not in communion. As such, the term Orthodox Christianity when used inadvisably to refer to these two Churches collectively refers more to a common eastern influence than to doctrinal matters.
See also
The term is also used by some church bodies associated with the Old Catholic Church, Continuing Anglican Movement, and Liberal Catholic Church.
- List of Orthodox Churches
- Eastern Catholic Churches
- Old Believers, a movement containing a large number of independent Eastern Orthodox denominations, which broke from the Russian Orthodox Church in the 17th century:
- Western Orthodoxy
- Slavisphere
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