n.
[L., panic grass.]
(Bot.) A genus of grasses, including several hundred species, some of which are valuable; panic grass.
Panicum
| Dictionary: Pan·i·cum |
n.
| 5min Related Video: Panicum |
| Veterinary Dictionary: Panicum |
A genus of grasses in the family Poaceae. May contain sufficient nitrate or oxalate to cause poisoning with these substances. They are highly productive and popular annual and perennial grasses and cereal crops but many of them cause hepatogenous photosensitization due probably to a high content of steroidal saponins in the plants. Edematous enlargement and icteric staining of the cranial tissues gives rise to the common names of yellow bighead and yellow thickhead.
- P. anticum — brachiaria mutica.
- P. antidotale — may contain sufficient oxalate to cause oxalate poisoning in sheep or osteodystrophia in horses. Also reported as a cause of atypical interstitial pneumonia. Called also blue panic grass.
- P. capillare — causes nitrate–nitrite poisoning; called also witchgrass.
- P. coloratum — may contain high oxalate (see above) or cause hepatogenous photosensitization. Called also Coolah grass, kleingrass.
- P. crus-galli — reputed to cause photosensitization.
- P. decompositum — suspected high levels of steroidal saponins causing hepatogenous photosensitization. Called also native millet (Australia).
- P. dichotomiflorum — causes hepatogenous photosensitization due to steroidal saponins; called also smooth witchgrass.
- P. effusum — causes hepatogenous photosensitization due probably to steroidal saponins. Called also hairy millet.
- P. maximum — poisoning characterized by hepatogenous photosensitization due probably to steroidal saponins Called also pigeon grass, guinea grass.
- P. maximum var. trichoglume — causes equine osteodystrophia fibrosa, Called also green panic.
- P. miliaceum — an annual cereal crop. Causes hepatogenous photosensitization due probably to steroidal saponins. Called also French millet.
- P. muticum — brachiaria mutica.
- P. purpurascens — a coarse, high-producing pasture grass. Called also para grass.
- P. queenslandicum — causes hepatogenous photosensitization due probably to steroidal saponins. Called also Yabila grass.
- P. schinzii (syn. P. laevifolium var. contractum) — causes hepatogenous photosensitization due to steroidal saponins. Called also sweet grass.
- P. virgatum — causes hepatogenous photosensitization due probably to steroidal saponins.
- P. whitei — causes hepatogenous photosensitization due probably to steroidal saponins. Called also P. laevinode, pepper grass.
| Annuals Dictionary: Panicum |
Grass family
Gramineae
Pan'i-kum. Panic Grass . A large genus of over 500 species of grasses found in all parts of the world, but mostly in the tropics.
Description
Creeping or erect, varying considerably in height and leaf size. Leaves usually flat. Flowers usually in light feathery clusters, in which the upper flowers are fertile and the lower ones rarely so.
How to Grow
In early spring work up the soil and lay down a 2-3 ft. (60-90 cm) square of clear plastic. Secure the edges with soil. Cut a 6-in. (15-cm) cross in center, and plant seeds where they can grow through the slits. Cover plastic with dried grass clippings to shade out weeds. Prefers warm weather.
Panicum miliaceum
Millet
;
Broomcorn Millet
. 3-4 ft. (90-120 cm) high. Spikelets ƈ in. (6 mm) long, green, drooping, in 1-ft. (30-cm) panicles, the stalks slender and crowded. Cultivated from earliest times for fodder and grain. East Indies. 'Violaceum' has purple spikelets. Hardy annual.
| Gardener's Dictionary: Panicum |
The botanical name for panic grass or switch grass.
| Word Tutor: Panicum |
IN BRIEF: n. - A large and widely distributed genus of grasses
| Wikipedia: Panicum |
| Panicum | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Panicum virgatum | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Monocots |
| (unranked): | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Subfamily: | Panicoideae |
| Genus: | Panicum L. |
| Species | |
|
About 450-470 species; see text |
|
Panicum is a large genus of about 450 species of grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are often large, annual or perennial grasses, growing to 1–3 m tall.
The flowers are produced in a well-developed panicle often up to 60 cm in length with numerous seeds, which are 1–6 mm long and 1–2 mm broad. The fruits are developed from a two-flowered spikelet. Only the upper floret of each spikelet is fertile; the lower floret is sterile or staminate. Both glumes are present and well developed.
Australia has 29 native and 9 introduced species of Panicum.(Grasses of the Tweed Valley of NSW: An introductory field guide to locally common grasses: native and introduced, Compiled by Penny Watsford, Nullum Publications, 2004 ISBN 097568230X)
- Selected species
- Panicum acrotrichum
- Panicum adenophorum
- Panicum aequinerve
- Panicum afzelii
- Panicum amarum - Bitter panicum
- Panicum anabaptistum
- Panicum anceps - Beaked panicum
- Panicum antidotale - Blue panicum
- Panicum arbusculum
- Panicum arcurameum
- Panicum atrosanguineum
- Panicum bambusiculme
- Panicum bandunduense
- Panicum bechuanense
- Panicum boscii
- Panicum bossii
- Panicum brazzavillense
- Panicum brevifolium
- Panicum bullockii
- Panicum caillei
- Panicum callosum
- Panicum calocarpum
- Panicum calvum
- Panicum capillare - Witchgrass, tumble-weed[1]
- Panicum carinifolium
- Panicum carneovaginatum
- Panicum chaetorhachis
- Panicum chambeshii
- Panicum chionachne
- Panicum clandestinum
- Panicum claytonii
- Panicum coloratum
- Panicum colonum - Jungle grass
- Panicum comorense
- Panicum congoense
- Panicum crinitum
- Panicum crus-galli - Barnyard grass
- Panicum decompositum - Native millet
- Panicum delicatulum
- Panicum deustum
- Panicum dewinteri
- Panicum dinklagei
- Panicum doloense
- Panicum dorsense
- Panicum dregeanum
- Panicum ecklonii
- Panicum eickii
- Panicum ephemerum
- Panicum fatuum
- Panicum filifolium
- Panicum flacciflorum
- Panicum fluviicola
- Panicum frutescens
- Panicum funaense
- Panicum gemmeum
- Panicum genuflexum
- Panicum gilvum
- Panicum glandulopaniculatum
- Panicum glaucifolium
- Panicum glaucocladum
- Panicum gracilicaule
- Panicum grande
- Panicum graniflorum
- Panicum griffonii
- Panicum guluense
- Panicum habrothrix
- Panicum hanningtonii
- Panicum haplocaulos
- Panicum helopus - Annual signal grass
- Panicum hemitomon - Maidencane
- Panicum heterostachyum
- Panicum hippothrix
- Panicum hirtiglume
- Panicum hochstetteri
- Panicum homblei
- Panicum humile
- Panicum hygrocharis
- Panicum hymeniochilum
- Panicum hystrix
- Panicum impeditum
- Panicum inaequilatum
- Panicum incomptum
- Panicum infestum
- Panicum isachnoides
- Panicum isolepis
- Panicum issongense
- Panicum kalaharense
- Panicum kasumense
- Panicum kiensieleense
- Panicum laetum
- Panicum lanipes
- Panicum lasiopodum
- Panicum laticomum
- Panicum laxum
- Panicum letouzeyi
- Panicum littorale
- Panicum lukwangulense
- Panicum madipirense
- Panicum mapalense
- Panicum margaritiferum
- Panicum marunguense
- Panicum massaiense
- Panicum maximum (Guinea grass, Buffalo grass)
- Panicum melanospermum
- Panicum merkeri
- Panicum miliaceum - Proso or Common millet
- Panicum miliare - Little millet
- Panicum mitopus
- Panicum mlahiense
- Panicum mollifolium
- Panicum monticola
- Panicum mueense
- Panicum natalense
- Panicum neglectum
- Panicum nervatum
- Panicum nigerense
- Panicum nigromarginatum
- Panicum novemnerve
- Panicum nubicum
- Panicum nudiflorum
- Panicum nymphoides
- Panicum obtusum - Vine mesquite grass
- Panicum omega
- Panicum ozogonum
- Panicum pansum
- Panicum parvifolium
- Panicum paucinode
- Panicum pectinatum
- Panicum pectinellum
- Panicum perangustatum
- Panicum peteri
- Panicum phaeocarpum
- Panicum phippsii
- Panicum phragmitoides
- Panicum pilgeri
- Panicum pilgerianum
- Panicum pinifolium
- Panicum pleianthum
- Panicum poaeoides
- Panicum pole-evansii
- Panicum polyphyllum
- Panicum porphyrrhizos
- Panicum pygmaeum (Australian native Dwarf Panicum, Rainforest Panicum)
- Panicum praealtum
- Panicum protensum
- Panicum pseudoracemosum
- Panicum pusillum
- Panicum ramosum - Browntop millet
- Panicum repens - Torpedo grass
- Panicum robynsii
- Panicum ruspolii
- Panicum sabiense
- Panicum sadinii
- Panicum schinzii
- Panicum schweinfurthii
- Panicum senegalense
- Panicum serrarium
- Panicum shinyangense
- Panicum simulans
- Panicum stagninum
- Panicum stapfianum
- Panicum stoloniferissimum
- Panicum striatissimum
- Panicum strictissimum
- Panicum subalbidum
- Panicum subflabellatum
- Panicum subpilosum
- Panicum subtilissimum
- Panicum sumatrense
- Panicum tenellum
- Panicum torridum
- Panicum trichocladum
- Panicum trichoides
- Panicum trichonode
- Panicum tunicatum
- Panicum turgidum - Afezu
- Panicum vatovae
- Panicum viciniflorum
- Panicum virgatum - Switchgrass
- Panicum vollesenii
- Panicum volutans
- Panicum wiehei
- Panicum xerophilum
- Panicum zamba
- Panicum zambesiense
References
- ^ *Britton, Nathaniel; Addison Brown (1896). An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions From Newfoundland to the Parallel of the Southern Boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean Westward to the 102d Meridian. Volume I, Ophioglossaceae to Aizoaceae. Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 612. http://books.google.com/books?id=dvMKAAAAIAAJ. page 123
External links
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 | Dictionary. Webster 1913 Dictionary edited by Patrick J. Cassidy Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Annuals Dictionary. Taylor's Guide for Annuals, by Norman Taylor, revised and edited by Gordon P. DeWolf, Jr. Copyright © 1986 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Gardener's Dictionary. Taylor's Dictionary for Gardeners, by Frances Tenenbaum. Copyright © 1997 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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