Panniculitis
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panniculitis
(pə′nik·yə′līd·əs)
(medicine) Inflammation of the layer of subcutaneous fat, especially in the abdomen.
American Heritage Stedman's Medical Dictionary:
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pan·nic·u·li·tis
Saunders Veterinary Dictionary:
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panniculitis
A rare multifactorial inflammatory condition involving subcutaneous fat.
- lobular p. — the inflammatory process primarily involves the fat lobules rather than the interlobular connective tissue.
- lupus p. — see lupus erythematosus.
- necrotizing p. — multifocal, non-pruritic cutaneous nodules which may ulcerate and discharge serous fluid; recorded in dogs. See also nodular panniculitis (below).
- nodular p. — subcutaneous nodules that may become cystic or ulcerate or develop fistulous tracts that drain an oily material. They occur in dogs, cats and horses, and may be sterile or caused by infectious agents.
- nodular nonsuppurative p. — a disease marked by fever and the formation of tender, sterile nodules in the subcutaneous fatty tissues which drain oily, bloody material. Occurs in dogs, particularly Dachshunds. Similar to Weber–Christian or Christian–Weber disease in humans. Called also sterile panniculitis, or relapsing, febrile, nonsuppurative panniculitis.
- postinjection p. — occurs after a subcutaneous injection; a discrete nodule with a necrotic center.
- pyogranulomatous p. — see opportunist mycobacterial granuloma.
- relapsing, febrile, nonsuppurative p. — seenodular nonsuppurative panniculitis (above).
- septal p. — the inflammatory process primarily involves the interlobular connective tissue septae rather than the fat lobules.
- sterile p. — see nodular nonsuppurative panniculitis (above).
- Weber–Christian p. — a subcutaneous panniculitis with systemic features. See nodular nonsuppurative panniculitis (above).
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Panniculitis
| Panniculitis | |
|---|---|
| Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | M79.3 |
| ICD-9 | 729.3 |
| DiseasesDB | 29081 |
| MeSH | D015434 |
Panniculitis is a group of diseases whose hallmark is inflammation of subcutaneous adipose tissue (the fatty layer under the skin - panniculus adiposus).[1] Symptoms include tender skin nodules, and systemic signs such as weight loss and fatigue.
Restated, an inflammatory disorder primarily localized in the subcutaneous fat is termed a "panniculitis," a group of disorders that may be challenging both for the clinician and the dermatopathologist.[2]:487
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Contents
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Classification
Histological
It can occur in any fatty tissue (cutaneous or visceral) and is often diagnosed on the basis of a deep skin biopsy, and can be further classified by histological characteristics based on the location of the inflammatory cells (within fatty lobules or in the septa which separate them) and on the presence or absence of vasculitis.
There are thus four main histological subtypes:[3]
- lobular panniculitis without vasculitis (acute panniculitis, previously termed Weber-Christian disease,[4] systemic nodular panniculitis)
- lobular panniculitis with vasculitis
- septal panniculitis without vasculitis
- septal panniculitis with vasculitis
Symptomatic
Panniculitis can also be classified based on the presence or absence of systemic symptoms:
- Panniculitis without systemic disease can be a result of trauma or cold;[5]
- Panniculitis with systemic disease can be caused...
- by connective tissue disorders such as lupus erythematosus or scleroderma;
- by lymphoproliferative disease such as lymphoma or histiocytosis;
- by pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer;
- by sarcoidosis with cutaneous involvement (seen in up to 20 percent)
- and by many other causes.
Associated conditions
Lipoatrophy or lipodystrophy (the loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue) can occur in any of these conditions.
See also
- Erythema induratum
- Erythema nodosum
- Panniculus adiposus
- Panniculus carnosus
- Lipodermatosclerosis
- List of cutaneous conditions
References
- ^ "panniculitis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
- ^ "Panniculitis. DermNet NZ". http://dermnetnz.org/dermal-infiltrative/panniculitis.html. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
- ^ "eMedicine - Weber-Christian Disease : Article by Moise L Levy". http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2429.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-25.
- ^ "eMedicine - Cold Panniculitis : Article by Geromanta Baleviciene". http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic781.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-25.
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency, this disease is a major cause of Panniculitis too.
External links
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McGraw-Hill Science & Technology Dictionary
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms. Copyright © 2003, 1994, 1989, 1984, 1978, 1976, 1974 by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
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American Heritage Stedman's Medical Dictionary
The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
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Saunders Veterinary Dictionary
Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved.
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