The strength of a non-participant observation is that it is easier to record data promptly and objectively. It is also less demanding than participant observation as the participant do not have to be involved.

participant is qualitative

structured is quantitative

Direct observation, including participant and non-participant observation, ethnographic diaries, and more recently Photography and video.

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Non-participant, or direct, observation is where data are collected by observing behaviour without interacting with the participants. Participant observation is where data are collected by interacting with, and therefore experiencing, the phenomenon being studied.

Non-participant, or direct, observation is where data are collected by observing behaviour without interacting with the participants. Participant observation is where data are collected by interacting with, and therefore experiencing, the phenomenon being studied.