Bengali cinema

.The cinema of West Bengal refers to the Tollygunge-based Bengali film industry. The industry is known for producing many of Indian cinema's most critically acclaimedParallel Cinemaart films, with several of its filmmakers gaining international acclaim, most notably Satyajit Ray.

Hiralal Senis credited as one of Bengal's and India's first directors. The first Bengali-language movie was the silent feature Billwamangal, produced by the Madan Theatre Company of Calcutta and released on 8 November 1919.

First Bengalitalkies as full length feature filmDena Paona was released 30 December 1931 at Chitra Cinema Hall in Calcutta Based in Tollygunge.

Golden era of Bengali cinema

During this period, many film makers came in the Bengali film industry.such as Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen Bimal Roy and Ritwik Ghatak. The Bengali film industry has produced classics movies such as Nagarik (1952), The Apu Trilogy (1955-1959), Jalsaghar (1958), Ajantrik (1958), Neel Akasher Neechey (1959), Devdas, Devi (1960), Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960).

1) Satyajit Ray is the most acknowledged Indian name in international film and is one of the greatest film makers of all time. Most of his films were made in Bengali, but the universal humanitarian appeal of his movies influenced throughout the world. After he completed a rough script for the movie "Pather Panchali". He started looking for producers with a budget of seventy thousand rupees. But no one was interested. In 1952, Ray used his savings, took loan from his friends and managed to gather around fifteen thousand rupees and started shooting in Gopalnagar, Bibhutibhsan's native village. But shooting schedule discontinued whenever money got exhausted. Less of money some of his music records and books he were sold . At last, Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy, a famous doctor and then Chief Minister of West Bengal, came for a help for project. Pather Panchali Bengali drama Based on Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay Bengali novel . it depicts the childhood of the protagonist Apu .The plot was based on the author's own early life. The novel depicts a poor family's struggle to survive in their ancestral rural home and the growing up of Apu, .

Pather Panchali was a critical and popular success. Satyajit Ray developed his own style of lyrical realism in this film. The first film from independent India to attract major international critical attention, Pather Panchali won "Best Human Document" at the 1956 Cannes Film Festival, establishing Satyajit Ray as a major international filmmaker. Pather Panchali is today considered one of the finest films ever made in the world. This film brought Indian cinema in international limelight. After this, Ray made two films based on the rest of the original story - Aparajito Apur Sansar .These three films together is well known as 'Apu Trilogy'.

He founded Calcutta's first film society in 1947

Ray started making films based on a wide range of ideas. His first work on color film was Kanchenjunga based on his own story in 1962. . His first film for children was Goopi Gayen Bagha Bayen in 1968. His first film in Hindi was - Satranj ki Khiladi. In 1978, Berlin Film Festival ranked him as one of the three all time greatest directors in the world.

Ray received many awards through out his life. Some of them are: Bharatratna - the highest civilian award from India, Academy Award (Oscar) for Lifetime Achievement in World Cinema. he also had an importance influence on cinematographyacross the world. One of his most important techniques was bounce lighting, to recreate the effect of daylight on sets.

Another Bengali filmmaker, Ritwik Ghatak, began reaching a global audience long after his death; Some of his films have strong similarities to later famous international films, such as Ajantrik(1958) resembling theHerbie films (1967-2005) and Bari Theke Paliye. Meghe Dhaka Tara Subarnarekha.

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