Pavlovsk (päv'ləfsk), city (1989 pop. 25,500), NW Russia, a summer resort near St. Petersburg. Founded by Catherine the Great in 1777, it was named for Czar Paul I, for whose country estate it was intended. In 1796 it became the royal summer residence, and in the 19th cent. it also served as a summer residence for the nobility of St. Petersburg. Pavlovsk contains English gardens, villas, mansions, a palace (1782-86) in the Russian classical style, several park pavilions (1780-83), the Pil tower (1795-97), and the mausoleum of Paul I (early 19th cent.). From 1838 until the Bolshevik Revolution, Pavlovsk was the scene of symphonic concerts conducted by Johann Strauss, Aleksandr Glazunov, and other famous musicians. Heavily damaged during World War II, the buildings at Pavlovsk have been largely reconstructed.
Pavlovsk
| Wikipedia: Pavlovsk |
For other uses, see Pavlovsk (disambiguation).
| Pavlovsk (English) Павловск (Russian) |
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| — Town[citation needed] — | |
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  Location of Pavlovsk on the map of Russia
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| Coordinates: 59°41′N 30°27′E / 59.683°N 30.45°ECoordinates: 59°41′N 30°27′E / 59.683°N 30.45°E | |
.gif) Coat of arms |
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Saint Petersburg |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2002 Census) | 14,960 inhabitants[1] |
| Time zone | |
| Founded | 1777[citation needed] |
Pavlovsk (Russian: Па́вловск) is a town situated in Russia, 30 kilometres (19 mi) from and under the jurisdiction of Saint Petersburg, just to the south of Tsarskoye Selo. Population: 14,960 (2002 census).[1]
The town developed around the Pavlovsk Palace, one of the most splendid residences of the Russian imperial family. It is part of the World Heritage Site Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments.
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The palace of Pavel I
The town's history started in 1777 when Catherine II granted some 362 desyatinas (977 acres; 395 ha) of land along the Slavyanka River to her son Paul upon the birth of his first child. The name Pavlovsk derives from Paul's name in Russian, Pavel.
In 1780, the fashionable Scottish architect Charles Cameron was made responsible for construction activities in Pavlovsk. His Neoclassical design for the Grand Palace was approved by Paul two years later. Around the palace a huge English park was laid out, with numerous temples, colonnades, bridges, and statues.
When Paul ascended the throne as Paul I in 1796, the settlement near the palace was large enough to be incorporated as a city. After Paul's death the palace was proclaimed a residence of his widow, Maria Feodorovna. Then it passed to the Konstantinovichi branch of the Romanov dynasty.
Later history
Prior to the revolution, Pavlovsk was a favourite summer retreat for well-to-do inhabitants of the Russian capital. The life of Pavlovsk's dachniki was described by Dostoyevsky in his novel The Idiot.
To facilitate transportation, the first railway in Russia was opened between St Petersburg and Pavlovsk on October 10, 1837. The railway station was used as a sort of concert hall, with Johann Strauss II, Franz Liszt, and Robert Schumann among many celebrities that performed there. The impressive 'Vauxhall Pavilion' is also used to attract customers to the railway line. Strauss' finer pieces resulted around the time he held his concerts there. The pavilion's fame eventually caused the word "Vokzal" to enter the Russian language with the meaning "substantial railway station building".
The Pavlovsk palace is probably the best preserved of Russian imperial residences outside the capital. The sumptuous neoclassical interior of the palace was faithfully restored after the great fire in 1803. The damage sustained by the palace during the German occupation in 1941–1943, though considerable, was not so devastating as in the case of Peterhof and Tsarskoye Selo.
Birthplace of Russian Scouting
On April 30, 1909 a young officer, Colonel Oleg Pantyukhov, organized the first Russian Scout troop Beaver (Бобр, Bobr) in Pavlovsk. In 1910, General Baden-Powell visited Nicholas II in Tsarskoye Selo and they had a very pleasant conversation, as the Tsar remembered it. In 1914, Pantyukhov established a society called Russian Scout (Русский Скаут, Russkiy Skaut). The first Russian Scout campfire was lit in the woods of Pavlovsk Park in Tsarskoye Selo. A Russian Scout song exists to remember this event.
 Palace in Pavlovsk |
 Pavlovsk park |
 Pavlovsk park. Valley of the river Slavyanka. Friendship temple |
 Pavlovsk |
References
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_04_1.htm. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Pavlovsk |
- Official website about the Pavlovsk palace
- Pavlovsk Palace and Park - by Kuchumov
- Pavlovsk - information on garden history and design
- Autumnal views of Pavlovsk
- The Pavlovsk Park views
- Photo (1024x768). The Pavlovsk Palace.
- Photo (1024x768). The Pavlovsk Park.
- Bernier, Olivier (1 October 1989). "Russia's Reborn Splendor". New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=travel&res=950DE2DE1730F932A35753C1A96F948260. Retrieved 2006-12-15.
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 | Im Krapfenwald'l, polka française for orchestra, Op. 336 (RV 336) (Classical Work) |
| Mikhail (Ivanovich) Kozlovsky (art) |
| Russische Marsche-Fantasie, for orchestra, Op. 353 (RV 353) (Classical Work) |
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 | Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/. Read more |
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Mentioned in
- Im Krapfenwald'l, polka française for orchestra, Op. 336 (RV 336) (Classical Work)
- Mikhail (Ivanovich) Kozlovsky (art)
- Russische Marsche-Fantasie, for orchestra, Op. 353 (RV 353) (Classical Work)
- Ivan (Alekseyevich) Yermenyov (art)
- Persischer (Persian March), march for orchestra, Op. 289 (RV 289) (Classical Work)
- Yevgeny (Yevgen'yevich)Lansere (art)
- Quadrille sur des airs français, for orchestra ("on French airs"), Op. 290 (Classical Work)
- Aleksandr Alexandrovich Friedmann (Russian astronomer)
- Ägyptischer (Egyptian March), march for orchestra, Op. 335 (RV 335) (Classical Work)
- Russicher (Russian March), march for orchestra, Op. 426 (RV 426) (Classical Work)
- Charles Cameron (architecture)
- Thomas-Jean de Thomon (architecture)
- Jean-Baptiste Arban (Classical Musician)
- Nachtfalter (Moths), waltz for orchestra, Op. 157 (RV 157) (Classical Work)
