| Dental Dictionary: pentoxifylline |
trade name: Trental; drug class: hemorrheologic agent; action: decreased blood viscosity, stimulates prostacyclin formation, increases blood flow by increasing flexibility of red blood cells (RBCs), decreased RBC hyperaggregation, reduces platelet aggregation, decreases fibrinogen concentration; uses: intermittent claudication related to chronic occlusive vascular disease.
| 5min Related Video: Pentoxifylline |
| Drug Info: Pentoxifylline |
Brand names: Pentoxil™, Trental®
Last updated: 7/1/2002
Important Disclaimer: The drug information provided here is for educational purposes only. It is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the diagnosis, treatment and advice of a medical professional. This drug information does not cover all possible uses, precautions, side effects and interactions. It should not be construed to indicate that this or any drug is safe for you. Consult your medical professional for guidance before using any prescription or over the counter drugs.
| Veterinary Dictionary: pentoxifylline |
A methylxanthine derivative that causes an increase in microvascular blood flow and has an immunomodulating effect by suppression of proinflammatory cytokines. Used in the treatment of some canine skin diseases, especially vasculitis and dermatomyositis.
| Wikipedia: Pentoxifylline |
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
| 3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 6493-05-6 |
| ATC code | C04AD03 |
| PubChem | 4740 |
| DrugBank | APRD00121 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C13H18N4O3 |
| Mol. mass | 278.31 |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | Near 100% for oral dosing |
| Metabolism | Hepatic and via erythrocytes |
| Half life | 0.4 - 0.8 hours (1 - 1.6 hours for active metabolite) |
| Excretion | Mainly urine (<4% feces) |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
C(US) |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | Oral |
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Pentoxifylline is the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) of a drug sold by Aventis under the brand name Trental. Its chemical name is 1-(5-oxohexyl)-3, 7-dimethylxanthine. Pentoxifylline is a xanthine derivative. Other brand names include Pentox, Pentoxil, and Flexital.
This drug is passed into the breast milk. Animal studies have shown no evidence of teratogenicity at high doses.
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It is used to treat intermittent claudication resulting from obstructed arteries in the limbs, and vascular dementia.[1]
Pentoxifylline improves blood flow through blood vessels and therefore helps with blood circulation in the arms and legs (e.g. intermittent claudication).
The drug is gaining acceptance for conservative treatment of Peyronie's disease and neuropathic injuries. It also helps prevent strokes, can be used in managing sickle cell disease and improves blood flow to the brain.
Pentoxifylline has also been used to treat nausea and headaches in the mountains (altitude sickness), and has been shown to reduce mortality in acute alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, presumably through its ability to inhibit TNF-alpha.
Pentoxifylline's anti TNF properties indicates it for treatment of ALD, alcoholic liver disease.
A study demonstrated the possible use of Pentoxifylline administered in conjunction with vitamin E for reducing the extent of fibrotic lesions induced by radiation therapy for breast cancer. [2]
IV or oral pretreatment with Pentoxifylline has been attempted for the treatment of Cytokine Release Syndrome but it does not prevent symptoms in most studies.
Pentoxifylline is a PDE4 inhibitor increasing intracellular cAMP and stimulating PKA activity.
Primary actions: pentoxifylline increases red blood cell deformability, reduces blood viscosity and decreases the potential for platelet aggregation and thrombus formation.[3]
It is also a known inhibitor of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha.[4]
Co-administration of pentoxifylline and sodium thiopental causes death by acute pulmonary oedema in rats.[5]
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This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
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 | Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Drug Info. Gold Standard. Copyright © 2008 by Gold Standard. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Pentoxifylline". Read more |
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