per

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It is a sound general rule not to use this Latin word when an English equivalent exists and is idiomatic: it is better, for example, to say The salary is £40,000 a year rather than The salary is £40,000 per year, and We will send the goods by parcel post than We will send the goods per parcel post. Per is best reserved for use in official contexts, in Latin phrases such as per annum, and in formulaic expressions such as miles per hour and kilometres per gallon. For as per, see as ⁹.

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[Etymology: Lat: ‘for each’] Occurs widely in expressing speed and other ratios of one item to every or each one of another and, in the form of per cent, to a multiplicity. Though long included in the expression m.p.h. for miles per hour (but just as widely omitted when codifying pounds per square inch as p.s.i.), the term is deprecated except in normal full English. The language-independent solidus is preferred, as in km/h for kilometres per hour, or the use of a negative exponent, e.g. km·h^-1.

(Personal Emergency Reporting System) A communications system that notifies a central monitoring facility in case of problems. A PERS is activated by the elderly or physically impaired either from a transmitter worn on the wrist or around the neck. Some systems use infrared transmitters and receivers to monitor a person's daily activities and ensure that they are mobile during certain hours of the day. See telehealth.

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This entry contains information applicable to United States law only.

[Latin, By, through, or by means of.]

By, through, by means of.

abbr. for period.

Previous:	PEPCK, PEP, PEI
Next:	PERK, PEST hypothesis, PET

For a list of words related to per, see:

• Prepositions
• Reflections and References

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See words rhyming with "per."

  See crossword solutions for the clue Per.

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Dansk (Danish)
prep. - ved, om
adv. - pr.

idioms:

• as per    i henhold til
• as per usual    som sædvanlig
• per annum    pr. år
• per capita    pr. indbygger
• per cent    procent
• per contra    modsætningsvis
• per diem    daglig
• per se    i og for sig, i sig selv

Nederlands (Dutch)
per, elk, via, periode, per-

Français (French)
prep. - par, de, (Comm) suivant, conformément
adv. - par, conformément

idioms:

• as per    conformément
• as per usual    comme d'habitude
• per annum    par année
• per capita    par tête
• per cent    pour cent
• per contra    par contrat
• per diem    par jour
• per se    en soi

Deutsch (German)
prep. - per, durch, pro
adv. - pro Stück

idioms:

• as per    wie in etwas angegeben
• as per usual    wie üblich
• per annum    pro Jahr
• per capita    pro Kopf
• per cent    Prozent, hundertstel
• per contra    andererseits
• per diem    pro Tag
• per se    an sich

Ελληνική (Greek)
prep. - για κάθε (ένα από), ανά, κατά, μέσω, δια
adv. - ως προς
pref. - δια-
abbr. - ανά, άτομο, περίοδος

idioms:

• as per    ως συνήθως
• as per usual    ως συνήθως
• per annum    ετησίως, ανά έτος
• per capita    κατά κεφαλήν
• per cent    τοις εκατό(ν)
• per contra    αντιθέτως
• per diem    ημερησίως, καθημερινά
• per se    (θεωρούμενο) αυτό καθαυτό

Italiano (Italian)
per, per mezzo di

idioms:

• as per    secondo
• as per usual    come al solito
• per annum    all'anno
• per capita    a testa, pro capite
• per cent    percento
• per contra    di contro
• per diem    al giorno
• per se    a sé stante, di per sé, da sé

Português (Portuguese)
prep. - por, cada
pref. - por
abbr. - período, pessoa

idioms:

• as per    conforme
• as per usual    como de costume
• per annum    por ano
• per capita    per capita
• per cent    por cento
• per contra    pelo contrário
• per diem    por dia
• per se    per se

Русский (Russian)
в, на, с

idioms:

• as per    как указано в
• as per usual    как обычно
• per annum    в год, ежегодно
• per capita    на душу населения
• per cent    процент
• per contra    наоборот
• per diem    в день
• per se    сам по себе

Español (Spanish)
prep. - por, a

idioms:

• as per    según
• as per usual    como de costumbre
• per annum    anual, por año
• per capita    per cápita
• per cent    por ciento
• per contra    por el contrario, por otra parte
• per diem    por día, dietas, diariamente
• per se    de por sí, en sí

Svenska (Swedish)
prep. - per, genom, med
adv. - per
pref. - genom-, överallt-
abbr. - period

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
经, 靠, 由, 按照, 根据, 每, 每次, 每个, 照常, 照惯例

idioms:

• as per    阿斯皮尔
• as per usual    照常, 按惯例
• per annum    按年度, 每年
• per capita    每人, 照人数分配的
• per cent    百分数
• per contra    相反地, 反而
• per diem    按天, 每日
• per se    本身, 本质上

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
prep. - 經, 靠, 由, 按照, 根據, 每
adv. - 每次, 每個, 照常, 照慣例

idioms:

• as per    阿斯皮爾
• as per usual    照常, 按慣例
• per annum    按年度, 每年
• per capita    每人, 照人數分配的
• per cent    百分比
• per contra    相反地, 反而
• per diem    按天, 每日
• per se    本身, 本質上

한국어 (Korean)
prep. - ~에 의하여, ~에 대하여
adv. - 극히

idioms:

• as per    ~에 따라서
• as per usual    여느 때와 같이, 평소대로

日本語 (Japanese)
prep. - …につき, …によって

idioms:

• as per    …により
• as per usual    いつものとおりに
• per annum    一年につき
• per capita    一人当たり
• per cent    パーセント, 利付公債
• per contra    これに反して, 相手方に
• per diem    一日につき
• per head    一人当たり
• per se    それ自体

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(حرف جر) لكل, بواسطه, عن طريق (ظرف) لكل واحد (بادئه الكلمه) بادئه تعني : لكل (اختصار) أختصار لكلمه : فترة Period , إختصار لكلمه : شخص Person‏

עברית (Hebrew)
prep. - ‮ל-, לכל-, ע"י‬
adv. - ‮לכל אחד, באמצעות‬

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