More than 60% of all babies who have periventricular leukomalacia will actually develop cerebral palsy , particularly if the periventricular leukomalacia has been accompanied by intraventricular hemorrhage.

Periventricular leukomalacia can be diagnosed through cranial ultrasound, which allows the brain to be examined using ultrasound techniques through the soft spots, or fontanelles, in the baby's skull

Most premature babies are treated by a perinatologist. A pediatric neurologist may be consulted if a baby is suspected of having periventricular leukomalacia or intraventricular bleeding

Low blood oxygen, decreased delivery of oxygen to the body's tissues, and/or decreased flow of oxygen-rich blood to the body's tissues can predispose a newborn baby to periventricular leukomalacia.

Symptoms of periventricular leukomalacia are tight, spastic leg muscles, delayed motor development, delayed intellectual development, problems with coordination, and impaired vision and hearing.