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Philippe de Champaigne

 
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: Philippe de Champaigne
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(born May 26, 1602, Brussels — died Aug. 12, 1674, Paris, Fr.) Flemish-born French painter. Trained in Brussels, he arrived in Paris in 1621. His patrons included Louis XIII, Marie de Médicis, and Cardinal Richelieu, and he became the outstanding French portraitist of the Baroque period. He became a professor at the Royal Academy (1653) and produced many pieces for the palaces and churches of Paris. His finest work includes two portraits of Richelieu and various paintings for the Jansenist Convent of Port-Royal, especially the austere Ex-voto: Mother Agnès and Sister Catherine (1662), commemorating his daughter Catherine's miraculous cure through Mother Agnès's prayers.

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Art Encyclopedia: Philippe de Champaigne
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(b Brussels, 14 May 1602; d Paris, 12 Aug 1674). His artistic style was varied: far from being limited to the realism traditionally associated with Flemish painters, it developed from late Mannerism to the powerful lyricism of the Baroque. It was influenced as much by Rubens as by Vouet, culminating in an aesthetic vision of the world and of humanity that was based on an analytic view of appearances and on psychological truth. He was perhaps the greatest portrait painter of 17th-century France. At the same time he was one of the principal instigators of the Classical tendency and a founder-member of the Acad?mie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture. His growing commitment to the Jansenist religious movement (see JANSENISM) and the severe plainness of the works that it inspired has led to his being sometimes considered to typify Jansenist thinking, with its iconoclastic impulse, in spite of the opposing evidence of his other paintings. He should be seen as an example of the successful integration of foreign elements into French culture and as the representative of the most intellectual current of French painting.

Part of the Champaigne, de family

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Columbia Encyclopedia: Philippe de Champaigne
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Champaigne or Champagne, Philippe de (both: fēlēp' də shäNpä'nyə), 1602-74, French painter, b. Brussels, of Flemish parents. In 1621 he went to Paris, where he worked with Poussin on the Luxembourg Palace. In 1628 he became painter to the queen, Marie de' Medici. For her and for Richelieu he executed many religious paintings, still to be seen in French churches, and numerous portraits. From 1640 on he became absorbed in the Jansenist movement and has been called the painter of Port-Royal. His later work is characterized by sober realism, simplicity, and austerity. His best-known paintings include his frescoes at Vincennes and in the Tuileries, his portrait of his daughter, a nun at Port-Royal (1662), and a penetrating study of Richelieu (both: Louvre). Basing his portrait style on patterns established by Rubens and Van Dyck, he rendered his subjects with an air of static majesty.
Wikipedia: Philippe de Champaigne
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Philippe de Champaigne

'Philippe de Champaigne selfportrait.
Birth name Philippe de Champaigne
Born May 26, 1602(1602-05-26)
Brussels
Died August 12, 1674 (aged 72)
Paris
Nationality Belgium
Field Painting
Movement Baroque

Philippe de Champaigne (26 May 1602 – 12 August 1674) was a Flemish-born French Baroque era painter, a major exponent of the French school.

Contents

Early life

Philippe de Champaigne's portrait of Cardinal de Richelieu, National Gallery, London

Born in Brussels of a poor family, Champaigne was a pupil of the landscape painter Jacques Fouquières. In 1621 he moved to Paris, where he worked with Nicolas Poussin on the decoration of the Palais du Luxembourg under the direction of Nicolas Duchesne, whose daughter he married. According to Houbraken, Duchesne was angry at Champaigne for becoming more popular than he was at court, and this is why Champaigne returned to Brussels to live with his brother. It was only after he received news of Duchesne's death that he returned to marry his daughter[1]. After the death of his protector Duchesne, Champaigne worked for the Queen Mother, Marie de Medicis, and for Cardinal Richelieu, (for whom he decorated the Palais Cardinal), the dome of the Sorbonne and other buildings. He was a founding member of the Académie de peinture et de sculpture in 1648.

Older years

Later in his life (1640), he came under the influence of Jansenism. After his paralysed daughter was allegedly miraculously cured at the nunnery of Port-Royal, he painted the celebrated but atypical picture Ex-Voto de 1662, now in the Louvre, which represents the artist's daughter with Mother-Superior Agnès Arnauld.

Champaigne produced a very large number of paintings, mainly religious works and portraits. Influenced by Rubens at the beginning of his career, his style later became more austere.

Champaigne was of significant enough prominence in his time as to be mentioned in Cyrano de Bergerac in a line by Ragueneau referencing Cyrano: "Truly, I should not look to find his portrait By the grave hand of Philippe de Champagne."

He died in Paris in 1674.

Gallery

Philippe de Champaigne, Vanitas (c. 1671), Musée de Tessé, Le Mans

Portrait of Charlotte Duchesne

Ex-Voto de 1662, Musée du Louvre, Paris

Cardinal de Richelieu
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References

  1. ^ Philips de Champanje biography in De groote schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen (1718) by Arnold Houbraken, courtesy of the Digital library for Dutch literature

External links


This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

 
 

 

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Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. © 2006 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
Art Encyclopedia. The Concise Grove Dictionary of Art. Copyright © 2002 by Oxford University Press, Inc.. All rights reserved.  Read more
Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Philippe de Champaigne".  Read more