Phosphodiester bonds.

Phosphodiester bonds

Phosphodiester bonds bind the strands together. A phosphodiester bond is a phosphorus atom involved in two ester bonds.

quite simply, bonds. The strength of these bonds depends on the type of element or compound that forms the solid. These 'particles' you refer to are best known as 'atoms' and the atoms that form a solid are held together by these bonds.

A phosphodiester bond is a group of strong covalent bonds between a phosphate group and two 5-carbon ring carbohydrates (pentoses) over two ester bonds. Phosphodiester bonds are central to all life on Earth, as they make up the backbone of the strands of DNA.