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Pinocchio

Plot

When the gentle woodcarver Geppetto (Christian Rub) builds a marionette to be his substitute son, a benevolent fairy brings the toy to life. The puppet, named Pinocchio (Dick Jones), is not yet a human boy. He must earn the right to be real by proving that he is brave, truthful, and unselfish. But, even with the help of Jiminy (Cliff Edwards), a cricket who the fairy assigns to be Pinocchio's conscience, the marionette goes astray. He joins a puppet show instead of going to school, he lies instead of telling the truth, and he travels to Pleasure Island instead of going straight home. Yet, when Pinocchio discovers that a whale has swallowed Geppetto, the puppet single-mindedly journeys into the ocean and selflessly risks his life to save his father, thereby displaying that he deserves to be a real boy. Based on a series of stories by 19th century Italian author Carlo Collodi, Pinocchio came under fire for being a sugarcoated version of its original tale, but the film's moral did have a strong educational effect on children. Soon enough, a 16 mm excerpt from the picture, titled "Pinocchio: A Lesson in Honesty," was released for teachers to use in schools. ~ Aubry Anne D'Arminio, Rovi

Review

Though only Disney's second feature-length cartoon, Pinocchio is still celebrated as one of the company's greatest achievements for its Academy Award-winning music, its humor, its beauty, and, most of all, its production value. Determined to make an animated film that improved upon its predecessor, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), Walt Disney employed over 750 staff members on Pinocchio and worked them relentlessly for several years. Technicians developed an enhanced multiplane camera that could dolly in and out of an animated scene (similar to live-action photography), as opposed to Snow White's vertical method of shooting. Animators pioneered using glass plates over the animation to create a realistic underwater look for the scene in the ocean, and established a technique called "the blend" to give the two-dimensional animation some depth. Twelve artists labored for 18 months to design the character of Pinocchio alone, and the perfectionist Walt Disney is rumored to have thrown out over 2,300 feet of footage (at least five months of work) because it did not fit his vision. Pinocchio's box-office returns did not surpass Snow White's, but its ingenuity and polish impressed critics and further established Disney as an artistic force. ~ Aubry Anne D'Arminio, Rovi

Cast

Dick Jones - Pinocchio
Cliff Edwards - Jiminy Cricket
Christian Rub - Geppetto
Walter Catlett - J. Worthington Foulfellow
Mel Blanc - Gideon
Don Brodie - Barker
Frankie Darro - Lampwick
Charles Judels - Stromboli the coachman
Evelyn Venable - The Blue Fairy

Credit

Ken Anderson - Art Director, John Hubley - Art Director, Dick Kelsey - Art Director, Kendall O'Connor - Art Director, Terrell Stapp - Art Director, Al Zinnen - Art Director, Charles Philippi - Art Director, Thor Putnam - Art Director, Hugh Hennesy - Art Director, McLaren Stewart - Art Director, Jack Campbell - Animator, Les Clark - Animator, Eric Larson - Animator, Milt Kahl - Animator, Ward Kimball - Animator, John Lounsbery - Animator, Don Lusk - Animator, Joshua Meador - Animator, Fred Moore - Animator, Charles A. Nichols - Animator, Wolfgang Reitherman - Animator, George Rowley - Animator, Marvin Woodward - Animator, Don Patterson - Animator, Vladimir Tytla - Animator, Arthur Babbitt - Animator, Berny Wolf - Animator, Art Palmer - Animator, Preston Blair - Animator, John McManus - Animator, Don Tobin - Animator, John Bradbury - Animator, John Elliotte - Animator, Lynn Karp - Animator, Norman Tate - Animator, Don Townsley - Animator, Robert Martsch - Animator, Ollie Johnston - Animator, Shamus Culhane - Animator, Frank Thomas - Animator, Hugh Fraser - Animator, Frank Thomas - Animation Director, Campbell Grant - Consultant/advisor, Joe Grant - Consultant/advisor, John Walbridge - Consultant/advisor, John P. Miller - Consultant/advisor, Martin Provensen - Consultant/advisor, Albert Hunter - Consultant/advisor, Walt Disney - Director, Norman Ferguson - Director, Wilfred Jackson - Director, Jack Kinney - Director, Hamilton Luske - Director, Bill Roberts - Director, Ben Sharpsteen - Director, T. Hee - Director, Leigh Harline - Composer (Music Score), Ned Washington - Composer (Music Score), Paul J. Smith - Composer (Music Score), Leigh Harline - Songwriter, Ned Washington - Songwriter, Paul J. Smith - Songwriter, Walt Disney - Producer, William Cottrell - Screenwriter, Otto Englander - Screenwriter, Erdman Penner - Screenwriter, Ted Sears - Screenwriter, Aurelius Battaglia - Screenwriter, Webb Smith - Screenwriter, Joseph Sabo - Screenwriter, Brice Mack - Background Artist, Carlo Collodi - Book Author

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