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polyp

 
Dictionary: pol·yp   (pŏl'ĭp) pronunciation
n.
  1. A coelenterate, such as a hydra or coral, having a cylindrical body and an oral opening usually surrounded by tentacles.
  2. A usually nonmalignant growth or tumor protruding from the mucous lining of an organ such as the nose, bladder, or intestine, often causing obstruction.

[Middle English polip, nasal tumor, from Old French polipe, from Latin pōlypus, cuttlefish, nasal tumor, from Greek polupous, poulupous : polu-, poly- + pous, foot.]

polypoid pol'yp·oid' adj.

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Growth projecting from the wall of a cavity lined with a mucous membrane. Shape varies widely; it may have a stalk or many lobes. Polyps most often occur in the nose, urinary bladder, and digestive tract, especially in the rectum and colon. Symptoms, if any, depend on location and size; they may result from pressure or from blockage of a passage. Polyps occasionally bleed. Because a small percentage are precursors to cancers or actually contain cancers, it is advisable to have them removed and examined microscopically and to undergo routine colonoscopy after age 50.

For more information on polyp, visit Britannica.com.

A growth, usually benign, on a stalk from the skin or mucous membrane.

 
polyp, in medicine, a benign tumor occurring in areas lined with mucous membrane such as the nose, gastrointestinal tract (especially the colon), and the uterus. Some polyps are pedunculated tumors, i.e., they grow on stems; others, attached by a broad base, are called sessile. Nasal polyps are usually associated with an allergic condition; since they interfere with breathing, it is advisable that they be removed. Uterine and gastrointestinal polyps are likely to cause bleeding, but, more important, they may undergo malignant degeneration and for this reason are also usually removed.


Veterinary Dictionary: polypoid
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Resembling a polyp.

Wikipedia: Polyp (medicine)
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Colon polyps
Classification and external resources

Polyp of sigmoid colon as revealed by colonoscopy. Approximately 1 cm in diameter. The polyp was removed by snare cautery
ICD-10 K63.5 & various
MedlinePlus 000266
eMedicine med/414
MeSH C23.300.825

A polyp is an abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane. If it is attached to the surface by a narrow elongated stalk it is said to be pedunculated. If no stalk is present it is said to be sessile. Polyps are commonly found in the colon, stomach, nose, sinus(es), urinary bladder and uterus. They may also occur elsewhere in the body where mucous membranes exist like the cervix[1] and small intestine.

Contents

Colorectal polyp

Colon polyps are uncommonly associated with symptoms. Occasionally rectal bleeding, and on rare occasions pain, diarrhea or constipation may occur because of colon polyps. Colon polyps are a concern because of the potential for colon cancer being present microscopically and the risk of benign colon polyps transforming over time into malignant ones. Since most polyps are asymptomatic, they are usually discovered at the time of colon cancer screening with either digital rectal exam (DRE), flexible sigmoidoscopy, Barium enema, colonoscopy or virtual colonoscopy. The polyps are routinely removed at the time of colonoscopy either with a polypectomy snare (first description by P. Deyhle, Germany, 1970[2]) or with biopsy forceps. If an adenomatous polyp is found with flexible sigmoidoscopy or if a polyp is found with any other diagnostic modality, the patient must undergo colonoscopy for removal of the polyp(s). Even though colon cancer is usually not found in polyps smaller than 2.5 cm, all polyps found are removed since the removal of polyps reduces the future likelihood of developing colon cancer. When adenomatous polyps are removed, a repeat colonoscopy is usually performed in three to five years.

Most colon polyps can be categorized as sporadic.

Inherited polyposis syndromes

Non-inherited polyposis syndromes

Types of colon polyps

Endometrial polyp

An endometrial polyp or uterine polyp is a polyp or lesion in the lining of the uterus (endometrium) that takes up space within the uterine cavity. Commonly occurring, they are experienced by up to 10% of women.[3] They may have a large flat base (sessile) or be attached to the uterus by an elongated pedicle (pedunculated).[3][4] Pedunculated polyps are more common that sessile ones.[5] They range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters.[4] If pedunculated, they can protrude through the cervix into the vagina.[3][6] Small blood vessels may be present in polyps, particularly large ones.[3]

Nasal polyp

Cervical polyp

A cervical polyp is a common benign polyp or tumor on the surface of the cervical canal.[7] They can cause irregular menstrual bleeding or increased pain but often show no symptoms.[3] Treatment consists of simple removal of the polyp and prognosis is generally good.[8] About 1% of cervical polyps will show neoplastic change which may lead to cancer.[9] They are most common in post-menstrual, pre-menopausal women who have given birth.[10]

Footnotes

  1. ^ Weschler, Toni (2002). Taking Charge of Your Fertility (Revised ed.). New York: HarperCollins. pp. 227–8, 330. ISBN 0-06-093764-5. 
  2. ^ Deyhle P (1980). "Results of endoscopic polypectomy in the gastrointestinal tract". Endoscopy (Suppl): 35–46. PMID 7408789. 
  3. ^ a b c d e Bates, Jane (2007). Practical Gynaecological Ultrasound. Cambridge University Press. p. 65. ISBN 1900151510. http://www.google.co.uk/books?id=oZ3RYlRAoxgC&pg=PP1&d. 
  4. ^ a b "Uterine polyps". MayoClinic.com. 2006-04-27. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/uterine-polyps/DS00699/DSECTION=1. Retrieved 2007-10-20. 
  5. ^ Sternberg, Stephen S.; Stacey E. Mills, Darryl Carter (2004). Sternberg's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 2460. ISBN 0781740517. http://www.google.co.uk/books?id=ko3Hew4xaj4C&d. 
  6. ^ "Dysmenorrhea: Menstrual abnormalities". Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. 2005. http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec18/ch244/ch244d.html. Retrieved 2007-10-20. 
  7. ^ Boon, Mathilde E.; Albert J. H. Suurmeijer (1996). The Pap Smear. Taylor & Francis. p. 87. ISBN 3718658577. http://books.google.com/books?id=umcl4R3sp2AC&pg=PA87&d. 
  8. ^ MedlinePlus Encyclopedia Cervical polyps
  9. ^ Tillman, Elizabeth. "Short Instructor Materials" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://72.14.205.104/search?q=cache:7uWWuX7sq-4J:www.cdc.gov/DES/hcp/resources/materials/clinician_short_inst.pdf+%22cervical+polyp%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=9&gl=uk. Retrieved 2007-10-21. 
  10. ^ Bosze, Peter; David M. Luesley (2004). Eagc Course Book on Colposcopy. Informa Health Care. p. 66. ISBN 9630073560. http://books.google.com/books?id=bg6FxsY1xTUC&pg=PA66&d. 

External links


Translations: Polyp
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Dansk (Danish)
n. - polypdyr, polyp

Nederlands (Dutch)
poliep

Français (French)
n. - polype

Deutsch (German)
n. - Polyp

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - (ζωολ., παθολ.) πολύπους

Italiano (Italian)
polipo

Português (Portuguese)
n. - pólipo (m)

Русский (Russian)
полип

Español (Spanish)
n. - pólipo

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - polyp (läk.)

中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
水螅, 鼻息肉, 鼻肉

中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 水螅, 鼻息肉, 鼻肉

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 폴립, 점막 비후로 인한 돌기

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - ポリプ, ポリープ

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) البولب : اسم يطلق على نوع من الحيوانات المائيه, ورم في غشاء مخاطي‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮תפיחה בקרום הרירי (בד"כ בחלל-האף), פוליפ, טיפוס של בעל-חיים הקבוע במקומו‬


 
 

 

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