promethazine
A phenothiazine derivative used as an antihistaminic, antiemetic and tranquilizer in the form of the hydrochloride salt.
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A phenothiazine derivative used as an antihistaminic, antiemetic and tranquilizer in the form of the hydrochloride salt.
The noun has one meaning:
Meaning #1:
antihistamine (trade name Phenergan) used to treat allergies; also an antiemetic used to treat motion sickness
Synonym: Phenergan
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Promethazine
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| N, N-dimethyl-1-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)propan-2-amine | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | D04 R06AD02, R06AD05 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C17H20N2S |
| Mol. mass | 284.425 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 88% absorbed but after first-pass metabolism reduced to 25% absolute bioavailability |
| Protein binding | 93% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic glucuronidation and sulfoxidation |
| Half life | 16-19 hours |
| Excretion | Renal and biliary |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. | |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | Oral, rectal, IV, IM |
Promethazine is a first-generation H1 receptor antagonist antihistamine and antiemetic medication. It is a prescription drug in the United States, but is available over the counter in the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and many other countries (brand names Phenergan®, Promethegan®, Romergan, Fargan®, Prothiazine®).
Promethazine also has strong anticholinergic and sedative/hypnotic effects. Previously it was used as an antipsychotic, although it is generally not administered for this purpose now; promethazine has only approximately 1/10 of the antipsychotic strength of chlorpromazine.
Typical side effects are:
Depending on disease and clinical condition (age, liver function):
In pediatric patients doses as low as 5–10 mg, 3 times daily may suffice. For precise dosing syrup forms exist.
As an anti-emetic:
All patients should have their blood pressure measured frequently. During long-term therapy, blood cell counts, liver function studies, EKG, and EEG are recommended. The intervals should be determined according to the risk profile of the patient.
Promethazine is sometimes used as a recreational drug in conjunction with Codeine in prescription cough syrup. The mixture of Sprite and cough syrup with codeine, which is known as "purple drank", is popularized in the rap world, especially in the Houston area.[1]Noted rapper Dwayne ( Lil' Wayne) Carter has been known to use promethazine in a recreational manner. He can often be heard bragging about his heavy abuse of the controlled substance.
| Antipruritics (D04) | |
|---|---|
| Antihistamines for topical use | Thonzylamine - Mepyramine - Thenalidine - Tripelennamine - Chloropyramine - Promethazine - Tolpropamine - Dimetindene - Clemastine - Bamipine - Isothipendyl - Diphenhydramine - Chlorphenoxamine |
| Anesthetics for topical use | Lidocaine - Cinchocaine - Oxybuprocaine - Benzocaine - Quinisocaine - Tetracaine - Pramocaine |
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Copyrights:
![]() | Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more | |
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