proper
American Heritage Dictionary:
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prop·er
(prŏp'ər) 
adj.
Thoroughly: beat the eggs good and proper.
n. Ecclesiastical also Proper
The parts of the liturgy that vary according to the particular feast or season of the year.
properness prop'er·ness n.
adj.
- Characterized by appropriateness or suitability; fitting: the proper knife for cutting bread; not a proper moment for a joke.
- Called for by rules or conventions; correct: the proper form for a business letter.
- Strictly following rules or conventions, especially in social behavior; seemly: a proper lady; a proper gentleman.
- Belonging to one; own: restored to his proper shape by the magician.
- Characteristically belonging to the being or thing in question; peculiar: an optical effect proper to fluids.
- Being within the strictly limited sense, as of a term designating something: the town proper, excluding the suburbs.
- Ecclesiastical. For use in the liturgy of a particular feast or season of the year.
- Mathematics. Of or relating to a subset of a given set when the set has at least one element not in the subset.
- Worthy of the name; true: wanted a proper dinner, not just a snack.
- Out-and-out; thorough: a proper whipping.
Thoroughly: beat the eggs good and proper.
n. Ecclesiastical also Proper
The parts of the liturgy that vary according to the particular feast or season of the year.
[Middle English propre, from Old French, from Latin proprius.]
properly prop'er·ly adv.properness prop'er·ness n.
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mathematics Literally such, e.g. a proper subset is less than the whole set (but not empty); a proper fraction is less than 1 (rather than e.g., 3⁄2); a proper interval is not a single value.
Roget's Thesaurus:
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proper
adjective
- Suitable for a particular person, condition, occasion, or place: appropriate, apt, becoming, befitting, correct, felicitous, fit1, fitting, happy, meet2, right, tailor-made. See right/wrong.
- Suited to one's end or purpose: appropriate, befitting, convenient, expedient, fit1, good, meet2, suitable, tailor-made, useful. See agree/disagree, good/bad.
- Consistent with prevailing or accepted standards or circumstances: appropriate, deserved, due, fit1, fitting, just, merited, right, rightful, suitable. See right/wrong.
- Conforming to accepted standards: becoming, befitting, comely, comme il faut, correct, decent, decorous, de rigueur, nice, respectable, right, seemly. See courtesy/discourtesy.
- In accordance with principles of right or good conduct: ethical, moral, principled, right, righteous, rightful, right-minded, virtuous. See right/wrong.
- Marked by excessive concern for propriety and good form: bluenosed, genteel, old-maidish, precise, priggish, prim, prissy, prudish, puritanical, strait-laced, stuffy, Victorian. Idioms: prim and proper. See plain/fancy.
Antonyms by Answers.com:
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proper
adj
Definition: conventional, correct
Antonyms: improper, incorrect, substandard, unconventional
adj
Definition: individual, personal
Antonyms: general
adj
Definition: mannerly, decent
Antonyms: crass, crude, improper, misbehaving, objectionable
adj
Definition: suitable
Antonyms: improper, inappropriate, unacceptable, unsuitable
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This entry contains information applicable to United States law only.
Fit; correct; reasonably sufficient. That which is well adapted or appropriate.
Proper care is the degree of care a reasonable, prudent person would use under similar circumstances.
A proper party is an individual who has an interest in the litigation. He or she can be joined — that is, brought into the action — but his or her nonjoinder will not result in a dismissal. A substantial judicial decree can still be rendered in the absence of a proper party. A proper party is distinguishable from a necessary party in that the latter must be joined in order to give complete relief to the litigants.
See: joinder.
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Word Tutor:
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proper
IN BRIEF: Having all the qualities typical of the thing specified.
Truth is proper and beautiful in all times and in all places.
— Frederick Douglass (1817-1895), US black lecturer, writer, founded and edited North Star, an abolitionist paper.
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categories related to 'proper'
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Proper (liturgy)
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This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2009) |
The Proper (Latin proprium) is a part of the Christian liturgy that varies according to the date, either representing an observance within the Liturgical Year, or of a particular saint or significant event. The term is used in contrast to the ordinary, which is that part of the liturgy that is reasonably constant, or at least selected without regard to date, or to the common, which contains those parts of the liturgy that are common to an entire category of saints, such as Apostles or Martyrs.
Propers may include hymns and prayers in the Canonical Hours and in the Eucharist.
West
In Roman Catholic and Anglo-Catholic practice, there is a moveable portion of the service that, strictly speaking, does not form part of the proper, the Accentus. The Proper of the Mass, strictly speaking, consists of the Introit, Gradual, Alleluia or Tract, Sequence, Offertory, and Communion. These are sometimes called the "minor propers" to distinguish them from the collect, secret, postcommunion, and readings. Portions of the Accentus may also more loosely be referred to as part of the "Proper" if they satisfy the criteria of changing by date (such as the Preface and Epistle).
East
In the Eastern Orthodox and Greek-Catholic Churches, the propers (also known as "sequences") at Vespers and Matins are numerous, and include stichera, troparia, prokeimena, Paroemia (Old Testament readings) and Matins Gospels.
At the Little Hours they will normally include only the troparion and kontakion of the day, but during Great Lent will include hymns which vary according to the day of the week. The fullest form of the Little Hours is the Royal Hours, celebrated on the eves of certain Great Feasts and Good Friday. The propers for the Royal Hours include particular psalms, hymns (stichera), paroemia, and Epistle and Gospel readings.
At Compline, the only variable is usually the troparia which are to be read. A canon may also be read. There are canons in honour of the Theotokos (Virgin Mary) for every day of the week according to the tone of the week found in the Octoechos. Also, if the normal daily service to a saint is displaced by some more important commemoration, such as the services in the Triodion or the Pentecostarion, the saint's service will be chanted at compline, usually consisting of the saint's canon and the stichera appointed for "Lord, I have cried" at Vespers. During the first week of Great Lent, the "Great Canon" of Saint Andrew of Crete is divided into four parts, with a part chanted each night (Monday through Thursday).
When there is no celebration of the Divine Liturgy, the Typica will be celebrated in its stead. Propers for the Typica include the troparia which would have been read at the Third Antiphon of the Liturgy, the prokiemen, Epistle, Gospel, and kontakia.
At the Divine Liturgy propers include troparia, kontakia, prokeimena, the readings from the Apostle and Gospel, the Zadostoinik or Megalynarion (hymn replacing It is Truly Meet, not to be confused with the Megalynarion chanted at Matins), and the Communion Hymn. On Great Feasts of the Lord there will also be special Antiphons that replace the psalms and beatitudes that normally begin the Liturgy.
At all of the services (or at the end of an aggregate of services), the priest says a dismissal (final blessing) which differs according to the day of the week. These dismissals are of two kinds: the Lesser Dismissal, which is shorter; and the Greater Dismissal, which mentions the saint of the day. Special dismissals used during Holy Week and Great Feasts of the Lord. At the end of the Divine Liturgy, the dismissal also mentions the name of the saint who composed the Liturgy: Basil the Great, John Chrysostom, Gregory the Dialogist, or James, the Brother of the Lord.
The propers can be found in the following liturgical books:
As well as a number of individually published services or collections.
External links
"Proprium". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913.
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Translations:
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Proper
Dansk (Danish)
adj. - ret, rigtig, tilbørlig, passende
adv. - rigtigt, tilbørligt
n. - salme o.l. sat tilside til en speciel dag
idioms:
- proper adjective adjektiv dannet af et egennavn
- proper fraction ægte brøk
- proper name egennavn
- proper noun egennavn
- proper to som passer sig for
Nederlands (Dutch)
echt, juist, correct, eigen, behoorlijk
Français (French)
adj. - correct, bon (choix, réponse), propre (sens), nécessaire, qu'il faut, convenable, bon (entraînement, formation), convenant à (poste, statut), correct (une personne), convenable (une éducation), vrai (des vacances), bonne (occasion), complet (idiot, désastre), même, proprement dit, propre à (qn)
adv. - correctement, très, comme il convient
n. - (Relig) propre
idioms:
- proper adjective adjectif substantivé
- proper fraction fraction inférieure à l'unité
- proper name nom propre
- proper noun nom propre
- proper to propre à
Deutsch (German)
adj. - richtig, eigentlich, angemessen, gehörig
adv. - richtig
n. - Offizium od. Psalm für einen bes. (Fest)tag
idioms:
- proper adjective von einem Eigennamen abgeleitetes Adjektiv
- proper fraction (Math.) echter Bruch
- proper name Eigenname
- proper noun Eigenname
- proper to sich gehörend
Ελληνική (Greek)
adj. - κατάλληλος, πρέπων, αρμόζων, ενδεδειγμένος, ορθός, (αυτός) καθαυτός, σωστός, τέλειος, ευπρεπής, κόσμιος, (καθομ.) γνήσιος, βέρος
adv. - ολωσδιόλου, εντελώς, σωστά, καθώς πρέπει
n. - (εκκλ.) ειδική ακολουθία
idioms:
- proper adjective σωστό επίθετο, ακριβής χαρακτηρισμός
- proper fraction (μαθημ.) γνήσιο κλάσμα (μικρότερο της μονάδας)
- proper name ακριβές/κανονικό όνομα, (γραμμ.) κύριο όνομα
- proper noun κύριο όνομα
- proper to προσιδιάζων σε, χαρακτηριστικός του
Italiano (Italian)
vero, esatto, pertinente, corretto, appropriato, adatto, conveniente, opportuno, giusto, propriamente, proprio
idioms:
- proper adjective aggettivo proprio
- proper fraction frazione propria
- proper noun/name nome proprio
- proper to tipico di
Português (Portuguese)
adj. - próprio, correto
adv. - propriamente
n. - próprio (m)
idioms:
- proper adjective adjetivo próprio
- proper fraction fração própria
- proper noun/name nome/substantivo próprio
- proper to característico de
Русский (Russian)
верный, присущий, приличный, собственно
idioms:
- proper adjective прилагательное сформировано от собственного имя
- proper fraction правильная дробь
- proper noun/name имя собственное
- proper to свойственный
Español (Spanish)
adj. - auténtico, verdadero, apropiado, indicado, correcto, decente
adv. - correctamente, debidamente
n. - propio
idioms:
- proper adjective adjetivo formado de nombre propio
- proper fraction fracción propia, quebrado propio
- proper name nombre propio
- proper noun nombre propio
- proper to propio de, característico de
Svenska (Swedish)
adj. - rätt, lämplig, tillbörlig, behörig, anständig, därtill hörande, egentlig, riktig, ordentlig, typisk för
adv. - lämpligen, anständigtvis, rätteligen
n. - bönsamling
中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
适当的, 专属的, 高尚的, 完全地, 彻底地, 特定节日的礼仪, 特定节日礼仪书的章节
idioms:
- proper adjective 专有形容词
- proper fraction 真分数
- proper name 专有名词
- proper noun 专有名词
- proper to 特有的
中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
adj. - 適當的, 專屬的, 高尚的
adv. - 完全地, 徹底地
n. - 特定節日的禮儀, 特定節日禮儀書的章節
idioms:
- proper adjective 專有形容詞
- proper fraction 真分數
- proper name 專有名詞
- proper noun 專有名詞
- proper to 特有的
한국어 (Korean)
adj. - 적당한, 타당한
adv. - 완전히
n. - (특정한 날, 시간에 정해진) 의식, 예배식
idioms:
- proper to 독특한
日本語 (Japanese)
adj. - 適当な, 相応な, 礼儀正しい, 端正な, 正確な, 厳格な意味での, 独持の, 固有の, 自然色の, 全くの
n. - 特定礼拝式
idioms:
- proper adjective 固有形容詞
- proper fraction 真分数
- proper noun/name 固有名詞
- proper to 特有の
العربيه (Arabic)
(صفه) مناسب, ملائم, صحيح كامل, تام (ظرف) حسب الأصول, تماما, كليه, كما ينبغي (الاسم) جزء من القداس,
עברית (Hebrew)
adj. - מתאים, הגון, מושלם, נכון, יאה, אמיתי, מכובד
adv. - מאד, כהוגן, ממש, גופא, כפי שראוי להיות
n. - חלק הטקס בכנסיה המשתנה בהתאם לעונה ולחג
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