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Pygmy

 
Dictionary: Pyg·my  Pig·my (pĭg') pronunciation
also n., pl., -mies, also -mies.
  1. Greek Mythology. A member of a race of dwarfs.
  2. also pygmy A member of any of various peoples, especially of equatorial Africa and parts of southeast Asia, having an average height less than 5 feet (152 centimeters). Not in scientific use.
  3. pygmy
    1. An individual of unusually small size.
    2. An individual considered to be of little or no importance.
adj.
  1. also pygmy Of or relating to the Pygmies. Not in scientific use.
  2. pygmy
    1. Unusually or atypically small.
    2. Unimportant; trivial.

[Middle English pigmie, from Latin Pygmaeī, the Pygmies, from Greek Pugmaioi, from pugmē, cubit, fist.]


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Member of any human group whose adult males grow to less than 59 in. (150 cm) in average height. The name is also sometimes loosely applied to the San of southern Africa and the so-called Negrito peoples of Asia (such as the Philippine Ilongot). Besides their short stature, Pygmies are notable in having the highest basal-metabolism rate in the world and a high incidence of sickle-cell anemia. The Bambuti of the Ituri Forest are a well-studied example. See also race.

For more information on Pygmy, visit Britannica.com.

Antonyms: pygmy
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n

Definition: insignificant person
Antonyms: giant


 
Pygmy or Pigmy (both: pĭg'), a racial designation of dark-skinned people who live in equatorial rain forests and average less than 59 in. (150 cm) in height. Some studies make a distinction between Negrillos, who live in Africa, and Negritos, who live in Southeast Asia, New Guinea, and the Philippines: this classification system is rarely used today, however. Anthropologists have noted that, like many inhabitants of rain forests, pygmies traditionally are hunter-gatherers who live in small, seminomadic bands with patrilineal or bilateral descent. They are distinguished according to language and culture. There are currently about 250,000 Negrillos, divided into four groups: the Binga along the Atlantic coast, including the Beku, Bongo, Jelli, Koa, Kola, Kuya, Rimba, and Yaga; the Twa in the high regions surrounding Lake Kivu; the Gesera and Zigaba in Rwanda and Burundi; and the Mbuti, Aka, and Efe of the Ituri forest in northeastern Congo (Kinshasa). Some believe that they predate neighboring agricultural peoples. Others believe that they have always had reciprocal, if somewhat subordinate, relations with other societies such as the Lese, Bira, Ltsi, and Ndaka; they commonly trade products of the forest for garden crops and iron tools. Indeed, they no longer speak their own languages, but rather that of the group with whom they have most contact, such as Bantu, Eastern Nigritic, and Central Sudanic. Recent government efforts have tried to resettle them and force them into agricultural production, and many have been displaced by deforestation. Among the Negritos are the Batak and the Agta of the Philippines, the Andaman Islanders, and the Semang of the Malay Peninsula. They speak various Asian languages, which belong to the Mon-Khmer branch of the Austronesian language family. The theory that all Pygmies are survivors of the ancestral human type, or are migrants of common stock from S Asia in prehistoric times, remains unproven. Gene studies have shown the Andaman Islanders to have a strain of mitochondrial DNA that is common in Asians.

Bibliography

See J. Eder, On the Road to Tribal Extinction (1987).


A member of any ethnic group in which the average height of the adult male is less than four feet, eleven inches. There are Pygmy tribes in dense rain-forest areas of central Africa, southern India, Malaysia, and the Philippines. The most widely studied Pygmies are the Mbuti of northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo, who pursue a nomadic hunting and gathering subsistence (see nomadism and hunting and gathering societies), but have established complex interdependent relationships with their non-Pygmy farming neighbors.

Word Tutor: pygmy
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pronunciation

IN BRIEF: Something small for its kind. Also: When capitalized, a person belonging to a race of very short people as such found in parts of Africa.

pronunciation A cat is a pygmy lion who loves mice, hates dogs, and patronizes human beings. — Oliver Herford (1863-1935)

Translations: Pygmy
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Dansk (Danish)
n. - pygmæ, dværg
adj. - dværg-, dværgagtig

Français (French)
n. - (Anthrop) pygmée, pygmée (péj)
adj. - pygmée

Deutsch (German)
n. - Pygmäe, Zwerg
adj. - Pygmäen..., zwergenhaft

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - (εθνολ., μτφ.) πυγμαίος

Italiano (Italian)
pigmeo

Português (Portuguese)
n. - pigmeu (m)

Русский (Russian)
пигмей

Español (Spanish)
n. - pigmeo
adj. - pigmeo, de la tribu de los pigmeos

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - pygmé, dvärg, nolla

中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
矮人, 小妖精, 侏儒, 微小的, 矮人的

中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 矮人, 小妖精, 侏儒
adj. - 微小的, 矮人的

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 피그미족(아프리카 적도부근에 사는 작은 흑인)
adj. - 난쟁이의

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - ピグミー, ピグマイオス, 小人, 知力の劣った人
adj. - ピグミーの, 小人の

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮בן לשבט גמדים באפריקה המשוונית ובדרום-מזרח אסיה‬
adj. - ‮של פיגמאים, אדם מעוט-חשיבות, זעיר, ננס, אדם, חיה או דבר זעירים‬


 
 
Learn More
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pygmaean
pygmoid

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