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Rachel Summers

 
Wikipedia: Rachel Summers
Marvel Girl
Rachelempvulc.PNG
Marvel Girl, on the cover for X-Men: Emperor Vulcan #4. Art by Billy Tan.
Publication information
Publisher Marvel Comics
First appearance Uncanny X-Men #141 (January 1981)
Created by Chris Claremont
John Byrne
John Romita Jr.
In-story information
Alter ego Rachel Anne Summers
Species Human Mutant
Team affiliations Hounds
X-Men
Excalibur
Clan Askani
X-Treme Sanctions Executive
Starjammers
Notable aliases Rachel Grey, Phoenix, Mother Askani, Bright Lady, Alyzr'n Summerset, White Warrior Princess, "Hound", The Celestial Avatar, The Cosmic Avatar, R'Chell
Abilities Telepathy,
Telekinesis,
Temporal astral projection
Formerly:
Phoenix Force

Rachel Summers (aka Rachel Grey, codename Marvel Girl) is a fictional character, a comic book superheroine created by writer Chris Claremont and artist/co-writer John Byrne for Marvel Comics. The character first appeared in Uncanny X-Men #141 (January 1981) and has since been affiliated with several comic book superhero teams including the X-Men and Excalibur.

In her first appearance, the character's surname was not revealed[1]; later publications and retcons further expanded Rachel's backstory to involve central characters of mainstream continuity. Rachel's biological parents are alternate future counterparts to the X-Men Cyclops and Jean Grey-Summers from a harsh dystopia. In this context, her half brother (Cable) and paternal uncles, Havok and Vulcan, are all very powerful mutants.

Rachel was designed to have inherited her mother's vast telepathic and telekinetic talents. Her original codename Phoenix (and later Marvel Girl), was in homage to Jean Grey. Although the character is considered unique to the Marvel Comics "multiverse"[2] (see other versions), her name has been used to designate the mother of Marvel characters Hyperstorm[3] and Dream Summers[4] in respective timelines.

Contents

Fictional character biography

Future adolescence

The various incarnations of Rachel Summers. Art by Alan Davis.

Rachel Summers comes from an alternate future Earth known as Earth 811 as seen in the "Days of Future Past" storyline from The Uncanny X-Men issues #141 and #142. In this reality the assassination of Senator Robert Kelly provoked the ratification of the Mutant Registration Act leading to a dystopian future where the mutant-hunting Sentinel robots rule the world. Rachel was abducted by operatives working for Ahab, who used drugs and hypnotherapy to turn Rachel into a "Hound," a mutant who tracks down other mutants. She fulfilled her duties but her psychic powers linked her to her victims; fueling her grief and despair until she attacked Ahab and scarred him. In return, he sent her to the mutant concentration camps. There, she befriended the surviving mutant rebels, including Wolverine, Magneto, Colossus, Storm, Kate Pryde and her lover, the adult Franklin Richards.

Rachel managed to send Kate's consciousness into the past to her younger self to prevent the assassination but it did not change their time; she sent her astral form into the past to find out why and discovered she had sent Kate into an alternate past. On the way back, she encountered the disembodied Phoenix Force and it followed her to her present. Rachel passed out from the strain of astral projection and the Phoenix Force revealed itself to Kate, who asked it to give Rachel a fresh start.[1]

When Rachel and Kate broke into Project: Nimrod on a suicide mission to destroy a new model of Sentinel, they become trapped. When Kate spoke the words "Dark Phoenix", the Phoenix Force ripped Rachel from her time line and sent her body back to the alternate past to which she had sent Kate's consciousness. This was a past where Jean Grey was dead and her father was married to someone else. She experienced additional heartache and displacement trauma when she discovered that her father's new wife, Madelyne Pryor, was pregnant with a son (Nathan Summers), because in her timeline she was the first born child of Scott Summers.

X-Men

She had a brief membership in the X-Men, before finding the Shi'ar holoempathic crystal with an imprint of her mother in it. After she took a vow to remember her mother with the uniform and name of Phoenix,[5] the Phoenix Force fully bonded with her, granting her access to its power on a cosmic magnitude, albeit in a much more limited fashion than the Dark Phoenix. Soon after, the grudge which she had begun with Selene boiled over when Rachel secretly invaded the Hellfire Club with the intention of taking vengeance on her for the murders she had committed, particularly that of nightclub owner, Nicholas Damiano, who had taken Rachel into his home after Selene attacked her. Selene proved to be no match for Rachel's newly increased powers, but just as she was about to finish Selene, Wolverine arrived and was forced to stab her in the chest to prevent her from killing the immortal witch. Mortally injured, she was lured into Spiral's "Body Shoppe."

Excalibur

Rachel in her standard '90s red street clothing. From Excalibur (vol. 1) #44 (November 1991). Art by Alan Davis.

Months later, while recuperating from injuries on Muir Island, Shadowcat and Nightcrawler both had the same dream, where they were actors on a weird set and helped Rachel, who was trapped there, escape.[volume & issue needed] Shortly thereafter, Rachel escaped from the alternate reality of Mojoworld.[volume & issue needed] Rachel has once been cited having a flashback to her time there where she is held in chains and tortured.[volume & issue needed] The three former X-Men were joined by Captain Britain and Meggan and founded the British superhero team Excalibur.[volume & issue needed] While part of the team she discovered that this universe's version of her mother, Jean Grey, was alive.[volume & issue needed] She attempted to bond with Jean but Jean, upon discovering Rachel was the present host for the Phoenix, rejected any contact with her as she still resented the Phoenix Force for stealing a portion of her life and also because she felt that Rachel's existence was a constant reminder of the dystopian future she feared could still come to pass.[volume & issue needed] Eventually however, Jean moved past those feelings and formally welcomed Rachel into her life.[volume & issue needed]

Askani

Rachel remained with Excalibur until an incident caused her to be lost in the timestream. She exchanged places with a time-lost Captain Britain and emerged two thousand years in the future, in a world conquered by Apocalypse and crushed under his iron fist. She gathered together a group of rebels and founded the Askani. She trained one of her followers to travel back in time and bring her "brother" Nathan forward in time when he was infected with a techno-organic virus. The Askani cloned Nathan in case he was not able to survive the virus. Apocalypse's followers attacked the Askani and took the clone (who would later become the supervillain Stryfe), leaving Rachel critically injured. Hooked up to life support, she drew the minds of Scott and Jean into the future, as "Slym" and "Redd", to raise Nathan and tutor him in the use of his powers. Rachel finally died ten years later and sent Scott and Jean back to their original bodies seconds after they had left.

After Cable had finally defeated Apocalypse, he went into the timeline to retrieve Rachel. There he discovered a Rachel sans Phoenix Force. With the premature death of Apocalypse, the Askani timeline had been diverged from the mainstream 616 Marvel Universe and as a result, she had been flung into the far future yet subjectively a short time after she'd been lost in the timestream, as the slave of a creature called "Gaunt," who'd used her to lead Cable there for a "battle of the ages." He defeated Gaunt in the battle and Rachel, now free, was able to use her residual Phoenix Force to return them both to the present. She then decided to take a break from superheroics and enrolled in college after she made Cable promise he wouldn't tell anyone she was back. Despite her efforts to live a normal life, however, she was kidnapped by the telepath Elias Bogan and subsequently rescued by the X-Men.

Rachel Grey

She decided to rejoin the X-Men, taking the name "Marvel Girl" to honor her mother (who had recently died yet again) and wearing a costume her mother had designed but never worn; a variation on Jean's first green costume. She has also changed her last name to "Grey," becoming Rachel Grey, possibly to express disapproval at her father's betrayal of Jean, as well as continuing his relationship with Emma Frost[citation needed], though she and Emma have made a truce of sorts during one of the team's missions in Hong Kong. She and Nightcrawler begin to have an attraction towards each other kissing at one point,[6] but nothing came of it as Nightcrawler also had an attraction to Storm at the time, who is in somewhat of a romantic "friendship" with Wolverine.[6][7][8] Her stint with this team also included a visit to the Savage Land. In this storyline, World's End, which was heavily criticized by readers, Rachel was subjected to the mind-control of a tribe of advanced dinosaur people, the Hauk'ka, causing her to believe she belonged to their species, after which she subconsciously used her telekinesis to change her own genome in their image. This was eventually reverted. After House of M and Decimation, where most of the world's mutants lost their powers, the government had Sentinels instituted at the X-Mansion to protect the mutants in case any enemies used this low point to attack. Though their intentions were good this time, it reminded Rachel too much of the previous timeline when Sentinels herded mutants into concentration camps.

Rachel had a short stint with newly re-formed Excalibur reminiscent of the former team, shortly after the House of M events. She assisted the team in battling the Dark X-Men and the Shadow King in the guise of Professor X.[9]

End of Greys

Rachel spent some time with her grandparents bonding with her grandfather. At a family reunion with all her relatives, a commando unit under the order of the Shi'ar attacked the party killing everyone. In hopes of wiping out the Grey genome, the commando unit was unable to kill Rachel. Instead, they were able to graft a deathmark on her back that would allow them to find her wherever she went. It is assumed that the only remaining member of the Grey family now left on Earth besides Rachel is Cable. Afterward, at the graves of the Grey family, Rachel vowed a terrible vengeance on the Shi'ar and was quoted as saying: "I'm not my mom. I'm not the Phoenix. I'm my own woman. And by the time I'm done... they'll wish I was the Phoenix."

The Death Commandos later broke free of their prisons and found Rachel at the psychiatry office of Dr. Maureen Lysinski. Rachel, with the help of Psylocke, Nightcrawler, Bishop and Cannonball, saved the doctor and took down the Death Commandos. She decided to imprison them instead of kill them by telling them: "I mean to find destiny in a way that brings us both [Jean Grey] honor." She is also sometimes referenced as 'Starchilde' in this series.

Rise and Fall of the Shi'ar Empire

After Rachel was kidnapped, along with Cyclops, by her paternal uncle Vulcan and freed Darwin from inside him, Professor X recruited Rachel, along with Havok, Nightcrawler, Warpath, Darwin, and Polaris in a space mission to stop Vulcan from laying waste to the Shi'ar empire.[10] Xavier, who recently was stripped of his powers, recruited Rachel to serve as his telepathic "eyes and ears" during their mission. Aware of Rachel's vendetta against the Shi'ar, Xavier has agreed to use their trip into space to find out who in the Shi'ar Empire gave the order to wipe out all members of the Grey family and has warned Rachel that they will deal with the people responsible for her recent losses Xavier's way.

While in space, the team was attacked by Korvus, a Shi'ar warrior sent to kill Rachel. Korvus' ancestor Rook'shir was a previous host of the Phoenix Force, and a small portion of the Phoenix' power was left behind in his sword, the Blade of the Phoenix. With this power, Korvus made short work of the other X-Men, but when Rachel blocked the sword their minds were involuntarily linked and Rachel learned that Korvus' family was also murdered by the Shi'ar government because of their connection to the Phoenix. The remaining echo of the Phoenix power from the sword was then transferred to Rachel. Rachel claimed that rather than having taken the power, the power chose to go to her, saying "The Phoenix knows me, remember? It likes me." When this happened, Rachel's normally gold energy aura turned blue, the same color as the Blade of the Phoenix. She then telekinetically disabled an explosive implant that the Shi'ar chancellor was using to force Korvus' obedience.

Due to connecting with the sword, Rachel also connected to Korvus and the two begin to share memories. Rachel discovers the Phoenix Force formerly in the blade is just an echo, a "blue shadow", of the Force. The shadow of the Phoenix begins influencing Rachel's behavior, causing her to design a darker new uniform and begin a romance with Korvus.[11] She soon breaks off the relationship after she realizes their bond is only because of the residual Phoenix Force.[12]

Leading up to the fight with Vulcan, Rachel is shown using her powers to kill the guards who stand in her way. Havok warns her not to but Rachel tells him that they deserve to die after what they did to her family. When it comes to the big fight, Rachel shows just how powerful she is by protecting Korvus from one of Vulcan's blasts. Rachel is one of the X-Men stranded in Shi'ar space when their ship is sent back to Earth.

After the death of her other grandfather, Corsair, at the hands of Vulcan, she, along with Havok, Polaris, Korvus, Ch'od and Raza become the new Starjammers. They elect to remain in Shi'ar space and restore Lilandra to the throne or die trying. As her uncle states, "If they fail, he has no doubt that Vulcan will head for Earth."[13]

Starjammers

During the conflict, the Starjammers find another threat in the form of the Scy`ar Tal (translates as "Death to the Shi'ar"). Rachel makes contact with the Eldest Scy'ar Tal and discovers their true origin. The Scy'ar Tal were originally called the M'Kraan. Early in their history, the Shi`ar attacked them, killed a great number of their people, making the rest flee for their lives. Eventually, the Shi'ar settled on their planet, took the M'Kraan Crystal as their own, and passed down the legend of the M'Kraan Crystal as a sacred gift from their deities, Sharra and K'ythri. The M'Kraan then changed their name to Scy'ar Tal and devoted their culture and society to the destruction of the Shi`ar Empire. With their first attack, they destroyed Feather's Edge by transporting a star to obliterate it. After which, Vulcan makes contact with the Starjammers to call a temporary ceasefire.

During the ceasefire, Rachel comes into contact with the Death Commandos again and attempted to kill them to avenge the deaths of her relatives; however, she is deterred by Polaris. At the end, all the Starjammers are captured by the Shi'ar except Rachel, Korvus and Lilandra.

X-Men: Kingbreaker and War of Kings

Rachel and the Starjammers play a large role in the sequel to Emperor Vulcan called X-Men: Kingbreaker.[14] She is also seen prominently in the War of Kings storyline, which features Vulcan, the Inhumans, Nova, and the Guardians of the Galaxy.[15]

While with the Starjammers, in battle with Vulcan's new guard, the fragment of the "blue" Phoenix within her and Korvus' blade mysteriously leaves them, after the Phoenix echo leaves Rachel she says "please...not now....Mom", from this frame onwards the "hound" markings reappear on Rachel's face.[16]

In agreement with the Inhumans, the Starjammers and the Guardians of the Galaxy assault a Shi'ar vessel in order to free Lillandra hoping to end the conflict while restoring her to the throne. Even without her Phoenix powers she is powerful enough to entrap Gladiator in a illusion in order to keep him distracted from battle. Their gambit pays off and the group is able to free Lillandra.[volume & issue needed]

Rachel is next seen as Lillandra's bodyguard along with the rest of the Starjammers. On the home planet of the Shi'ar, Lillandra assumes her throne, but while making a ceremonial gesture is killed by the murderer known as Razor who possesses the Darkhawk armor. The only person who perceives this is Rachel, since Razor is shielded from the perceptions of others.[17]

After Lillandra is assassinated, Rachel fights along side the Starjammers against the Shi'ar Guard and Araki, who has summoned the same Shi'ar commandos that killed Rachel's family and branded her with the Shi'ar death mark. Rachel uses her powers to implode Black Cloak's head, saying "He was the one...He killed my family," though killing him doesn't make her feel happier. Gladiator finished the job by killing Araki himself. She along with the rest of the Starjammers regroup later on and mourn the Shi'ar as they doubt that they will recover from this war.[18]

Powers and abilities

Rachel with the Phoenix Force battles and wins against Galactus. Art by Alan Davis.

Rachel possesses various psionic abilities, generally exhibited through telepathy, psychometry, telekinesis and limited time manipulation.

Telepathy

Marvel Girl's "virtually unlimited" telepathy allows her to receive, broadcast and manipulate cognitive processes (such as thoughts) in an intricate manner. Examples of Rachel’s aptitudes for this include creating durable mind-links across distances, projecting blasts of psionic energy that disrupt aspects of brain functioning, shielding her mind from other telepaths, creating illusions, and rendering someone invisible to the five senses. In addition, Rachel has demonstrated the ability to telepathically suppress super-powers; control, repair and exchange minds (even cross-temporally: see Chronoskimming); as well as safely editing memories. Rachel has also harnessed her telepathy to sense, locate and track other mutants based on their thought patterns, but has a moral apprehension about using this skill due to her experiences as a Hound.

It has been suggested that Rachel's telepathy, although immeasurable in raw power, is mitigated by her limited training and finesse. This was addressed in Uncanny X-Men #452, where the admittedly less-powerful (yet more experienced) Emma Frost was able to outflank an incredulous Rachel in a contest on the astral plane. In the same issue, Emma offered her educative services; and later still, Rachel received training from Professor Charles Xavier (while he was depowered), giving her access to his vast knowledge and expertise in telepathy[19].

Telekinesis

By using telekinesis, Marvel Girl can remotely manipulate matter even on a sub-atomic level. She can channel this ability to create protective force fields and blasts of concussive force. By using her telekinesis to levitate herself, Marvel Girl can fly at incredible speeds. Rachel has been able to create a micro black hole (sans Phoenix Force)[20], levitate an entire city for a time[21], and sustain shields that withstood Jovian atmospheric pressures[22]. Moreover, Rachel's telekinetic fine-motor control has allowed her to alter molecular valences,[23] create a telekinetic/psionic sword (much like Psylocke's telekinetic katana)[24] and even rewrite human genomes[25][26].

While all depictions portray Rachel as an extremely powerful telekinetic, the limitations of her hard-psi capabilities have been somewhat inconsistent. Some instances have depicted Rachel's telekinetic potential to be nigh-unlimited as well, whereas others have shown her struggling against, and even outmatched by, lesser developed telekinetics such as Psylocke[8].

Chronoskimming

Marvel Girl utilizes her psionic talents in conjunction with her ability to manipulate time in a variety of ways. "Chronoskimming" describes her ability to temporarily transplant a person's mind and send it through time into a younger/older version, a close ancestor/descendant, or as a disembodied astral form[27]. Rachel unconsciously emanates a fourth dimensional pulse, effectively creating a chrono-shield that protects her from changes in the timeline[citation needed]. She can also sense and manipulate residual psychic energy in the form of psychometry.[24][28]

Phoenix Force

When Rachel was bonded to the cosmic entity known as the Phoenix Force, she demonstrated heightened psi-powers, the ability to manipulate energy and life-forces, and limited cosmic awareness[5][29][30][31]. Rachel's connection to the Phoenix power was lost in the distant future and did not return with her when she traveled back to the early 21st Century (present) of Earth-616 (Marvel Mainstream).[32]

Most recently, Marvel Girl absorbed a residual echo of the Phoenix Force left in the sword of a previous host, a Shi'ar named Rookshir[33]. It was revealed in Uncanny X-Men #481 that this energy source was a less powerful (but easier to wield) form of the Phoenix Force. In issue #5 of Emperor Vulcan, the echo was powerful enough to allow Rachel to survive in and fly through the vacuum of space without the need for additional protection. These demonstrations were short lived, however, due to its disappearance which Rachel herself attributes to Jean Grey.[16] It appears that she now exhibits her standard power levels.[34]

Power Signature

As a host for the Phoenix Force, Rachel manifested the cosmic firebird in displays of great power. During her 00’s Uncanny X-Men appearance, Marvel Girl also exhibited a Phoenix emblem over her left eye whenever she demonstrated psionic feats[35]. It was at first accompanied by a ‘’shadow form’’ (similar to the one Jean Grey manifested when she absorbed the telepathic powers of Psylocke[36]). However, the illustration of this shadow form ceased without explanation.[37] After regaining a small portion of the Phoenix Force (echo), the emblem over her eye changed from a gold Phoenix shape to a static version made of electric blue flame[38]. Her display of power was once more altered in X-Men: Emperor Vulcan #3, where she produced the familiar fiery raptor the Phoenix Force is commonly associated with (see profile image).

Skills and abilities

At times, Rachel has been shown to learn new skills extremely quickly. For example, in Excalibur #16, she mastered a set of "demon ninja" sword skills simply by watching her teammate Shadowcat perform them. Rachel also mentioned that she had learned lock-picking skills from the Storm of her timeline, knowledge and use of advanced technology and weapons[citation needed], as well as skills in repairing engines[39]. However, these abilities have not been evident in her more recent appearances,

Potential and limitations

Rachel's power level and scope of abilities have been inconsistently described by writers over the years. However, the consensus is that she possesses “virtually unlimited” potential in her dual psionic talents.[40] In most cases she displayed greater feats as the Phoenix[41] and even matched Gladiator's strength with the aid of a ‘’’Phoenix echo’’’ in X-Men: Emperor Vulcan #5. Rachel is considered by many to be an Omega-level mutant (like her mother), but it should be noted that the only literary reference to this attribute is when the future Sentinel, Nimrod, classified Rachel as an Omega class subject several years before the term was established.[41]

Even with the omnipotent strength of the Phoenix, magic and magical objects have been shown to resist Rachel's powers. When the Soulsword appeared near the Excalibur lighthouse headquarters seeking Kitty Pryde to become its new wielder, Rachel attempted to remove it from bedrock to alleviate her friend's apprehension. Despite using the full extent of power permitted by the Phoenix Force, Rachel was unable to remove the sword, surmising that only Kitty could remove it.[42]

Other versions

In the very first issue of the Uncanny X-Men story arc titled "Season of The Witch", Rachel and Psylocke were transported to the White Hot Room[2]; as an indirect result of the reality-shift performed by a mentally unstable Scarlet Witch.[43] (House of M). While there, it was established that the Rachel appearing in Earth-616 (originally from Earth-811) has no true alternate counterparts within the Marvel multiverse. Rather, all other incarnations of "Rachel Summers" that exist in parallel timelines (see below) are linked only by having the same parentage, name, or attributes. The reason for this unique nature is still unknown.

House of M

The subsequent issues had Rachel and Psylocke return to their dimension and thus be engrossed in the Scarlet Witch’s reconstruction of the world. In this reality, Rachel was the bodyguard and traveling companion to Psylocke, who was crowned British royalty after her brother Brian became ruler of all England.[24] Rachel then became involved with Captain Britain's mission to seal the breach in reality (rift) that was created by the Scarlet Witch's manipulations.[44]

Variations of Days of Future Past

In at least three alternate future timelines derived from "Days of Future Past", a Rachel Summers married Franklin Richards and procreated mutant children. One such child was the time-traveling supervillain Hyperstorm (Jonathan Richards). Hyperstorm was responsible for causing the Fantastic Four to think that Mister Fantastic (Jonathan's grandfather) and Doctor Doom were dead; he was only defeated when he was trapped in another dimension by Galactus.[3] The second child was Dream Summers who possessed empathic superpowers. She was a superhero who appeared in the Spider-Man/X-Men: Time's Arrow trilogy of novels (although Marvel Comics novels tend to be considered non-canon)[4]. In a third reality, they produced a child named David Richards, who was rescued from a concentration camp by the interdimensional traveling Exiles and raised by the Age of Apocalypse version of Sabretooth.[45] David's traumatic experiences at the camp motivated him to become a fanatical murderer.[46]

In another variation of the Days of Future Past shown in Weapon X: Days of Future Now, a Rachel Summers was captured by Weapon X and detained in the "Neverland" concentration camp.[47]

Exiles

In the so-called Legacy Earth reality, in which the Legacy Virus mutated into a techno-organic plague, a Rachel Summers was a member of the Avengers, the last superhero group. At Morph's behest, she contacted Thor and the Asgardians to help them against the Vi-Locks, a race of beings infected with the techno-organic Legacy virus.[48]

X-Men: The End

The miniseries "X-Men: The End" (written by Chris Claremont) details the last adventures of the X-Men in a possible future. In this reality, Rachel was the political campaign manager of Kitty Pryde (Chicago mayoral candidate).[49] However, she abandoned this position after Cassandra Nova led a series of attacks on the X-Men and allies.[50] She traveled alongside Cable into Shi'ar space and was killed by Nova. However, Rachel was later seen joining several others in emulating the Kabbalah "Tree of Life" and presumably transcended this plane of existence.[51]

In other media

  • Rachel Summers made one appearance in the 1990 role-playing PC game "X-Men II: The Fall of the Mutants". As the playable character Phoenix, she wore her Hound-inspired costume showcased in the Excalibur series. During gameplay the player had a choice of utilizing her "psi-flash" attack, where her Phoenix raptor would stun her opponents; or if her power was running low, a player could use Rachel's fiery wings to cause physical damage. She was also one of the game's few flying characters alongside Marvel Girl (Jean Grey from the original X-Factor), Archangel, and Rogue.[52]
  • Rachel Summers (also in her Excalibur outfit) could be seen in the X-Men animated television series of the mid-1990s as one of Apocalypse's captive psychics in the final episode of the multi-part storyline, Beyond Good and Evil, wearing her red-spiked Hound costume.[53][54]

References

  1. ^ a b Uncanny X-Men #141-142
  2. ^ a b Uncanny X-Men #462
  3. ^ a b Fantastic Four #414
  4. ^ a b Spider-Man/X-Men: Time's Arrow Vol 3
  5. ^ a b Uncanny X-Men #199
  6. ^ a b Uncanny X-Men #450
  7. ^ Uncanny X-Men #453
  8. ^ a b Uncanny X-Men #455
  9. ^ New Excalibur 1-4
  10. ^ Uncanny X-Men #475
  11. ^ Uncanny X-Men #481
  12. ^ X-Men: Emperor Vulcan #1
  13. ^ Uncanny X-Men #486
  14. ^ http://www.newsarama.com/comics/080823-XMenKingbreaker.html
  15. ^ http://www.marvel.com/news/comicstories.4329
  16. ^ a b X-Men: Kingbreaker #4
  17. ^ War of Kings #4
  18. ^ War of Kings #5
  19. ^ Uncanny X-Men #475 - #486
  20. ^ Uncanny X-Men #447
  21. ^ Cable and Deadpool #10
  22. ^ Uncanny X-Men #449
  23. ^ X-Treme X-Men #44
  24. ^ a b c Uncanny X-Men #464
  25. ^ Uncanny X-Men #459
  26. ^ Uncanny X-Men Annual #14
  27. ^ Uncanny X-Men #141-142
  28. ^ MK Spider-Man #6, X-Men: Deadly Genesis #2
  29. ^ Uncanny X-Men #202 - 203
  30. ^ ’’X-Men: Phoenix’’ #1-3
  31. ^ ’’Excalibur’’ #61
  32. ^ Cable 1st series #85-86
  33. ^ Uncanny X-Men’’ #479
  34. ^ War of Kings #1 - 6
  35. ^ Uncanny X-Men’’ #444
  36. ^ X-Men 2nd Series’’ #96 - #103
  37. ^ Uncanny X-Men #472-#474
  38. ^ Uncanny X-Men #479
  39. ^ Uncanny X-Men #444
  40. ^ X-Men: The 198 Files
  41. ^ a b Uncanny X-Men #208
  42. ^ ’’Excalibur vol. 1’’ # 7
  43. ^ House of M #1
  44. ^ Uncanny X-Men #465
  45. ^ Exiles Vol. 1 #12-13
  46. ^ Exiles Vol. 1 #59
  47. ^ Weapon X - Days of Future Now #5
  48. ^ Exiles Vol. 1 #22
  49. ^ X-Men: The End Vol. 1
  50. ^ X-Men: The End Vol. 2
  51. ^ X-Men: The End Vol. 3
  52. ^ Gamespot, Gamefaqs
  53. ^ "X-Men the animated series" Season 4 Episode 15. Beyond Good and Evil (Part 4): End and Beginning; Original airdate November 25, 1995. Redistributed in X-Men Vol. 4 (Marvel DVD Collection): P#DVMXMV4
  54. ^ Youtube Season 4 Episode 15 Part 1 at 2.14, Part 3 at 4.20
  55. ^ Marvel Universe Exclusive Rachel Grey Deathmark Variant Mini Bust: P#6-99788-21365-0
  56. ^ Marvel Select Variant Marvel Girl Action Figure: P#699788107294
  57. ^ Marvel HeroClix: Days of Future Past Action Pack: P#WIZ3310
  58. ^ Marvel Heroes Superhero Squad Wave 11

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