Raichur
Raichur (rī'chūr), city (1991 pop. 170,577), Karnataka state, S central India. It is a district administrative center and a market for sesame, sorghum, cotton, pulses, and chilies. Copper and iron mines are nearby. An inscription on the old fort at Raichur states that it was built in 1294. The area around the town was frequently a battleground in early Indian history.
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Raichur
This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Raichur district.
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| Raichur | |
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| Coordinates | 16°12′N 77°22′E / 16.2°N 77.37°ECoordinates: 16°12′N 77°22′E / 16.2°N 77.37°E |
| Country | India |
| Region | Bayaluseeme |
| State | Karnataka |
| District(s) | Raichur district |
| MLA | Syed Yasin |
| Population | 205,634 (2001[update]) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+05:30) |
| Area |
• 407 metres (1,335 ft) |
| Website | www.raichur.nic.in |
Raichur (Kannada: ರಾಯಚೂರು, rāyachūru), is a city municipality in the district of Raichur in the Indian state of Karnataka. Raichur, on the banks of the Tungabhadra River, is the headquarters of Raichur district. It was in the princely state of Mysore during the rule of Tipu Sultan[citation needed]. It is located 409 km from the state capital, Bangalore.
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History
Raichur has a rich history, having been a part of various empires, such as the Bahmanis and Vijayanagara. The city is famous for its imposing Raichur Fort.[1] Here, stone inscriptions have been found in Persian and Arabic which belonged to the bastion of the fort, referring to its construction in 1294.[2] Among the ruins of the immense fort are many irrigation tanks and old temples.
Interesting details of the battle between Sri Krishnadevaraya and Adil Shah are given in The Battle of Raichur.
Raichur is very rich from the epigraphical point of view. It has already yielded hundreds of inscriptions, ranging from the Mauryan period up to the end of the Muslim period. The inscriptions are in a variety of languages such as Sanskrit, Prakrit, Kannada, Arabic, and Persian and belonging to almost all the dynasties that ruled over the Dekkan. The most important places from this point of view are Maski, Koppal, Kuknur, Mudgal and Raichur.
Climate
The climate of the district is characterised by dryness for the major part of the year and a very hot summer. The low and highly variable rainfall renders the district liable to drought. The year may be divided broadly into four seasons. The hot season begins by about the middle of February and extends to the end of May The South-west monsoon is from June to end of September. October and November are the post monsoon or retreating monsoon months and the period from December to the middle of February is the cold season.
The only meteorological observatory in the district is at Raichur. The data of this observatory may be taken as representative of the conditions in the district. December is the coldest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 29.3 Degree C. (84.8 F) and the mean daily minimum at 17.7C (63.9F) The nights are generally cool in the season, but day temperatures sometimes reach 35 to 38 Degree C.The period from about the middle of February to May is one of continuous rise in temperatures, May is the hottest month, the mean daily maximum temperature being 39.8 (103.7 F) The heat is oppressive till the onset of the south-west monsoon by about the first week of June. Thereafter the weather becomes slightly cooler and continues to be so till the end of the South-west monsoon season. Day temperatures show a slight increase in October. From November, both day and night temperatures gradually decrease till December.
The highest maximum temperature ever recorded at Raichur was 45.6 C (114.1F) on 23rd May 1928 and the lowest minimum was 10.0 C (50.0F) on 14th January 1899 and 13th December 1945.
Geography
Raichur is located at 16°12′N 77°22′E / 16.2°N 77.37°E.[3] It has an average elevation of 407 metres (1335 ft).
Demographics
As of the 2001 India census,[4] Raichur had a population of 205,634. Males constituted 51 % of the population and females 49 %. <--!Raichur has an average literacy rate of 63 %, higher than the national average of 62 %: male literacy is 58 %, and female literacy is 62 %.--> In Raichur, 13 % of the population was under 6 years of age.
The main language is Kannada, but Telugu, Urdu, and Hindi are also widely spoken.
Economy
One of the most visited places in Raichur is the Raichur Thermal Power Station in Shakthinagar. It has 8 units, producing 210 MW each, employing ISO 14001, an internationally accepted specification for environmental management systems (EMS).
Cuisine
Biryani, Puri, Vagrani with mirchi
Transport
Raichur is well connected by road and rail to Bangalore, Mumbai,Hyderabad and other major cities. The airport[5] is under construction near a village called Yermarus (Around 10kms from Raichur).
Local transport
Auto rickshaws are available for getting around the city at fairly reasonable rates. NEKRTC city buses circulate within the city and also travel to the nearby towns and villages.
Long-distance bus routes
Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) runs a bus service to other cities and villages. There are also various private bus services. There are many private services running Volvo buses between Bangalore and Raichur, and between Hyderabad and Raichur.
Railways
Raichur is served by a major rail line and is well connected by trains to all major parts of India such as Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Trivandrum, Kanyakumari, Pune, Bhubaneswar, Bhopal and Agra.
Monuments
Anegundi, 135 km from Raichur, has some splendid temples from the Vijayanagar era such as the Ranganatha Temple and the Huchchappayana Matha. The Pampa Sarovara, the Kamal Mahal and Nava Brindavana entomb the mortal remains of famous saints.
Notable personalities
- Abdul Samad Siddiqui: Prominent Educationist and Former Member of Parliament(Rajya Sabha).
- Syed Yasin : MLA Raichur and Son-in-Law C. K. Jaffer Sheriff
References
- ^ "Welcome to Mera Raichur". meraraichur.com. http://www.meraraichur.com/. Retrieved 2006-10-17.
- ^ "Stone inscriptions". museums.ap.nic.in/. http://museums.ap.nic.in/manuscrip.html. Retrieved 2006-10-17.[dead link]
- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Raichur
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ^ "Develop airstrip at Raichur into airport". http://www.hindu.com/2008/07/25/stories/2008072555910300.htm.
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The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/.
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