Rarotonga

Rarotonga Rarotonga Island from space, September 1994. Geography Location Central-Southern Pacific Ocean Coordinates 21°14′S 159°47′W / 21.233°S 159.783°W / -21.233; -159.783 Archipelago Cook Islands Major islands Mo tutapu Oneroa Koromiri Taakoka Area 67.19 km² Country Cook Islands Demographics Demonym Rarotongan Population 14.153

View of a Rarotongan beach.

Typical scene along the Ara Tapu (main road) on Rarotonga.

Rarotonga's highest peak, Te Manga, as seen from the south coast.

A Rarotonga beach, Avaavaroa

The Ara Tapu (main road) near Tikioki Beach, Rarotonga.

Looking towards the mountains from Muri Beach area.

Rarotonga is the most populous island in a group of islands known as the Cook Islands, with a population of 14,153 (census 2006).

Cook Islands' Parliament buildings, as well as the international airport, are located on Rarotonga. Because it is the most populous island, Cook Islanders may be referred to as Rarotongan, but they may in fact come from one of the other 15 islands in the group, such as Aitutaki or Mangaia. Rarotonga is also a very popular tourist destination with many resorts, hotels and motels. The chief town, Avarua, on the north coast, is also the capital of the Cook Islands.

Geography

The island of Rarotonga stands over 14,750 feet (4,500 meters) above the ocean floor. The island is 20 miles (32 km) in circumference and has an area of 26 square miles (67.19 km²). At a depth of 13,000 ft (4,000 m), the volcano is nearly 31 miles (50 km) in diameter. Te Manga, at 2,140 ft (658 m) above sea level, is the highest peak on the island.

The island is surrounded by a lagoon, which often extends more than a hundred yards (meters) to the reef, then sloping steeply to deep water. The reef fronts the shore to the north of the island, making the lagoon there unsuitable for swimming and water sports, but to the south east, particularly around Muri, the lagoon is at its widest and deepest. This part of the island is the most popular with tourists for swimming, snorkelling and boating. Agricultural terraces, flats, and swamps surround the central mountain area.

Along the southeast coast, off Muri Beach are four small coral islets within a few hundred meters of the shore, within the fringing coral reef, listed from north to south with their areas in hectares:^[1]

1. Mo tutapu 11.0
2. Oneroa 10.6
3. Koromiri 3.0
4. Taakoka 1.7

The interior of the island is dominated by eroded volcanic peaks cloaked in dense vegetation. Paved and unpaved roads allow access to valleys but the interior of the island remains largely unpopulated due to forbidding terrain and lack of infrastructure.

A large tract of land has been set aside in the south east as the Takitumu Conservation Area to protect the islands' native birds and plants, especially the endangered Kakerori, the Rarotonga Flycatcher.

Science

On May 30, 1965, five sounding rockets were launched from Rarotonga for studying a solar eclipse.^[2]

Subdivisions

Rarotonga is divided into five districts. Avarua constitutes the large north district.

Places of interest

Palm-studded white sandy beaches fringe most of the island, and there is a popular cross-island walk that connects Avatiu valley with the south side of the island. This walk passes Te Rua Manga, the prominent needle-shaped rock visible from the air and some coastal areas. Hikes can also be taken to Raemaru, or flat-top mountain. Other stops should include Wigmore Falls and the ancient marae, Arai te Tonga.

Popular island activities include snorkeling, scuba diving, bike riding, horse back riding, hiking, deep-sea fishing, boat tours, scenic flights, restaurants, dancing, island shows, squash, tennis, zipping around on mopeds, and sleeping on the beach. There are also many churches open for service on Sunday, and the beautiful a capella singing alone makes them a must. The pace of life is so relaxed at night people congregate at the sea wall which skirts the end of the runway and watch the jets land.

Transport

There are three harbours, Avatiu, Avarua and Avana of which only Avatiu harbour is of any commercial significance. Avatiu harbour serves a small fleet of inter-islands and fishing vessels and cargo ships regularly call from New Zealand. Large cruise ships have to anchor off shore.

Rarotonga is encircled by a main "ring" road that traces the coast. In places there is also a secondary ring road slightly further inland. Due to the mountainous interior, there is no road crossing the island. Rarotonga only has two bus routes: Clockwise & Anti-Clockwise.^[3] Although they have bus stops, the bus drivers drive around picking up anyone they see and dropping them off when the passengers want them to.

Rarotonga International Airport is the main hub of inter-island transportation with daily flights to Aitutaki, regular flights to Atiu, Mangaia, Mauke and Mitiaro and occasional flights to the remote Northern Atolls of Manihiki, Tongareva (Penrhyn) and Pukapuka all operated by the local Airline Air Rarotonga.

In the media

• The travel writer Robert Dean Frisbie died on the island, after having lived there only briefly.
• The 1995 album Finn by The Finn Brothers ends with the song "Kiss the Road of Rarotonga", which was inspired by a motorcycle accident that Tim Finn had during a visit there.
• The U.S. television series Survivor: Cook Islands was filmed on Aitutaki, one of the islands in the southern group. One of the tribes was called Rarotonga (or Raro for short).
• Two feature-length films are set in Rarotonga: The Other Side of Heaven, and Johnny Lingo.
• In the 2008 film Nim's Island, Rarotonga is portrayed as a waypoint for fictional adventure writer Alexandra Rover (Jodie Foster) on her journey from San Francisco to a South Pacific island located at 20°S 162°W / 20°S 162°W / -20; -162.

See also

• Auparu
• Kingdom of Rarotonga
• List of birds of the Cook Islands
• Treaty of Rarotonga
• Roman Catholic Diocese of Rarotonga

References

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2007)

External links

• History of districts and villages
• Original Tapere subdivision of Rarotonga

Coordinates: 21°14′S 159°47′W / 21.233°S 159.783°W / -21.233; -159.783

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