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reading

 
Dictionary: read·ing   ('dĭng) pronunciation
n.
  1. The act or activity of one that reads.
  2. The act or practice of rendering aloud written or printed matter: skilled at forensic reading.
  3. An official or public recitation of written material: the reading of a will; a reading by the poet of her own works.
    1. The specific form of a particular passage in a text: an unusual reading of the old manuscript.
    2. The distinctive interpretation of a work of performing art given by the person or persons performing it.
  4. A personal interpretation or appraisal: He gave us his reading of the situation.
  5. Written or printed material.
  6. The information indicated by a gauge or graduated instrument.

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Thesaurus: reading
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noun

    One's artistic conception as shown by the way in which something such as a dramatic role or musical composition is rendered: execution, interpretation, performance, realization, rendering, rendition. See performing arts.

Antonyms: reading
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n

Definition: interpretation of written word
Antonyms: writing


 
reading, process of mentally interpreting written symbols. Facility in reading is an essential factor in educational progress, and instruction in this basic skill is a primary purpose of elementary education. The ability to read was not considered important for most laymen until sometime after Johann Gutenberg's invention of the printing press (c.1450) and the Protestant Reformation, with its emphasis on individual interpretation of the Bible. Until that time reading was generally restricted to the clergy and certain members of the nobility. Although illiteracy is still a problem in many areas of the world, compulsory childhood education laws have assured that most citizens of advanced industrial nations can read.

Physiological and psychological studies suggest that the process of reading is based on a succession of quick eye movements, known as fixations, across the written line, each of which lasts for about a quarter of a second. In each fixation more than one word is perceived and interpreted, so that a skilled reader may take in more than three words per fixation when reading easy material. Depending on the rate of fixations and the difficulty of the material, an adult can read and understand anywhere from 200 to 1,000 words per minute.

There has been considerable difference of opinion about the best method of teaching children to read. By the end of the 20th cent. the educational concensus was largely that a combination of phonics, which emphasizes sound, and the whole-language method, which emphasizes meaning, is the most effective way to teach the skill. Most educators also agree on the importance of remedial work for students whose progress is impeded by impaired vision, faulty eye movements, developmental disabilities such as dyslexia, or personal handicaps resulting from poor teaching.

Bibliography

See G. Hildreth, Teaching Reading (1958); I. A. Richards, How to Read a Page (1959); G. Cuomo, Becoming a Better Reader (1960); H. Diack, Reading and the Psychology of Perception (1960); J. S. Chall, Learning to Read: The Great Debate (1967); M. Cox, The Challenge of Reading Failure (1968); M. J. Adler and C. Van Doren, How to Read a Book (rev. ed. 1972); M. C. Robeck and J. A. R. Wilson, Psychology of Reading (1974).


Devil's Dictionary: reading
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A cynical view of the world by Ambrose Bierce


n.

The general body of what one reads. In our country it consists, as a rule, of Indiana novels, short stories in "dialect" and humor in slang.

    We know by one's reading
    His learning and breeding;
    By what draws his laughter
    We know his Hereafter.
    Read nothing, laugh never --
    The Sphinx was less clever!
                                                          Jupiter Muke


Word Tutor: reading
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pronunciation

IN BRIEF: Going over and taking in and understand the meaning of letters or symbols.

pronunciation Books worth reading once are worth reading twice; and what is most important of all, the masterpieces of literature are worth reading a thousand times. — John Viscount Morley of Blackburn (1838-1923), British liberal statesman and man of letters.

Translations: Reading
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Dansk (Danish)
n. - læsning, oplæsning, gennemlæsning, belæsthed, resultat, aflæsning (f.eks. måler), fortolkning, behandling (lovforslag)

idioms:

  • reading age    læseevne (svarende til en bestemt alder)
  • reading desk    pult, bord
  • reading glasses    læsebriller
  • reading lamp    læselampe
  • reading room    læseværelse, læsesal (bibliotek)

Nederlands (Dutch)
lectuur, duiding, lezing, uitvoering, een indruk, lees-, belezenheid, voordracht

Français (French)
n. - lecture, relevé, indication, interprétation, (GB, Pol) lecture

idioms:

  • reading age    (École) niveau de lecture
  • reading desk    bureau/table de lecture
  • reading glasses    lunettes de lecture
  • reading lamp    lampe de lecture
  • reading room    salle de lecture

Deutsch (German)
n. - Lektüre, Lesen, Version, Interpretation, Lesung, Stand

idioms:

  • reading age    Lesefertigkeit
  • reading desk    Lesepult
  • reading glasses    Lesebrille
  • reading lamp    Leselampe
  • reading room    Lesesaal

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - ανάγνωση, διάβασμα, ένδειξη (οργάνου), ακρόαση ηθοποιού ή ερμηνεία ρόλου, απόδοση, διατύπωση, (μτφ.) ερμηνεία (φαινομένων κ.λπ.)

idioms:

  • reading age    ηλικία ανάγνωσης
  • reading desk    αναλόγιο
  • reading glasses    γυαλιά διαβάσματος
  • reading lamp    επιτραπέζια λάμπα, πορτατίφ
  • reading room    αναγνωστήριο

Italiano (Italian)
lettura, spiegazione, interpretazione

idioms:

  • reading age    etý di lettura
  • reading desk    scrivania
  • reading glasses    occhiali da lettura
  • reading lamp    lampada da lettura
  • reading room    sala di lettura

Português (Portuguese)
n. - leitura (f)

idioms:

  • reading age    idade para alfabetização
  • reading desk    mesa para leitura (f)
  • reading glasses    lupa (f)
  • reading lamp    lâmpada para leitura (f)
  • reading room    sala de leitura (f)

Русский (Russian)
чтение, считывание, интерпретация

idioms:

  • reading age    возраст чтения, степень начитанности
  • reading desk    письменный стол
  • reading glasses    очки для чтения
  • reading lamp    настольная лампа
  • reading room    читальный зал

Español (Spanish)
n. - lectura, interpretación, versión

idioms:

  • reading age    nivel de lectura
  • reading desk    mesa de lectura, atril
  • reading glasses    gafas de leer
  • reading lamp    lámpara portátil
  • reading room    sala de lectura

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - läsning, avläsning, lektyr

中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
阅读, 读物, 阅读材料, 朗读, 学识

idioms:

  • reading age    阅读年龄
  • reading desk    斜面书桌, 读经台, 阅览桌
  • reading glasses    阅读用放大镜
  • reading lamp    台灯
  • reading room    阅览室

中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 閱讀, 讀物, 閱讀材料, 朗讀, 學識

idioms:

  • reading age    閱讀年齡
  • reading desk    斜面書桌, 讀經台, 閱覽桌
  • reading glasses    閱讀用放大鏡
  • reading lamp    檯燈
  • reading room    閱覽室

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 독서, 학식, 낭독회

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 読むこと, 読書, 朗読, 読み物, 記事, 示度, 知識, 読会, 朗読会, 解釈, 演出
adj. - 読書する, 読書用の

idioms:

  • reading age    読書年齢
  • reading desk    読書台, 聖書台
  • reading glasses    拡大鏡
  • reading lamp    読書灯
  • reading material    読み物
  • reading room    閲覧室, 図書閲覧室
  • required reading    必読書

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) قراءة‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮קריאה, השכלה, פירוש, גרסה, נוסחה, מידה (במדחום), חומר קריאה, קריאה בפני קהל, קריאת מונה‬


 
 
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Riding (family name)
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Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Thesaurus. Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionary Copyright © 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Answers Corporation Antonyms. © 1999-2009 by Answers Corporation. All rights reserved.  Read more
Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/ Read more
Devil's Dictionary. Devil's Dictionary by Ambrose Bierce, 1911  Read more
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